Aging has emerged as a cutting edge and hotspot in global life science field， with anti-aging and geriatric disease prevention and treatment becoming critical issues urgently demanding solutions in international medical communities. In the face of the challenge of accelerating global population aging， in-depth exploration of aging mechanisms and the development of effective intervention strategies hold significant scientific and clinical value. This study supported by the national key research and development program of China， employed the essence-Qi-spirit theory of Qiluo doctrine as its guiding framework， focusing on the key scientific issue of the core traditional Chinese pathogenesis of aging， namely "depletion of kidney essence， deficiency of primordial Qi， and impairment of body and spirit". The treatment principle of "tonifying the kidney to replenish essence， harmonizing Yin and Yang， warming and invigorating primordial Qi， and nourishing the body and spirit" was established. Centered on holistic aging， systemic aging， and aging-related diseases， the research integrated multidisciplinary research approaches to construct multi-modal aging models and a multi-dimensional evaluation system， and it utilized multi-omics technologies to deeply analyze aging mechanisms. By systematically reviewing historical kidney-tonifying and anti-aging formulas and combining big data with artificial intelligence technologies， an information database of anti-aging traditional Chinese medicine substance was developed to reveal the differences and synergistic effects of various treatment methods and formulas on anti-aging. Based on this treatment method， the research integrated two millennia of kidney-tonifying medicinal experience to develop the innovative anti-aging traditional Chinese medicine， namely Bazhi Bushen capsules. It was validated that this capsule can delay holistic and systemic aging through multiple targets and mechanisms， thereby elucidating the scientific connotation of the essence-Qi-spirit theory of Qiluo doctrine in guiding anti-aging research from multiple dimensions and providing robust support for leveraging the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine to occupy the commanding heights of international anti-aging research.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with autoimmune gastritis (AIG) and compare the associated factors between AIG and type B atrophic gastritis.Methods:A total of 59 patients were diagnosed as showing AIG at the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University between January 2021 and August 2024. These patients were age-and sex-matched with 59 patients diagnosed with type B atrophic gastritis at the same center. The basic information and relevant clinical indicators of the two groups of patients were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were used to determine the differential factors between AIG and type B atrophic gastritis.Results:AIG mainly occurred in patients aged 50-70 years and showed a sex ratio of approximately 1∶3. Anti-intrinsic factor antibody (IFA)-positive results were observed in 28.8% of patients showing AIG. The pepsinogen Ⅰand pepsinogen Ⅰ/Ⅱ ratio in the IFA-positive group was significantly lower than that in the IFA-negative group [4.8 (2.8,6.3) vs.13.3 (5.8, 25.2) μg/L, t=-5.24, P<0.05; 1.0±0.6 vs. 2.2±1.6, t=-3.72, P<0.05]. Among the patients with AIG, 35.2% had anemia, including 1.8% with severe anemia. The relevant indicators showed no statistically significant differences between patients with and without anemia. After univariate and multivariate logistic analyses, we compared gastric function and Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with AIG and type B atrophic gastritis, and the gastrin 17 level was identified an independent differential factor between the two groups ( OR=0.913, 95% CI 0.851-0.978, P=0.010). Conclusion:The gastrin 17 level can help distinguish AIG and type B atrophic gastritis, and is valuable for early identification of AIG.

Objective:To systematically analyze the revisions content and technological development trends of microbiological standards in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(ChP)2025 Edition,and explore its novel requirements in risk-based pharmaceutical product lifecycle management.Methods:A comprehensive review was conducted on 26 microbiological-related standards to summarize the revision directions and scientific implications from perspectives including the revision overview,international harmonization of microbiological standards,risk-based quality man-agement system,and novel tools and methods with Chinese characteristics.Results:The ChP 2025 edition demon-strates three prominent features in microbiological-related standards:enhanced international harmonization,intro-duced emerging molecular biological technologies,and established a risk-based microbiological quality control sys-tem.Conclusion:The new edition of the Pharmacopoeia has systematically constructed a microbiological standard system,which significantly improves the scientificity,standardization and applicability of the standards,providing a crucial support for advancing the microbiological quality control in pharmaceutical industries of China.

