Objective To investigate the radon activity concentrations in subways of Nanning City and assess the average annual effective doses for subway staff and passengers due to radon exposure. Methods Sixty-three stations across the subway lines 2, 3, and 5 were selected as study sites. Radon activity concentrations were measured using the scintillation counting method with scintillation vials. Results The radon activity concentrations in subway lines 2, 3, and 5 were 7.9-24.4, 12.0-26.2, and 12.6-18.2 Bq/m³, respectively. The average radon activity concentrations for these three lines were (17.4 ± 4.6), (19.1 ± 4.1), and (14.6 ± 1.7) Bq/m³, respectively. Statistical analysis using SPSS 26.0 software revealed a significant difference in radon activity concentrations among these stations (P<0.01). Considering the data in previous research, the average radon activity concentration across all stations in the subway lines of Nanning City was determined to be 17.4 Bq/m³. The estimated average annual effective dose due to radon exposure was 0.131 mSv for subway staff and 0.033 mSv for passengers. Conclusion The radon activity concentrations in the subway lines of Nanning City were significantly lower than the national standard limit (400 Bq/m³). The annual effective doses from radon exposure for both subway staff and passengers were below the limits specified in the Basic Standards for Protection Against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources (GB18871—2002). The health impact of radon and its progeny on subway staff and passengers in the subway lines of Nanning City was extremely low and can be considered negligible.

With the continuous deepening of the concept of precision diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer, how to achieve higher efficiency and accuracy in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment pathways in clinical practice has become an important issue that urgently needs to be overcome. The current clinical difficulty lies in the fact that despite continuous advancements in imaging and molecular diagnostic technologies, there are still limitations in manual efficiency and subjective experience when it comes to massive data analysis and multi-scale feature extraction. Artificial intelligence (AI), especially algorithm systems based on deep learning, is an innovative technology capable of deeply empowering medical big data. This method utilizes algorithms such as convolutional neural networks, combined with radiomics, pathomics, and multi-modal data fusion analysis, demonstrating immense potential in early precise detection and benign-malignant differentiation of pulmonary nodules, digital pathological subtype recognition and non-invasive prediction of driver genes, precise 3D surgical planning and automatic delineation of radiotherapy target volumes, as well as dynamic risk warning during follow-up. This innovative technology provides a brand-new solution for realizing intelligent and individualized lung cancer diagnosis and treatment models. This consensus, based on the latest evidence from evidence-based medicine and combined with the development trends in the AI field and real-world clinical needs, was ultimately formed by gathering the consensus opinions of multidisciplinary experts in radiology, pathology, thoracic surgery, and other fields. The main content covers the application specifications of AI in the three core scenarios of lung cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment, the technical standards for data collection and algorithm validation, as well as the ethical and regulatory challenges faced at the current stage. It aims to clarify the applicable boundaries of AI as a clinical auxiliary decision support tool, providing scientific guidance and standardized exploration directions for peers currently engaged in or planning to carry out AI-assisted clinical diagnosis, treatment, and translation of lung cancer.

Objective:To explore the causes and preventive measures of respiratory arrest following general anesthesia in children with obstructive sleep apnea （OSA）, in order to enhance the safety of OSA surgeries under general anesthesia. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and follow-up data of four pediatric cases that experienced respiratory arrest after general anesthesia for OSA at Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University from March 2020 to March 2022. Results:All four children exhibited varying degrees of decreased blood oxygen saturation, cyanosis, and loss of consciousness after OSA surgery under general anesthesia, with one case experiencing respiratory and cardiac arrest. Through emergency rescue measures such as oxygen supplementation, suctioning, positive pressure ventilation, awakening, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, all four children were stabilized. Follow-up after 2 to 6 months showed no complications. The main reasons for the occurrence are analyzed as: residual anesthetic drugs, characteristics of the OSA disease, and the unique aspects of the pediatric population. Conclusion:Children undergoing general anesthesia for OSA should be closely monitored for vital signs after surgery. If respiratory suppression occurs, active rescue measures should be taken to avoid serious consequences.
Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/surgery* ; Anesthesia, General/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies ; Child ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control* ; Male ; Female ; Child, Preschool

