Objective To explore the infection status and clinical characteristics of human parvovirus B19 (HPV-B19) in patients with hematological disease. Methods A total of 94 patients with benign hematological disease, 128 patients with hematological malignancy, and 89 healthy individuals at Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital from February 2019 to February 2020 were selected. The levels of specific IgM and nucleic acid of HPV-B19 in the plasma were detected using ELISA and PCR. The infection rates among the 3 groups and clinical characteristics between HPV-B19 positive and negative patients with hematological disease were compared. Results The positive rate of HPV-B19 IgM was 9.6% (9/94), the positive rate of nucleic acid was 11.7% (11/94), and the overall infection rate of HPV-B19 (IgM and/or nucleic acid positive) was 14.9% (14/94) in benign group of patients. The positive rate of HPV-B19 IgM was 18.0% (23/128), the positive rate of nucleic acid was 19.5% (25/128), and the overall infection rate of HPV-B19 was 26.6% (34/128) in malignant group of patients. The positive rate of HPV-B19 IgM was 1.1% (1/89), the positive rate of nucleic acid was 2.2% (2/89), and the overall infection rate of HPV-B19 was 2.2% (2/89) in healthy controls. The overall HPV-B19 infection rate in benign group of patients was higher than that in healthy controls (P＝0.006). The overall HPV-B19 infection rate was higher in malignant group of patients than that in benign group of patients (P＝0.037) and healthy controls (P＜0.001). In the benign group, the HPV-B19 infection rates in patients with pure red cell aplasia (PRCA), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and aplastic anemia (AA) were higher, with 44.4% (4/9), 27.3% (3/11), 25.0% (4/16), and 21.4% (3/14), respectively. In the malignant group, the HPV-B19 infection rates in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were higher, with 42.9% (9/21) and 37.5% (6/16), respectively. The HPV-B19 positive patients in both hematological disease groups were older (P＜0.05). In patients with NHL, CLL or multiple myeloma (MM), HPV-B19 infection decreased the reticulocyte ratio (P＜0.05); in patients with NHL, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), HPV-B19 infection prolonged bone marrow suppression time after chemotherapy (P＜0.05). Conclusions HPV-B19 infection rate in patients with hematological disease is elevated and HPV-B19 infection may influence the condition and treatment efficiency of these patients.

This review aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the etiology, epidemiology, pathology, and conventional treatment of heterotopic ossification (HO), especially emerging potential therapies. HO is the process of ectopic bone formation at non-skeletal sites. HO can be subdivided into two major forms, acquired and hereditary, with acquired HO predominating. Hereditary HO is a rare and life-threatening genetic disorder, but both acquired and hereditary form can cause severe complications, such as peripheral nerve entrapment, pressure ulcers, and disability if joint ankylosis develops, which heavily contributes to a reduced quality of life. Modalities have been proposed to treat HO, but none have emerged as the gold standard. Surgical excision remains the only effective modality; however, the optimal timing is controversial and may cause HO recurrence. Recently, potential therapeutic strategies have emerged that focus on the signaling pathways involved in HO, and small molecule inhibitors have been shown to be promising. Moreover, additional specific targets, such as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and non-coding RNAs, could be used to effectively block HO or develop combinatorial therapies for HO.
Humans ; Ossification, Heterotopic/genetics*

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant therapeutic strategies play a pivotal role in the comprehensive treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) generally exhibits a more favorable response to neoadjuvant therapy compared with lung adenocarcinoma (ADC). The aim of this study is to elucidate how baseline cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor-associated endothelial cells (TAECs) influence the differential therapeutic outcomes of neoadjuvant treatment in SCC versus ADC. METHODS: We retrospectively collected pretreatment biopsy samples from 104 patients with stage II-III NSCLC who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) or neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NAIC) at Shandong Cancer Hospital between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2023. Tissue microarrays were constructed using an automated arrayer, and multiplex immunofluorescence staining (α-SMA/CD31/CK/DAPI) was performed to identify CAFs (α-SMA+/CK-) and TAECs (CD31+/CK-). Quantitative analyses included CAFs and TAECs densities, the nearest neighbor distance (NND) between CAFs and TAECs, and their spatial proximity (30 μm). Differences in major pathological response (MPR) between groups, defined as residual viable tumor cells ≤10% in resected specimens after neoadjuvant therapy, were assessed using the χ² test. The Mann-Whitney U test was applied to analyze intergroup differences in quantitative indicators, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the predictive performance of immune-related markers for MPR in the NAIC cohort. RESULTS: Among the 104 NSCLC patients who received neoadjuvant therapy, 35 underwent NAIC and 69 received NAC. Overall, patients with SCC were more likely to achieve MPR compared with those with ADC (50.0% vs 22.4%, P=0.006). This trend persisted in the NAIC subgroup (72.7% vs 30.8%, P=0.038), whereas no significant difference in MPR rates was observed between SCC and ADC in the NAC subgroup. At baseline, prior to NAIC or NAC, programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) expression, CAFs and TAECs densities, CAFs-TAECs NND, and CAFs-TAECs proximity (30 μm) showed no significant differences between SCC and ADC. In patients with SCC receiving NAIC, baseline PD-L1/PD-1 expression, CAFs density, and TAECs density showed not significant differences between MPR and NMPR groups. However, the CAFs-TAECs distance was significantly greater in the MPR group (NND: 31.2 vs 24.7 μm, P=0.038), and the number of TAECs within 30 μm of CAFs was significantly lower (proximity: 1.1 vs 3.6, P=0.038). Univariate Cox regression analysis indicated that low TAECs density was associated with MPR following NAIC (OR=36.00, 95%CI: 2.68-1486.88, P=0.019). Furthermore, ROC analysis demonstrated that baseline CAFs-TAECs NND and proximity (30 μm) exhibited strong predictive performance for MPR in SCC patients treated with NAIC, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.893, sensitivity of 0.857, and specificity of 1.000. CONCLUSIONS CAFs are more spatially distant from TAECs and more prone to MPR after NAIC in SCC, which may be related to the reduced interaction of CAFs with TAECs and reduced tumor-associated angiogenesis.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/therapy* ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Endothelial Cells/drug effects* ; Aged ; Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts/drug effects* ; Immunotherapy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy* ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy* ; Adult