Ferroptosis, a programmed cell death modality discovered and defined in the last decade, is primarily induced by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. At present, it has been found that ferroptosis is involved in various physiological functions such as immune regulation, growth and development, aging, and tumor suppression. Especially its role in tumor biology has attracted extensive attention and research. Breast cancer is one of the most common female tumors, characterized by high heterogeneity and complex genetic background. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a special type of breast cancer, which lacks conventional breast cancer treatment targets and is prone to drug resistance to existing chemotherapy drugs and has a low cure rate after progression and metastasis. There is an urgent need to find new targets or develop new drugs. With the increase of studies on promoting ferroptosis in breast cancer, it has gradually attracted attention as a treatment strategy for breast cancer. Some studies have found that certain compounds and natural products can act on TNBC, promote their ferroptosis, inhibit cancer cells proliferation, enhance sensitivity to radiotherapy, and improve resistance to chemotherapy drugs. To promote the study of ferroptosis in TNBC, this article summarized and reviewed the compounds and natural products that induce ferroptosis in TNBC and their mechanisms of action. We started with the exploration of the pathways of ferroptosis, with particular attention to the System X_c^--cystine-GPX4 pathway and iron metabolism. Then, a series of compounds, including sulfasalazine (SAS), metformin, and statins, were described in terms of how they interact with cells to deplete glutathione (GSH), thereby inhibiting the activity of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and preventing the production of lipid peroxidases. The disruption of the cellular defense against oxidative stress ultimately results in the death of TNBC cells. We have also our focus to the realm of natural products, exploring the therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine extracts for TNBC. These herbal extracts exhibit multi-target effects and good safety, and have shown promising capabilities in inducing ferroptosis in TNBC cells. We believe that further exploration and characterization of these natural compounds could lead to the development of a new generation of cancer therapeutics. In addition to traditional chemotherapy, we discussed the role of drug delivery systems in enhancing the efficacy and reducing the toxicity of ferroptosis inducers. Nanoparticles such as exosomes and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can improve the solubility and bioavailability of these compounds, thereby expanding their therapeutic potential while minimizing systemic side effects. Although preclinical data on ferroptosis inducers are relatively robust, their translation into clinical practice remains in its early stages. We also emphasize the urgent need for more in-depth and comprehensive research to understand the complex mechanisms of ferroptosis in TNBC. This is crucial for the rational design and development of clinical trials, as well as for leveraging ferroptosis to improve patient outcomes. Hoping the above summarize and review could provide references for the research and development of lead compounds for the treatment for TNBC.

Objective:To investigate the incidence of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and malnutrition among centenarians, as well as to explore the relationship between cognitive impairment and nutritional status.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted between November and December 2023, involving 121 elderly individuals aged ≥ 100 years in the Baoshan District of Shanghai.The survey collected general information and included the Ascertain Dementia 8-item Questionnaire(AD8), the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form(MNA-SF), and anthropometric nutritional measurements such as waist circumference(WC), hip circumference(HC), arm circumference(AC), calf circumference(CC), and grip strength.The prevalence of MCI and malnutrition among centenarians was calculated, and the correlation between MCI and MNA-SF scores, along with anthropometric nutritional measurement indicators, was analyzed.Results:The age range of centenarians was between 100 and 105 years, with an average age of 101.0±3.5 years.The majority of centenarians were female(76.9%), illiterate(58.7%), and lived with family members(73.6%).All participants had medical insurance(100%).Most had no history of long-term smoking 118(97.5%), long-term alcohol consumption 108(89.3%), long-term use of health supplements 109(90.1%), long-term tea or coffee habits 114(94.2%), chronic medical conditions 84(69.4%), or family history of dementia 102(84.3%).Additionally, 62(51.2%)reported their health status over the past year as general.According to the AD8 screening results, the negative and positive detection rates of MCI in centenarians were 79(65.3%)and 47(34.7%), respectively.Based on the MNA-SF scoring results, the detection rates of normal nutrition, malnutrition risk, and malnutrition among centenarians were 36(29.8%), 61(50.4%), and 24(19.8%), respectively.There was a statistically significant difference in AC between the non-MCI group and the MCI group among centenarians( t=0.01, P=0.03).The AD8 scores of centenarians were significantly negatively correlated with AC, CC, and MNA-SF scores( r=-0.20, r=-0.26, r=-0.29; all P<0.05). Conclusions:The cognitive function of centenarians is associated with their nutritional status, indicating that higher cognitive abilities correlate with better nutritional status.

Objective: To systematically analyze the revisions content and technological development trends of microbiological standards in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP) 2025 Edition, and explore its novel requirements in risk-based pharmaceutical product lifecycle management.
Methods: A comprehensive review was conducted on 26 microbiological-related standards to summarize the revision directions and scientific implications from perspectives including the revision overview, international harmonization of microbiological standards, risk-based quality management system, and novel tools and methods with Chinese characteristics.
Results: The ChP 2025 edition demonstrates three prominent features in microbiological-related standards: enhanced international harmonization, introduced emerging molecular biological technologies, and established a risk-based microbiological quality control system.
Conclusion: The new edition of the Pharmacopoeia has systematically constructed a microbiological standard system, which significantly improves the scientificity, standardization and applicability of the standards, providing a crucial support for advancing the microbiological quality control in pharmaceutical industries of China.

