Objective: To examine the associations of pet ownership and daily outdoor activity duration with depressive symptoms in middle school students, so as to provide evidence for targeted prevention strategies of depressive symptoms in middle school students. Methods: Using a stratified cluster random sampling method, 83 601 middle and high school students from 103 districts and counties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were selected in 2024. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect demographic data, household pet ownership, outdoor activity duration, and depressive symptoms of the research subjects. The comparison of reporting rates of depressive symptoms among different groups of middle school students was conducted using a χ 2 test. The association between pet ownership and outdoor activity duration and depressive symptoms among middle school students was evaluated using a Logistic regression model, and stratified analysis was conducted among different genders and regions to control for potential confounding factors and evaluate the stability of the association. Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms among middleschool students in Inner Mongolia was 17.2%. Significant differences in depressive symptom reporting rates were observed across sex, grade, ethnicity, surveillance site, parental education, menarche/spermarche status, boarding status, smoking and alcohol use, daily breakfast consumption, school bullying, continuous 30 minute headphone use in a noisy environment, and often use the Internet ( χ 2=8.07-2 672.57, all P <0.01). Both pet ownership ( OR =0.78, 95% CI =0.75-0.81) and ≥2 h/d of outdoor activity( OR =0.81, 95% CI =0.78-0.84) were inversely associated with depressive symptoms;compared to the without owning pets and < 2 h of outdoor activity daily group, students who both owned pets and engaged in ≥2 h of outdoor activity daily had an even lower risk ( OR =0.83, 95% CI =0.78-0.87)(all P <0.05). Conclusion Pet ownership and increased daily outdoor activity duration may help mitigate depressive symptoms among middle school students.

Objective:To analyze antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) of interferon (IFN)-α2b and IFN-λ1 on Hep2 cells and human airway epithelial (HAE) cells.Methods:IFN-α2b or IFN-λ1 was incubated with Hep2 cells after RSV infection, and 48 hours later, the cytopathic effect was observed, the viral load was determined using real time/reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT qPCR), RSV F protein expression was detected using immunofluorescence, and cell survival rate was detected using crystal violet. HAE cells were incubated with IFN-α2b or IFN-λ1 for 24 hours, and then HAE were challenged with RSV. The viral load in the culture supernatant was determined on days 1-7 using RT qPCR, RSV F protein was determined with immunofluorescence and the viral titers in the culture supernatant was detected on day 7 by plaque assay.Results:In Hep2 cells, the CPE of the treatment groups (IFN-α2b and IFN-λ1) was alleviated compared to the virus control group, and the CPE of the high concentration group was lighter than that of the low concentration group. Different concentrations of IFN-α2b and IFN-λ1 could significantly reduce the viral load of RSV ( P<0.001), and the viral load of the high concentration group was significantly lower than that of the low concentration group ( P<0.001). In addition, IFN-α2b and IFN-λ1 could reduce the RSV F protein expression after RSV infection and improve cell survival rate. In HAE cells, IFN-α2b and IFN-λ1 could inhibit RSV virus replication, reduce virus titers ( P<0.001) and reduce RSV F protein expression. Conclusions:IFN-α2b and IFN-λ1 both showed great antiviral activity against RSV in Hep2 and HAE cells, providing data reference for the study of interferon against respiratory viruses.

The development of longitudinal cohorts has made the identification and surveillance of multiple biological markers and behavioral factors which influence disease course or health status become possible. However, traditional statistical methods typically use univariate longitudinal data for research, failing to fully exploit the information from multivariate longitudinal data. The group-based multi-trajectory model (GBMTM) emerged as a method to study the developmental trajectory of multivariate data in recent years. GBMTM has distinct advantages in analyzing multivariate longitudinal data by identifying potential subgroups of populations following similar trajectories by multiple indicators that influence the outcome of interest. In this study, we introduced the application of GBMTM by explaining the fundamental principles and using the data from a health management study in the elderly by using smart wearing equipment to investigate the relationship between multiple life-related variables and hypertension to promote the wider use of GBMTM in longitudinal cohort studies.

The incidence of falls, as well as the consequent fear of falling among aged hemodialysis patients, is notably high. Such fear contributes to both psychosomatic damage and a diminished quality of life, constituting a significant risk factor for mortality in this demographic. This article comprehensively reviews the overview of fear of falling in aged hemodialysis patients, its effects on these individuals, the current prevalence, influencing factors, and intervention measures. It aims to provide a scientific foundation for formulating effective strategies to counteract the fear of falling in aged hemodialysis patients.

