Natural product-based drug combinations (NPDCs) present distinctive advantages in treating complex diseases. While high-throughput screening (HTS) and conventional computational methods have partially accelerated synergistic drug combination discovery, their applications remain constrained by experimental data fragmentation, high costs, and extensive combinatorial space. Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI), encompassing traditional machine learning and deep learning algorithms, have been extensively applied in NPDC identification. Through the integration of multi-source heterogeneous data and autonomous feature extraction, prediction accuracy has markedly improved, offering a robust technical approach for novel NPDC discovery. This review comprehensively examines recent advances in AI-driven NPDC prediction, presents relevant data resources and algorithmic frameworks, and evaluates current limitations and future prospects. AI methodologies are anticipated to substantially expedite NPDC discovery and inform experimental validation.
Artificial Intelligence ; Biological Products/chemistry* ; Humans ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Discovery/methods* ; Machine Learning ; Algorithms

Objective:To compare the effects of early orthodontic intervention and conventional sequential periodontal-orthodontic treatment to periodontal health in patients with stage Ⅳ periodontitis.Methods:A total of 30 patients with stage Ⅳ periodontitis, who underwent combined periodontal and orthodontic therapies at the Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from January 2018 to August 2024, were included. Patients who underwent early orthodontic intervention were initiated simultaneously or within one month after supragingival scaling and subgingival root planning ( n=15). While patients in control group accomplished supragingival scaling, subgingival root planning, and corresponding periodontal surgeries to achieve inflammation control before starting orthodontic treatment ( n=15). Periodontal parameters, including clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing (+) % [BOP (+) %], were measured at baseline, one year after orthodontic treatment, and at the end of combined periodontal-orthodontic therapy respectively. Improvements in periodontal parameters and differences in tooth loss between the two groups were compared. Results:After receiving combined periodontal-orthodontic treatment, the CAL of the early orthodontic intervention group significantly decreased from (4.39±0.90) mm before treatment to (2.41±0.35) mm at the end of treatment ( t=7.92, P<0.001). Similarly, the PD significantly reduced from (4.20±1.04) mm before treatment to (2.20±0.38) mm at the end of treatment ( t=7.01, P<0.001). The BOP(+)% also showed a significant improvement, decreasing from 89.29% (68.00%, 100.00%) before treatment to 13.04% (7.14%, 17.86%) at the end of treatment ( Z=-3.41, P<0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between the early orthodontic intervention group and control group in terms of baseline mean CAL, mean PD, and BOP(+)% ( t=1.30, P=0.205; t=1.28, P=0.212; Z=0.58, P=0.559). Furthermore, the improvements in CAL and PD between the two groups were not significantly different compared to baseline ( Z=-1.10, P=0.272; Z=-0.93, P=0.351). However, the number of missing teeth was significantly lower in the early orthodontic intervention group than in the control group (χ2=3.96, P=0.047). The duration of combined periodontal-orthodontic treatment in the early orthodontic intervention group was [33.13 (23.37, 36.20) months], which was significantly shorter than that in the control group [37.47 (32.33, 50.90) months] ( Z=2.07, P=0.037). Conclusions:Both early orthodontic intervention and conventional periodontal-orthodontic treatment significantly improved CAL, PD, and BOP(+)% in stage Ⅳ periodontitis patients. Early orthodontic intervention contributed to the preservation of natural teeth and shortened the treatment duration of stage Ⅳ periodontitis.

As orthodontic treatment improves malocclusion and enhances oral health quality,the number of orthodontic patients is steadily increasing.However,a lack of understanding of periodontal inflammation and the health of periodontal supporting tissues during orthodontic treatment can lead to alveolar bone destruction and resorption.This,in turn,results in periodontal hard tissue-related com-plications such as bone fenestration,bone dehiscence,abnormal interradicular distance,and tooth mobility or loss.Currently,these complications present a significant challenge in orthodontic practice.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of common perio-dontal hard tissue-related complications during orthodontic treatment,along with clinical prevention and management strategies.A typi-cal case of multidisciplinary periodontal treatment is also presented,addressing alveolar bone resorption and tooth mobility in the upper anterior teeth caused by improper orthodontic treatment.This report aims to offer valuable reference for clinicians.