The microbial limit standards in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition primarily focus on total aerobic microbial count and specified objectionable microorganisms,which are insufficient for comprehensively assessing the potential risks posed by microbial contamination to drug efficacy and patient safety.With the increasing com-plexity of rising regulatory requirements,there is an urgent need to establish a scientific and systematic microbial risk assessment and control framework.In response,the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 edition,introduces a new general guideline 9212 Risk Assessment and Control of Unacceptable Microorganisms for Non-sterile Products.This chapter systematically constructs a framework for the identification and control of risks associated with unacceptable microorganisms,filling a gap in the relevant field within international pharmacopoeias.This article systematically elaborates on its key elements based on its core framework and content.It covers the development background,core concepts,testing and identification strategies,evaluation of risk characterization factors,formulation of risk control measures,and implementation pathways.The aim is to provide pharmaceutical enterprises and regulatory agencies with systematic and clear practical guidance.

Objective:To explore the factors influencing the success of external cephalic version(ECV)and to construct a nomogram prediction model.Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 269 pregnant women who un-derwent ECV by two obstetricians in the Department of Obstetrics,Women and Children's Hospital,School of Medicine,Xiamen University,from 1 July 2018 to 31 July 2023 were collected,and 215 cases were selected as the training set and 54 cases as the validation set.According to the ECV outcome,the patients were divided into the success group(160 cases)and the failure group(55 cases)in the training set.A multifactorial Logistic regression analysis was performed to establish an ECV success rate prediction model and draw a nomogram.The perform-ance and accuracy of the model was evaluated and verified using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,calibration curve and the clinical decision curve(DCA).Results:ECV was performed in 269 pregnant women,with a total success rate of 75.46%,and the success rate of menstruating mothers(81.11%)was higher than that of primigravid women(64.04%),with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that amniotic fluid index(AFI),placenta position,palpability of the fetal head,direction of the fetal back,and whether the fetal presentation engages the pelvis were independent factors affecting the success of ECV(P<0.05).The above five factors were used to construct a nomogram model with the area under the ROC curve(AUC)was 0.906,and the AUC for the validation set of this model was 0.831.Conclusions:The nomogram model for predicting the success rate of external cephalic version constructed has good accuracy and high clinical application value.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a common and lethal malignant tumor.Recently,the role of the gut microbiota-mediated gut-liver axis in HCC has attracted widespread attention.Gut microbiota dysbiosis could reportedly promote HCC onset and progression through mechanisms such as inflammatory response induction,immune reaction regulation,and metabolic reprogramming.Specific alte-rations in gut microbiota composition demonstrate a potential diagnostic value for early HCC screening.Furthermore,gut microbiota can significantly influence postoperative recovery and comprehensive treatment responses in patients with HCC,suggesting that the gut micro-biota could serve as a potential target for HCC therapy.Currently,interventional strategies such as dietary adjustments,probiotics/prebio-tics,and fecal microbiota transplantation show promise for improving the gut-liver microenvironment,enhancing treatment sensitivity,and delaying disease progression.In this review,we systematically elaborate on recent research advances concerning the role of gut microbiota in HCC pathogenesis,early diagnosis,and therapeutic intervention,aiming to provide a theoretical basis and novel strategies for the com-prehensive HCC prevention and management.

Objective To analyze the application characteristics,trends,and special advantages of anti-infection research using the Bayesian method,and to provide methodological reference for the development of anti-infection research.Methods PubMed,CNKI and WanFang Data were electronically searched for the studies on anti-infection using Bayesian method published from January 1,2015 to November 21,2023.The relevant information of publication time,anti-infection type,sample size,Bayesian characteristics and Bayesian application pattern were analyzed descriptively and reviewed.Results A total of 86 studies were included,of which 41.9％were observational studies,only 7.0％were enterprise-initiated studies,and 48.8％were mentioning prior information studies.There was no domestic intervention study.The application characteristics and advantages of Bayesian method in intervention study,observational study and pharmacokinetic study are different.In intervention researches and observational researches,the application of Bayesian design decision and the application of Bayesian analysis and estimation accounts for 69.2％and 52.8％at most,respectively.Conclusions The Bayesian method is flexible,can be used for small sample sizes and complex model research,and can deal with uncertainty.In intervention studies in the field of anti-infection in China,the Bayesian method has not been applied widely.Only a handful of studies applying Bayesian method have been initiated by companies.In the future,it is still necessary to promote the advantages and application scenarios of Bayesian methods in the field of anti-infection research and strengthen the standardization of the application of Bayesian method.