Objective To analyze the influencing factors of postoperative live birth in patients with tubal ectopic pregnancy who had received fresh double cleavage-stage embryo transfer through in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection(IVF/ICSI).Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed by analyzing clinical data of patients receiving laparoscopic salpingectomy for clinical diagnosed tubal ectopic pregnancy who had undergone double fresh cleavage-stage embryo transfer in our department from January 2016 to June 2018.A follow-up study was performed in terms of pregnancy outcomes in patients who were willing to conceive or attempt pregnancy for 6 years after the operation.The patients were categorized into two groups according to postoperative pregnancy outcomes.A logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative live births.Results A total of 188 patients were included,110 of which had live birth within 6 years after surgery,with a live birth rate of 58.5％(110/188).A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted on variables with P＜0.2 in the univariate analysis(age,duration of infertility,ovarian reserve dysfunction,number of egg retrieval after laparoscopic resection,endometrial thickness,pelvic adhesions,and fimbrial morphology of the fallopian tube)and the baseline antral follicle count in the last transplantation cycle of the live birth cycle(P=0.205),which would affect the outcome of subsequent pregnancy.The analysis showed that pelvic single site and multiple site dense adhesions were independent prognostic factors affecting the live birth again(OR=0.185,95％ CI:0.046-0.736,P=0.017;OR=0.124,95％ CI:0.024-0.640,P=0.013).Conclusions Intraoperative pelvic adhesion negatively affects the pregnancy outcomes of patients diagnosed with tubal ectopic pregnancy who have received fresh double cleavage-stage embryo transfer,and is an independent prognosis factor for postoperative live birth within 6 years.Improving pelvic adhesion and preventing pelvic inflammatory disease are beneficial for refining fertility outcome after surgery.

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of postoperative live birth in patients with tubal ectopic pregnancy who had received fresh double cleavage-stage embryo transfer through in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection(IVF/ICSI).Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed by analyzing clinical data of patients receiving laparoscopic salpingectomy for clinical diagnosed tubal ectopic pregnancy who had undergone double fresh cleavage-stage embryo transfer in our department from January 2016 to June 2018.A follow-up study was performed in terms of pregnancy outcomes in patients who were willing to conceive or attempt pregnancy for 6 years after the operation.The patients were categorized into two groups according to postoperative pregnancy outcomes.A logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative live births.Results A total of 188 patients were included,110 of which had live birth within 6 years after surgery,with a live birth rate of 58.5％(110/188).A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted on variables with P＜0.2 in the univariate analysis(age,duration of infertility,ovarian reserve dysfunction,number of egg retrieval after laparoscopic resection,endometrial thickness,pelvic adhesions,and fimbrial morphology of the fallopian tube)and the baseline antral follicle count in the last transplantation cycle of the live birth cycle(P=0.205),which would affect the outcome of subsequent pregnancy.The analysis showed that pelvic single site and multiple site dense adhesions were independent prognostic factors affecting the live birth again(OR=0.185,95％ CI:0.046-0.736,P=0.017;OR=0.124,95％ CI:0.024-0.640,P=0.013).Conclusions Intraoperative pelvic adhesion negatively affects the pregnancy outcomes of patients diagnosed with tubal ectopic pregnancy who have received fresh double cleavage-stage embryo transfer,and is an independent prognosis factor for postoperative live birth within 6 years.Improving pelvic adhesion and preventing pelvic inflammatory disease are beneficial for refining fertility outcome after surgery.

Ectopic pregnancy is one of the most common adverse pregnancy outcomes during first trimester, and is generally believed to be caused by disorders of the fallopian tube, the endometrium and the embryo, accompanying genetic, environmental, immune, pathogen infection and other endocrine abnormalities. With the development of the macro genome sequencing, the female genital tract flora was confirmed to be closely linked with the establishment of endometrium receptivity, the regulation of genital tract inflammation and maintaining immune environment stability. It also plays an essential role in ovulation, fertilization, embryo transport and implantation. Studies suggested that genital tract dysbiosis might cause adverse pregnancy outcomes such as infertility, miscarriage, preterm birth, and ectopic pregnancy, which severely endanger women's security and safety. It suggests that genital tract microbiota may be associated with impaired functions of the reproductive system that potentially lead to ectopic pregnancy. This article mainly summarizes the research progress of the correlation between female genital tract microbiota and ectopic pregnancy, discusses the normal composition of genital tract microbiota and the potential mechanism of ectopic pregnancy caused by microbiota dysbiosis, so as to provide reference for clinical intervention.