Objective To investigate the effect of trunk control on the biomechanical characteristics of lower limb movements during Asian squats(AS)and Western squats(WS)in young adults to provide empirical support for the application and promotion of deep squat training.Methods Twenty-four healthy young male collegiate students performed AS and WS with and without bar control,and their lower limb kinematic and kinetic characteristics were collected using an infrared light-point motion capture system and a three-dimensional(3D)dynamometer.The 3D angles of the lower limbs were obtained using Cortex-642.6.2 software,based on the calculation of Euler angles,and the 3D moments were obtained by applying the inverse dynamics method.The effects of trunk control and deep squatting posture on the lower limb kinematic characteristics were examined using a two-factor analysis of variance with a 2×2 repeated design.Results There was no significant interaction between trunk control and the deep squatting posture for either kinematic or kinetic parameters(P>0.05).The WS group had a large knee flexion angle,peak patellofemoral contact force,and ratio of peak hip and knee extension moments,and small ankle dorsiflexion and hip flexion angles(P<0.05).The deep squat with a bar had a large ankle dorsiflexion angle,peak patellofemoral contact force,and hip flexion angle as well as a small knee flexion angle and ratio of peak hip and knee extension moments(P<0.05).Conclusions WS is helpful for training hip extension muscle groups,whereas AS is helpful for training knee extension muscle strength.The peak patellofemoral joint contact force of the WS is significantly greater than that of the AS;therefore,it is recommended that patients with patellofemoral joint pain use the AS.A squat with a bar can compensate for the body's balance;thus,people with limited ankle dorsiflexion range of motion or anterior tibial muscle weakness may consider trunk control training,such as a deep squat with a bar.This may help improve lower limb stability during squats.

Purpose To investigate the effect of shortening the acquisition time of 18F-D6-AV133 PET/CT on image quality and diagnostic efficacy in Parkinson's disease.Materials and Methods A total of 51 participants(27 of Parkinson's disease,24 of healthy-controls)from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from October 2021 to June 2022 were retrospectively selected.Images were obtained after the injection of the tracer 18F-D6-AV133(371.04±16.30)MBq for 60 min,with collection times of 10 min.Four sets of images were reconstructed using CT attenuation correction with acquisition times of 3,5,7 and 10 min.Semi-quantitative analysis was performed on the PET images,calculating the striatum-to-occipital lobe standardized uptake value ratio(SUVR).Two physicians independently conducted qualitative evaluations for each image group.The differences of SUVR and visual score results among four sets of images were performed.The optimal critical value of SUVR was obtained by analyzing the receiver operating characteristic curve of the subjects.Results The visual analysis of image quality had a strong consistency between the two doctors(ICC=0.853,P<0.001).The images with acquisition time of 5 min could reach the common quality level in clinical work,accounting for 78.4%(40/51).The semi-quantitative results of image quality showed that there was no significant difference between SUVR and diagnostic efficiency obtained by acquisition time 5 min and 10 min(Z=1.821,P=0.069),and the best critical value of the two groups was equal to 3.Therefore,properly shortening the acquisition time had no effect on the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease.Conclusion With the development and advancement of technical equipment,PET image quality is gradually improving and the scanning time is also gradually shortening.The acquisition time for 18F-D6-AV133 can be shortened from the conventional 10 min to 5 min.

