Objective:To explore the correlation between phase angle, determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and common chronic metabolic diseases in centrally obese individuals, aiming to assess the role of phase angle as a potential biomarker in screening for and preventing common chronic metabolic diseases associated with central obesity.Methods:In this retrospectivel study, body composition measurement was conducted among centrally obese patients attending the outpatient clinic of the Department of Clinical Nutrition of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from July 2022 to May 2024, along with the collection of current medical histories. The subjects were divided into three groups from Q1 to Q3 according to the tertiles of phase angle (Q1 group: phase angle<5.1°; Q2 group: phase angle≥5.1° but <5.6°; and Q3 group: phase angle>5.6°), and the prevalence of metabolic diseases and the differences in body compositions were compared among these three groups. Pearson's correlation was used to analyse the potential associations of phase angle and each body composition with common chronic metabolic diseases.Results:A total of 3 476 centrally obese individuals (1 141 males and 2 335 females) were included in the study. The Q1 group had significantly older age [(45.0±15.1) years vs. (36.1±10.0) years], higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (23.9% vs. 17.3%), higher body fat percentage [(41.80%±6.36%) vs. (36.81%±7.21%)], and larger visceral fat area [(171.43±43.46) cm2 vs. (157.57±47.05) cm2] but significantly lower body mass index [(29.98±4.93) kg/m2 vs. (32.57±4.94) kg/m2], basal metabolic rate [(5 692.12±653.33) kJ/d vs. (6 809.04±923.49) kJ/d], skeletal muscle index [(7.16±0.86) kg/m2 vs. (8.60±0.94) kg/m2], body cell mass [(29.47±4.63)(38.18±6.70) kg], and waist-to-hip ratio [(0.972±0.069) vs. (0.977±0.063)] than the Q3 group (all P<0.001). However, there were no significant differences in the prevalence rates of hypertension and dyslipidemia among the three groups (all P>0.05). Among female centrally obese patients, those with all three metabolic diseases had significantly smaller phase angle (4.85°±0.54°) than those with 1-2 metabolic diseases (5.10°±0.62°) and those without metabolic diseases (5.17°±0.55°) (both P<0.001). Among T2DM patients receiving different treatment regimens, phase angle was significantly smaller in the insulin treatment group and the combined treatment group than in the lifestyle intervention group and oral hypoglycemic medication group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Phase angle is an effective indicator of T2DM in centrally obese individuals and has potential clinical value in the screening and evaluation of metabolic diseases in centrally obese individuals.

Objective:To explore the correlation between phase angle, determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and common chronic metabolic diseases in centrally obese individuals, aiming to assess the role of phase angle as a potential biomarker in screening for and preventing common chronic metabolic diseases associated with central obesity.Methods:In this retrospectivel study, body composition measurement was conducted among centrally obese patients attending the outpatient clinic of the Department of Clinical Nutrition of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from July 2022 to May 2024, along with the collection of current medical histories. The subjects were divided into three groups from Q1 to Q3 according to the tertiles of phase angle (Q1 group: phase angle<5.1°; Q2 group: phase angle≥5.1° but <5.6°; and Q3 group: phase angle>5.6°), and the prevalence of metabolic diseases and the differences in body compositions were compared among these three groups. Pearson's correlation was used to analyse the potential associations of phase angle and each body composition with common chronic metabolic diseases.Results:A total of 3 476 centrally obese individuals (1 141 males and 2 335 females) were included in the study. The Q1 group had significantly older age [(45.0±15.1) years vs. (36.1±10.0) years], higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (23.9% vs. 17.3%), higher body fat percentage [(41.80%±6.36%) vs. (36.81%±7.21%)], and larger visceral fat area [(171.43±43.46) cm2 vs. (157.57±47.05) cm2] but significantly lower body mass index [(29.98±4.93) kg/m2 vs. (32.57±4.94) kg/m2], basal metabolic rate [(5 692.12±653.33) kJ/d vs. (6 809.04±923.49) kJ/d], skeletal muscle index [(7.16±0.86) kg/m2 vs. (8.60±0.94) kg/m2], body cell mass [(29.47±4.63)(38.18±6.70) kg], and waist-to-hip ratio [(0.972±0.069) vs. (0.977±0.063)] than the Q3 group (all P<0.001). However, there were no significant differences in the prevalence rates of hypertension and dyslipidemia among the three groups (all P>0.05). Among female centrally obese patients, those with all three metabolic diseases had significantly smaller phase angle (4.85°±0.54°) than those with 1-2 metabolic diseases (5.10°±0.62°) and those without metabolic diseases (5.17°±0.55°) (both P<0.001). Among T2DM patients receiving different treatment regimens, phase angle was significantly smaller in the insulin treatment group and the combined treatment group than in the lifestyle intervention group and oral hypoglycemic medication group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Phase angle is an effective indicator of T2DM in centrally obese individuals and has potential clinical value in the screening and evaluation of metabolic diseases in centrally obese individuals.