Objective To construct models of viral transfection and hypoxia/reoxygenation induced cellular injury in adult mouse cardiomyocytes(AMCMs)isolated using a non-Langendorff method.Methods AMCMs were isolated,extracted,sedimented,and plated using a non-Langendorff method.The morphology and survival rate of the isolated cells were evaluated 2,24,48 and 72 h after plating,and their integrity was observed by immunofluorescence staining for α-actinin.The isolated AMCMs were infected with adenoviruses carrying an RFP-expressing vector and fluorescence images were obtained at 36 and 48 h post-infection and used to calculate transfection efficiency.The cells were cultured under hypoxic conditions for 45 min,reoxygenated for 24 h,and then stained with propidium iodide(PI)to verify establishment of the hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model.Results The survival rates of AMCMs at 2,24 and 48 h after plating were comparable,but survival was significantly reduced at 72 h.The integrity of the AMCMs was good and＞80%of the cells were transfected with adenovirus at 48 h.After hypoxia/reoxygenation treatment,42%of cells were stained by PI,suggesting successful establishment of the AMCM injury model.Conclusions In this study,we developed a non-Langendorff method for the fast and easy isolation of AMCMs with high cell viability.The isolated cells can be efficiently infected with adenovirus and respond to hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.These findings provide a systematic method for isolating AMCMs and for applying gene modification and hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in these cells.

Objective To investigate the correlation of glucose and blood lipid metabolism in elderly patients with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection complicated with metabolic syndrome (MS), and to provide theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of MS patients. Methods A total of 176 elderly MS patients treated in our hospital from February 2020 to February 2021 were selected. Uremic [¹³C] tablet breath test kit was used to determine Hp infection. According to Hp infection, they were divided into Hp positive group (n=59) and Hp negative group (n=117). Glucose metabolism indexes (FBG, 2hPG, HbA1c, FINS) and serum lipid metabolism indexes (TC, HDL-C, LDL-C) were determined in all subjects. Risk factors of Hp infection in MS patients were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted between sreum LDL-C, HbA1c and FINS levels and DOB value in MS patients. Results The levels of FBG, 2hPG, HbA1c, FINS and LDL-C in Hp positive group were significantly higher than those in Hp negative group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in LDL-C and TC between Hp positive group and Hp negative group (P>0.05). It showed that LDL-C, HbA1c and FINS were independent risk factors for Hp infection in MS patients (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that There was a positive correlation between DOB and LDL-C, HbA1c and FINS levels in MS patients (r=0.475,0.512,0.459,P<0.05). Conclusion Hp infection can affect glucose and lipid metabolism in elderly MS patients, and there is a close relationship between Hp infection and ldL-C, HbA1c and FINS levels in elderly MS patients.

Objective:To explore the application effect of dyadic intervention scheme based on dyadic disease management theory and Information, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice model in the discharge preparation of elderly stroke patients and family caregivers.Methods:The 92 pairs of elderly stroke patients and their caregivers hospitalized in the Department of Neurology in People′s Hospital of Zhengzhou University were conveniently selected. The non synchronous control method quasi experimental research was adopted. Totally 46 pairs of subjects who met the criteria for admission and discharge from May to July 2022 were set as the control group, and routine nursing was carried out; from August to October 2022, 46 pairs of subjects who met the criteria for admission and emission were set as the observation group to implement the dyadic intervention program. The scores of discharge readiness, self-efficacy and unplanned readmission rate of patients between the two groups were compared, and the scores of caregiver readiness, self-efficacy and caregiver stress between the two groups were compared.Results:Finally, 85 pairs of subjects completed the study, with 42 pairs in the control group and 43 pairs in the observation group. On discharge day, the total scores of discharge readiness and caregiver readiness in the observation group were (95.19 ± 4.47), (23.02 ± 2.20) points, respectively, which were higher than those in the control group (85.71 ± 5.31), (19.57 ± 1.65) points, with statistically significant differences ( t=8.91,8.16, both P<0.01); the self-efficacy levels of patients in the observation group at discharge and one month after discharge, as well as those of caregivers at discharge and one month after discharge were (73.86 ± 4.87), (75.91 ± 4.51), (75.67 ± 4.99), (79.21 ± 4.90) points, respectively, higher than those in the control group (71.62 ± 5.19), (73.33 ± 4.91), (73.48 ± 4.24), (75.48 ± 4.24) points, with statistically significant differences ( t values were from 2.05 to 3.75, all P<0.05); the pressure levels of caregivers in the observation group at discharge and one month after discharge were (7.51 ± 2.48), (6.28 ± 1.99) points, respectively, lower than those in the control group (8.76 ± 2.55), (7.45 ± 2.36) points, with statistically significant differences ( t=-2.29, -2.48, both P<0.05); the unplanned readmission rate of patients in the observation group one month after discharge was 7.0% (3/43), lower than the control group′s 23.8% (10/42), with statistically significant difference ( χ2=4.65, P<0.05). Conclusions:The implementation of dyadic intervention on elderly stroke patients and caregivers can make their discharge preparation process more adequate, thus reducing the caregiver′s care pressure, reducing the unplanned readmission rate of patients, and improving their health outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) and to analyze the genetic variation.Methods:A total of 2 848 nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPAs) specimens were collected from hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) in Beijing Friendship Hospital from April 2017 to March 2019, and HBoV1 was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Epidemiological analysis was carried out based on the clinical information of the patients. The nested PCR method was used to amplify the NP1 and VP1 genes of HBoV1 for homology analysis. Maximum clade credibility tree (MCC tree) and genetic polymorphism map were constructed to analyze the time evolution of HBoV1 VP1.Results:HBoV1 was detected in 90(3.16%) of 2 848 NPAs, most (93.33%, 84/90) HBoV1-positive cases were among children <5 years of age. HBoV1 could be detected throughout the year with a higher prevalence 7.23% (18/249) in October. Of the 90 HBoV1-infected cases, the main clinical symptoms were fever and cough, 44(48.89%) were co-infected with other respiratory viruses; 55 NP1 sequences and 47 VP1 sequences were obtained by nested PCR amplification, phylogenetic analysis showed that the nucleotide homology was 98.9%~-100% and 99.1%~-100%, respectively. MCC tree showed that the HBoV1 VP1 gene sequence obtained in this study appeared in two adjacent clades, the gene evolution was stable.Conclusions:HBoV1 is one of the common viruses that cause respiratory infection among children in Beijing. HBoV1 genetic evolution is relatively stable, but it still needs to be monitored continuously.