Vocal cord paralysis （ VCP ） refers to the movement disorder of the vocal cord caused by the damage of the motor nerve conduction pathway that dominates the laryngeal muscles, which can be accompanied by sensory nerve disorder of the larynx. Symptoms of bilateral vocal cord paralysis include crying hoarseness, sucking cough, and laryngeal stridor, which can lead to asphyxia in severe cases. Our team recently used CO2 laser to treat such children, but the prognosis varies significantly. Case 1: A 2-year-old male, who had undergone tracheotomy 2 years prior, was diagnosed with "bilateral vocal cord paralysis with grade Ⅱ laryngeal obstruction" after birth. He maintained a tracheostomy until recently. Electronic laryngoscopy showed that the bilateral vocal cords were fixed in the midline, with a glottic fissure of about 1 mm. After surgical treatment, the outcome was good, and there was no recurrence during follow-up. A 1-year-old female, who had undergone tracheotomy over a year ago, was diagnosed with ' ①bilateral vocal cord paralysis; ②laryngomalacia; ③neonatal pneumonia.' She maintained a tracheostomy since then. Electronic laryngoscopy revealed that the bilateral vocal cords were retracted and fixed, with a glottic fissure of about 0.5 mm and limited vocal cord abduction. The postoperative outcome for this child was not good, and the tracheostomy tube was not removed.
Humans ; Vocal Cord Paralysis/surgery* ; Male ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Laser Therapy ; Infant

The advancement of tissue clearing technology has significantly propelled neuroscience research. Nevertheless, the fluorescent proteins used in traditional transgenic mouse strains were not specifically optimized for tissue clearing procedures, resulting in a substantial decrease in fluorescent intensity after clearing. In this study, we developed the Ci1 reporter mouse strain (where Ci stands for the Chinese Institute for Brain Research, CIBR) based on the bright red fluorescent protein mScarlet. The Ci1 reporter exhibits no fluorescence leakage in various organs or tissue types and can be readily crossed with multiple tissue-specific Cre lines. Compared to the Ai14 mouse strain, the Ci1 reporter strain demonstrates lower non-specific leakage, stronger fluorescence intensity in different tissues, and better preservation of fluorescence following tissue clearing treatment. The creation of the Ci1 reporter provides a more effective tool for both neuroscience and other biomedical research applications.
Animals ; Luminescent Proteins/metabolism* ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mice ; Red Fluorescent Protein ; Brain/metabolism* ; Genes, Reporter ; Fluorescence