Objective:To compare the effects of early orthodontic intervention and conventional sequential periodontal-orthodontic treatment to periodontal health in patients with stage Ⅳ periodontitis.Methods:A total of 30 patients with stage Ⅳ periodontitis, who underwent combined periodontal and orthodontic therapies at the Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from January 2018 to August 2024, were included. Patients who underwent early orthodontic intervention were initiated simultaneously or within one month after supragingival scaling and subgingival root planning ( n=15). While patients in control group accomplished supragingival scaling, subgingival root planning, and corresponding periodontal surgeries to achieve inflammation control before starting orthodontic treatment ( n=15). Periodontal parameters, including clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing (+) % [BOP (+) %], were measured at baseline, one year after orthodontic treatment, and at the end of combined periodontal-orthodontic therapy respectively. Improvements in periodontal parameters and differences in tooth loss between the two groups were compared. Results:After receiving combined periodontal-orthodontic treatment, the CAL of the early orthodontic intervention group significantly decreased from (4.39±0.90) mm before treatment to (2.41±0.35) mm at the end of treatment ( t=7.92, P<0.001). Similarly, the PD significantly reduced from (4.20±1.04) mm before treatment to (2.20±0.38) mm at the end of treatment ( t=7.01, P<0.001). The BOP(+)% also showed a significant improvement, decreasing from 89.29% (68.00%, 100.00%) before treatment to 13.04% (7.14%, 17.86%) at the end of treatment ( Z=-3.41, P<0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between the early orthodontic intervention group and control group in terms of baseline mean CAL, mean PD, and BOP(+)% ( t=1.30, P=0.205; t=1.28, P=0.212; Z=0.58, P=0.559). Furthermore, the improvements in CAL and PD between the two groups were not significantly different compared to baseline ( Z=-1.10, P=0.272; Z=-0.93, P=0.351). However, the number of missing teeth was significantly lower in the early orthodontic intervention group than in the control group (χ2=3.96, P=0.047). The duration of combined periodontal-orthodontic treatment in the early orthodontic intervention group was [33.13 (23.37, 36.20) months], which was significantly shorter than that in the control group [37.47 (32.33, 50.90) months] ( Z=2.07, P=0.037). Conclusions:Both early orthodontic intervention and conventional periodontal-orthodontic treatment significantly improved CAL, PD, and BOP(+)% in stage Ⅳ periodontitis patients. Early orthodontic intervention contributed to the preservation of natural teeth and shortened the treatment duration of stage Ⅳ periodontitis.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Baduanjin combined with mecobalamin tablets in the treatment of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods:Eighty patients with type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups with 40 patients in each group ( n=40). The control group took oral mecobalamin tablets and self-management, and the treatment group were treated with Baduanjin on the basis of the control group. All patients were treated for 12 weeks. The clinical symptoms were evaluated by Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS), and the motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV) of tibial nerve and the sensory conduction velocity (SCV) of superficial peroneal nerve were measured by EMG evoked potential instrument. The hemorheological indexes (whole blood low shear viscosity, whole blood high shear viscosity and plasma viscosity) were measured before and after treatment. The clinical efficacy was evaluated and adverse events were recorded. Results:In the course of treatment, 39 patients in each group completed the study with each one dropout. The total effective rate was 87.2% (34/39) in the treatment group and 64.1% (25/39) in the control group. There was significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=5.64, P=0.018). After treatment, the TCSS score of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( t=-6.23, P<0.01), the tibial nerve MCV (43.06 ± 4.19 m/s vs. 39.55 ± 4.30 m/s, t=3.65), the superficial peroneal nerve SCV (43.23 ± 4.31 m/s vs. 39.92 ± 3.74 m/s, t=3.62) in the treatment group were significantly higher than the control group ( P<0.001), while the whole blood high shear viscosity, the whole blood low shear viscosity, and the plasma viscosity in the treatment group were significantly lower than the control group ( t value were -10.36, -14.21, -13.88, all Ps<0.001). During the treatment, no serious adverse events occurred in both groups. Conclusion:Baduanjin combined with mecobalamin tablets in the treatment of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy can reduce blood viscosity, promote blood circulation, increase nerve conduction velocity, improve clinical symptoms and signs, and improve clinical efficacy.