Objective:To study the sequence characteristics and genetic variation of a human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) subtype A genome in Beijing.Methods:The genomic RNA of HRSV from nasopharyngeal aspirate samples was sequenced and obtained a whole genome sequence of HRSV A subtype. The phylogenetic tree was constructed with reference sequences of other HRSV strains. The major proteins were compared and single nucleotide polymorphism analyzed. In addition, the N-glycosylationsites of F and G protein were predicted.Results:Phylogenetic tree and homology analysis results suggest that the HRSV strain (RSVA/Beijing-China/2017) was the A subtype ON1 genotype. Nucleotide and amino acid variation analysis showed that G protein, F protein and L protein had some substitutions. Analysis of amino acid variation sites showed that amino acid substitution (L142S) occurred at position 142 of G protein. For F protein, there were two substitutions, which were S105N in the P27 peptide (110-136aa) and C69Y in the antigen sites ? (62-69 aa and 196-210 aa). The prediction of N-glycosylation sites revealed that there were 5 N-glycosylation sites of F protein and 4 N-glycosylation sites of G protein in this strain.Conclusions:The HRSV strain obtained in Beijing belongs to A subtype ON1 genotype. The G, F and L proteins have large variations, and 22 amino acid substitutions have occurred in the G and F proteins.

Objective: To understand the AIDS awareness and related factors as well as the demands for AIDS-related health education programs, among first-grade students from three senior high schools in Tianjin. Methods: A cross-sectional study using both stratified cluster and convenient sampling methods was conducted. Anonymous questionnaires including social demographic characteristics, AIDS-related knowledge and needs for AIDS health education were distributed to the first-grade students from two general middle schools and one vocational senior middle school in Tianjin. Results: A total of 1 082 students were responding to the questionnaires. Among them, the overall awareness rates of AIDS-related knowledge were 34.3%(371/1 082), 71.9%(778/1 082) of the students had received knowledge about AIDS and 59.4% (643/1 082) of the students had received knowledge about sexual health in the past, from the three schools. There appeared statistical differences among the two types of schools. 7.0% (76/1 082) of the students reported having had sexual behaviors. Results from the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, in vocational senior middle school, the awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was lower (compared with general middle school, OR=0.41, 95%CI: 0.29-0.59) and in the following items, including no need in receiving safe sex health knowledge (compared with needs of safe sex health knowledge, OR=0.62, 95%CI: 0.43-0.91), no interests in reading AIDS-related health education materials (compared with attention to AIDS health education materials, OR=0.41, 95%CI: 0.30-0.56), not aware of safe sex behavior (compared with aware of safe sex behavior, OR=0.55, 95%CI: 0.39-0.77), not aware of correct condom use, compared with aware of correct condom use (OR=0.33, 95%CI: 0.24-0.46). Conclusions The overall awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was low among the first-grade students in Tianjin. Some students reported of already having had insertive sex, sexual health knowledge has a significant impact on AIDS knowledge, suggesting that sexual health education and AIDS health education among high school students be strengthened in Tianjin.