Objective To investigate the impact of Astragaloside-IV (AS-IV) on the progression of myocardial infarction (MI) through macrophage-dependent mechanisms by regulating Snail1 lactylation and acetylation, as well as the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway. Methods Oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) was used to establish an in vitro myocardial ischemia model in rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2), which were then treated with AS-IV. Cell viability was assessed using CCK-8, apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry, and LDH levels were measured to assess cellular damage. RAW246.7 cells were treated with LPS, and lactate levels in the supernatant were measured using ELISA, while expression of macrophage phenotype markers was evaluated using Western blot. RAW246.7 cell-conditioned medium (CM) was co-cultured with H9c2 cells to assess the protective effects of AS-IV on macrophage CM-mediated H9c2 damage. RAW246.7 cells were induced to differentiate into M1-like macrophages using LPS (100 ng/mL) + IFN-γ (20 ng/mL), and Snail1 was overexpressed in M1 macrophages. Transfected M1 macrophage CM was co-cultured with H9c2 cells to validate the mechanisms of AS-IV in MI. An MI rat model was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), and was treated with AS-IV. Cardiac function, myocardial cell apoptosis, and cardiac tissue pathology were studied using echocardiography, TUNEL, and HE staining, respectively. Results Compared to the OGD group, AS-IV treatment promoted cell viability, reduced apoptosis and decreased LDH release. LPS upregulated lactate levels in the supernatant of RAW246.7 cell cultures and induced polarization of RAW246.7 cells to the M1 phenotype. AS-IV attenuated the damaging effects of RAW246.7 cell CM on H9c2 cells . Overexpression of Snail1 in M1 macrophages weakened the protective effects of AS-IV on H9c2 cells . In vivo study, results showed that, compared to the MI group, AS-IV treatment reduced lactate levels in the hearts of MI rats, improved cardiac function and myocardial injury and attenuated myocardial cell apoptosis. Conclusion AS-IV inhibits TGF-β pathway activation through the suppression of Snail1 lactylation and acetylation in a macrophage-dependent manner, thereby mitigating myocardial cell damage following MI.
Animals ; Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy* ; Rats ; Snail Family Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Macrophages/cytology* ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism* ; Triterpenes/pharmacology* ; Saponins/pharmacology* ; Acetylation/drug effects* ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Mice ; Cell Line ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE To provide standardized whole-process guidance on drug traceability codes for medical institutions in Sichuan province， ensuring medication safety and compliance with medical insurance supervision requirements. METHODS Based on evidence-based principles and expert consensus， Expert Consensus on Whole-process Management of Drug Traceability Codes in Medical Institutions of Sichuan Province （hereinafter referred to as the Consensus） was formulated through systematic literature review， field investigations， establishment of a multidisciplinary expert committee and multiple rounds of questionnare consultation via the modified Delphi method， and finalized through consensus meetings. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The Consensus clarifies key operating procedures for code verification， code assignment and code return， whole-process operational standards for drug warehouse acceptance and storage， drug warehouse outbound delivery and pharmacy acceptance check， drug distribution and dispensing in pharmacy and intravenous admixture center， medication administration in nursing units and examination departments， as well as drug return process. Key recommendations are proposed such as improving the core functions of the drug traceability system， unifying the hospital-wide traceability code database， strengthening the management of traceability codes for backup medications， establishing a management organization and institutional framework， and optimizing the architectural design and data governance requirements of the drug traceability system. The release of the Consensus will provide scientific， standardized and implementable practical guidelines for medical institutions of Sichuan province， helping to improve closed-loop management of the drug traceability system， strengthen medication safety and fulfil medical insurance fund supervision.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Yishen Shengyang formula in allergic rhinitis(AR)by regulating the transcription factor BTB and CNC homology 2(Bach2)to promote regulatory T cell(Treg cell)differentiation.Methods AR mouse models were established via ovalbumin(OVA)sensitization and randomly divided into control group,AR model group(AR group),Yishen Shengyang formula group and dexamethasone group.Nasal symptoms were evaluated using behavioral scores;Histopathological changes in nasal mucosa were observed via hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid Schiff stain;Serum levels of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE),interleukin-4(IL-4),and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay;Splenic Treg proportions were analyzed via flow cytometry;Bach2 protein expression was assessed by Western blot.Results Compared with control group,AR group mice showed significantly increased behavioral scores(P<0.05),goblet cell hyperplasia,inflammatory infiltration,elevated OVA-sIgE and IL-4 levels(P<0.05),reduced TGF-β(P<0.05),and decreased splenic Treg proportions and Bach2 expression(P<0.05).Yishen Shengyang formula treatment alleviated nasal symptoms(P<0.05),mitigated mucosal damage,decreased OVA-sIgE and IL-4,increased TGF-β(P<0.05),and upregulated Treg proportions and Bach2 expression(P<0.05),with efficacy comparable to dexamethasone.Conclusion Yishen Shengyang formula demonstrates potential therapeutic effects on allergic rhinitis by upregulating Bach2 expression and promoting Treg cell differentiation.This study provides a novel strategy and experimental basis for the traditional Chinese medicine treatment of AR.

Objective:To investigate the management of cancer pain and the clinical practices of hospice care across 11 cities in Zhejiang Province.Methods:From May 22 to 29, 2023, the Zhejiang Provincial Health Commission conducted a survey to assess the current status of hospice care practitioners regarding cancer pain management, the practices employed by medical staff in managing cancer pain, and the understanding of medical personnel concerning self-controlled analgesia for cancer pain treatment in Zhejiang Province.Results:A total of 505 questionnaires were collected from 198 hospitals across 11 cities in the province.Among the medical staff in secondary and tertiary medical institutions, 85.71%(198 out of 231)participated in the management of cancer pain in patients.Oral analgesics emerged as the most commonly used treatment for pain outbreaks, accounting for 38.53%(89 out of 231)of cases.Additionally, 37.66%(87 out of 231)of medical personnel were involved in the development of self-controlled analgesia devices within their institutions.Conclusions:In the management of cancer pain within hospice care, it is essential to enhance the theoretical training of medical staff, ensure the availability of basic analgesic medications, and establish standardized management protocols for the entire process as promptly as possible.