Objective:To evaluate the accuracy of 3D ultrasound calibration in image guided radiotherapy for prostate cancer by taking cone beam CT calibration as the gold standard, and to analyze the risk factors of accuracy.Methods:From December 2018 to December 2021, 51 patients with prostate cancer from the Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University were selected as the study subjects. They received cone beam CT calibration based on bone and 3D ultrasound calibration based on soft tissue before fraction volumetric modulated arc therapy treatment three times a week. Taking cone beam CT calibration data as the gold standard, the Bland-Altman method was used to analyze the consistency of 3D ultrasound calibration data with the former. Taking 3 mm as the allowable threshold of accuracy, the calibration accuracy of 3D ultrasound relative to cone beam CT was evaluated. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the accuracy of 3D ultrasound calibration.Results:A total of 765 pairs of cone beam CT and 3D ultrasound calibration data were obtained from 51 patients in left-right, superior-inferior and anterior-posterior directions. The calibration data of 3D ultrasound and cone beam CT were (1.39±0.11) and (1.13±0.07) mm in the left-right direction, (1.98±0.20) and (1.61±0.12) mm in the superior-inferior direction, (2.68±0.48) and (1.78±0.27) mm in the anterior-posterior direction, respectively, with statistically significant differences ( t=-6.42, P<0.001; t=-7.07, P<0.001; t=-7.34, P<0.001). The analysis results of Bland-Altman showed that the consistency of calibration data of the two methods were acceptable in three directions. The number of pairs of 3D ultrasound relative to cone beam CT calibration data difference <3 mm in the three directions were 676 (88.37%) on the left-right direction, 604 (78.95%) on the superior-inferior direction, and 577 (75.42%) on the anterior-posterior direction. The factors with statistically significant differences in the left-right direction included age ( χ2=18.27, P<0.001), prostate volume ( χ2=14.55, P<0.001), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) ( χ2=8.01, P=0.005) and field range ( χ2=11.30, P<0.001). Age ( OR=2.02, 95% CI: 1.90-3.39, P=0.010) and the field range ( OR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.18-2.55, P=0.020) were the independent risk factors affecting the accuracy of 3D ultrasound calibration in the left-right direction. The factors with statistically significant differences in the superior-inferior direction included age ( χ2=80.68, P<0.001), body mass index ( χ2=35.89, P<0.001) and field range ( χ2=40.39, P<0.001). Age ( OR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.15-2.09, P=0.021) and the field range ( OR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.01-1.90, P=0.034) were the independent risk factors affecting the accuracy of 3D ultrasound calibration in the superior-inferior direction. The factors with statistically significant differences in the anterior-posterior direction included age ( χ2=46.07, P<0.001), CCI ( χ2=47.97, P<0.001) and field range ( χ2=11.86, P=0.001). Age ( OR=1.91, 95% CI: 1.22-3.45, P=0.015) and the field range ( OR=2.89, 95% CI: 1.45-3.90, P=0.001) were the independent risk factors affecting the accuracy of 3D ultrasound calibration in the anterior-posterior direction. Conclusion:The consistency and accuracy of the calibration results of 3D ultrasound relative to cone beam CT are acceptable. It is necessary to consider the patient's age and field range to reduce the impact on accuracy before conducting 3D ultrasound calibration.

Objective:To retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes of autonomous dental implant robot(ADIR)assisted implant surgery in 1-year follow-up.Methods:20 patients with tooth missing underwent implantation surgery by ADIR were incuded.The plat-form deviation,apex deviation and angular deviation of the implants were analyzed.The marginal bone height and peri-implant soft tis-sue health were measured and observed immediately,6 months and 12 months after the restoration.Results:The platform deviation,apex deviation and angular deviation of 20 implants at the 3 follow-up examinations were(0.34±0.11)mm,(0.34±0.15)mm and(0.82°±0.38°),respectively.There was no significant difference in the accuracy of different implant diameter and length(P＞0.05).During the follow-up period,all implants had successful osseointegration,stable marginal bone height,and acceptable peri-implant soft tissue condition.Conclusion:The 1-year follow-up indicates that ADIR can achieve promising clinical performance.Long-term follow-up studies are still necessary for verification.

The use of robots to augment human capabilities and assist in work has long been an aspiration.Robotics has been developing since the 1960s when the first industrial robot was introduced.As technology has advanced,robotic-assisted surgery has shown numerous advantages,including more precision,efficiency,minimal invasiveness,and safety than is possible with conventional techniques,which are research hotspots and cutting-edge trends.This article reviewed the history of medical robot development and seminal research papers about current research progress.Taking the autonomous dental implant robotic system as an example,the advantages and prospects of medical robotic systems would be discussed which would provide a reference for future research.

Accurate segmentation of oral surgery-related tissues from cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)images can significantly accelerate treatment planning and improve surgical accuracy.In this paper,we propose a fully automated tissue segmentation system for dental implant surgery.Specifically,we propose an image preprocessing method based on data distribution histograms,which can adaptively process CBCT images with different parameters.Based on this,we use the bone segmentation network to obtain the segmentation results of alveolar bone,teeth,and maxillary sinus.We use the tooth and mandibular regions as the ROI regions of tooth segmentation and mandibular nerve tube segmentation to achieve the corresponding tasks.The tooth segmentation results can obtain the order information of the dentition.The corresponding experimental results show that our method can achieve higher segmentation accuracy and efficiency compared to existing methods.Its average Dice scores on the tooth,alveolar bone,maxillary sinus,and mandibular canal segmentation tasks were 96.5%,95.4%,93.6%,and 94.8%,respectively.These results demonstrate that it can accelerate the development of digital dentistry.