Ectopic pregnancy is one of the most common adverse pregnancy outcomes during first trimester, and is generally believed to be caused by disorders of the fallopian tube, the endometrium and the embryo, accompanying genetic, environmental, immune, pathogen infection and other endocrine abnormalities. With the development of the macro genome sequencing, the female genital tract flora was confirmed to be closely linked with the establishment of endometrium receptivity, the regulation of genital tract inflammation and maintaining immune environment stability. It also plays an essential role in ovulation, fertilization, embryo transport and implantation. Studies suggested that genital tract dysbiosis might cause adverse pregnancy outcomes such as infertility, miscarriage, preterm birth, and ectopic pregnancy, which severely endanger women's security and safety. It suggests that genital tract microbiota may be associated with impaired functions of the reproductive system that potentially lead to ectopic pregnancy. This article mainly summarizes the research progress of the correlation between female genital tract microbiota and ectopic pregnancy, discusses the normal composition of genital tract microbiota and the potential mechanism of ectopic pregnancy caused by microbiota dysbiosis, so as to provide reference for clinical intervention.

Objective:To explore the effect of information-based health education on stress response and examination success rate of patients undergoing enhanced CT examination.Methods:A total of 1 064 patients who underwent enhanced CT examination in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March 2017 to February 2020 were selected as research objects by the convenient sampling method. A total of 554 patients who underwent enhanced CT examination from March 2017 to August 2018 were selected as the routine group and received routine health education. A total of 510 patients who underwent enhanced CT examination from September 2018 to February 2020 were selected as the information group to implement information-based health education. Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to investigate patients in the two groups. The examination success rate, examination quality, physical and mental stress response and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:The success rate and quality of enhanced CT examination in the information group were higher than those in the routine group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After intervention, the SAS score, SDS score, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure in the information technology group were lower than those in the conventional group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Information-based health education can improve the quality of enhanced CT examination, improve the success rate of examinations and reduce the incidence of physical and mental stress and adverse reactions in patients.

Intense utilization and mining of fossil fuels for energy production have resulted in environmental pollution and climate change. Compared to fossil fuels, microalgae is considered as a promising candidate for biodiesel production due to its fast growth rate, high lipid content and no occupying arable land. However, monocultural microalgae bear high cost of harvesting, and are prone to contamination, making them incompetent compared with traditional renewable energy sources. Co-culture system induces self-flocculation, which may reduce the cost of microalgae harvesting and the possibility of contamination. In addition, the productivity of lipid and high-value by-products are higher in co-culture system. Therefore, co-culture system represents an economic, energy saving, and efficient technology. This review aims to highlight the advances in the co-culture system, including the mechanisms of interactions between microalgae and other microorganisms, the factors affecting the lipid production of co-culture, and the potential applications of co-culture system. Finally, the prospects and challenges to algal co-culture systems were also discussed.
Biofuels ; Biomass ; Coculture Techniques ; Flocculation ; Microalgae

Objective:To explore the effect of video stereoscopic health education combined with biofeedback relaxation training in computed tomography (CT) examination patients.Methods:From July 2018 to December 2019, we selected 300 patients who underwent cardiac CT examinations in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. All patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 150 cases in each group. Both groups of patients received routine care and video stereoscopic health education, and observation group added biofeedback relaxation training intervention on this basis. We compared the coordination of patients, occurrence of adverse events during the examination and the operation time between two groups.Results:The degree of cooperation of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant between two groups ( Hc=27.31, P<0.05) . The occurrence of adverse events during the examination in observation group was 2.67% (4/150) and that in control group was 8.00% (12/150) with a statistical difference (χ 2=4.225, P<0.05) . The operation time of observation group and control group was (5.48±2.34) min and (8.45±2.47) min respectively also with a statistical difference ( t=10.691, P<0.05) . The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Combined biofeedback relaxation training can improve the coordination of patients during the examination, reduce the operation time and the occurrence of adverse events during the examination which has good effects.

Objective:To investigate the impact of uterine volume prior to fresh embryo transfer on reproductive outcomes in infertile patients with adenomyosis.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted for the clinical data of patients diagnosed with adenomyosis and aged ≤40 years undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) with ultra-long downregulation stimulation protocol in Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Peking University Third Hospital between January 2009 and December 2018. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between uterine volume and clinical outcomes. Study subjects were divided into three groups based on uterine volume before embryo transfer: group A 56-90 cm 3 (equivalent to uterine size within 6 weeks of pregnancy); group B 90-130 cm 3 (equivalent to 6-8 weeks gestation); group C ≥130 cm 3 (equivalent to uterine size greater than 8 weeks gestation), the effect of uterine volume on clinical outcomes was compared. Results:Totally 232 patients were included, 153 patients in group A, 52 patients in group B, 27 patients in group C. The data showed no statistical difference among the three groups in basic characteristics ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate among three groups ( P>0.05). The incidence of miscarriage among three groups were significantly different [group A, 24.59% (15/61); group B, 64.71% (11/17); group C, 55.56% (5/9), P=0.018]. Compared with group A [30.07% (46/153)], the live birth rate of group B [11.54% (6/52)] was significantly reduced ( P=0.009). Logistic regression analysis showed that uterine volume before ET was not related to clinical pregnancy rate ( OR=0.762, 95% CI=0.481-1.208, P=0.248), and was positively related to miscarriage rate ( OR=2.822, 95% CI=1.165-6.835, P=0.022) while negatively correlated with live birth rate ( OR=0.458, 95% CI=0.238-0.881, P=0.019). Conclusion:An increased level of uterine volume prior to embryo transfer (especially larger than 90 cm 3) increases miscarriage rate and reduces the live birth rate in infertile patients with adenomyosis. Therefore, controlling uterine volume is still a key to improve the clinical outcome of IVF-ET in adenomyosis patients.

Objective:To investigate the impact of uterine volume prior to fresh embryo transfer on reproductive outcomes in infertile patients with adenomyosis.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted for the clinical data of patients diagnosed with adenomyosis and aged ≤40 years undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) with ultra-long downregulation stimulation protocol in Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Peking University Third Hospital between January 2009 and December 2018. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between uterine volume and clinical outcomes. Study subjects were divided into three groups based on uterine volume before embryo transfer: group A 56-90 cm 3 (equivalent to uterine size within 6 weeks of pregnancy); group B 90-130 cm 3 (equivalent to 6-8 weeks gestation); group C ≥130 cm 3 (equivalent to uterine size greater than 8 weeks gestation), the effect of uterine volume on clinical outcomes was compared. Results:Totally 232 patients were included, 153 patients in group A, 52 patients in group B, 27 patients in group C. The data showed no statistical difference among the three groups in basic characteristics ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate among three groups ( P>0.05). The incidence of miscarriage among three groups were significantly different [group A, 24.59% (15/61); group B, 64.71% (11/17); group C, 55.56% (5/9), P=0.018]. Compared with group A [30.07% (46/153)], the live birth rate of group B [11.54% (6/52)] was significantly reduced ( P=0.009). Logistic regression analysis showed that uterine volume before ET was not related to clinical pregnancy rate ( OR=0.762, 95% CI=0.481-1.208, P=0.248), and was positively related to miscarriage rate ( OR=2.822, 95% CI=1.165-6.835, P=0.022) while negatively correlated with live birth rate ( OR=0.458, 95% CI=0.238-0.881, P=0.019). Conclusion:An increased level of uterine volume prior to embryo transfer (especially larger than 90 cm 3) increases miscarriage rate and reduces the live birth rate in infertile patients with adenomyosis. Therefore, controlling uterine volume is still a key to improve the clinical outcome of IVF-ET in adenomyosis patients.