Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has become a concerning public health issue in China. This commentary evaluates China′s current situation and challenges in the screening, intervention, and treatment of AUD. It highlights the need for improvement in early screening and intervention, evidence-based treatment, and diversifying therapeutic modalities and settings. Addressing critical issues, including inadequate screening, a shortage of trained professionals, limited treatment settings, and incomplete health insurance coverage, a series of strategies are proposed to enhance the overall standard of care for AUD treatment in China.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has become a concerning public health issue in China. This commentary evaluates China′s current situation and challenges in the screening, intervention, and treatment of AUD. It highlights the need for improvement in early screening and intervention, evidence-based treatment, and diversifying therapeutic modalities and settings. Addressing critical issues, including inadequate screening, a shortage of trained professionals, limited treatment settings, and incomplete health insurance coverage, a series of strategies are proposed to enhance the overall standard of care for AUD treatment in China.

Objective To analyze the prognostic factors associated with each subtype of post-ECT delirium (PECTD).Methods Enrolled patients who received electroconvulsive therapy.Data collected included the demographic data,modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) treatment parameters and pre-MECT medications.Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the prognostic factors for hyperactive and hypoactive PECTD.Results 177 (52.8％) out of 335 patients enrolled in this study developed post-ECT delirium,118/177 (66.7％) were classified as hyperactive subtype and 59/177(33.3％)hypoactive subtype.Single factor analysis showed that,pre-ECT use of lithium (16/31,x2=5.239),benzodiazepines (30/75,Z=13.927),antipsychotic (107/132,x212.214) or antidepressants(16/37,x5=4.470)were significantly associated with hyperactive PECTD,but only pre-ECT lithium remained significant (OR=2.058,P=0.016) in logistic analysis.For active PECTD,logistic analysis showed that,comparing with younger age group,patients aged older than 60 years had a higher risk to develop hypoactive PECTD (OR=3.884,P=0.014),and those who received the first ECT had a higher risk to develop hypoactive PECTD (OR=4.891,P＜0.01).Conclusions Pre-ECT lithium may be the prognostic factor for hyperactive PECTD,while the prognostic factors for hypoactive ECT include age greater than 60 years old and after first ECT treatment.

Objective To analyze the prognostic factors associated with each subtype of post-ECT delirium (PECTD).Methods Enrolled patients who received electroconvulsive therapy.Data collected included the demographic data,modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) treatment parameters and pre-MECT medications.Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the prognostic factors for hyperactive and hypoactive PECTD.Results 177 (52.8％) out of 335 patients enrolled in this study developed post-ECT delirium,118/177 (66.7％) were classified as hyperactive subtype and 59/177(33.3％)hypoactive subtype.Single factor analysis showed that,pre-ECT use of lithium (16/31,x2=5.239),benzodiazepines (30/75,Z=13.927),antipsychotic (107/132,x212.214) or antidepressants(16/37,x5=4.470)were significantly associated with hyperactive PECTD,but only pre-ECT lithium remained significant (OR=2.058,P=0.016) in logistic analysis.For active PECTD,logistic analysis showed that,comparing with younger age group,patients aged older than 60 years had a higher risk to develop hypoactive PECTD (OR=3.884,P=0.014),and those who received the first ECT had a higher risk to develop hypoactive PECTD (OR=4.891,P＜0.01).Conclusions Pre-ECT lithium may be the prognostic factor for hyperactive PECTD,while the prognostic factors for hypoactive ECT include age greater than 60 years old and after first ECT treatment.

Objective To investigate the status of AmpC β-lactamase and extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) production and drug-resistance characteristic of Enterobacter cloacae.Methods Enterobacter cloacae was isolated and cultured from variety of specimens from April 2005 to July 2007. VITEK32 automatic microbial analytical system was applied to performing identification of bacteria and susceptibility test. ESBLs were confirmed by NCCLS double disc assay, and three-dimensional test was used to detect AmpC.Results A total of 63 strains of Enterobacter cloacae were isolated, including 13(20.6%) single AmpC producing strains, 24(31.8%) single ESBLs producing strains, 6(9.5%) both AmpC and ESBLs producing strains, and 20(38.1%) neither AmpC nor ESBLs producing strains. The resistance of lactamases producing strains was significantly higher than that of lactamases non-producing ones. Especially in both AmpC and ESBLs producing strains, the drug resistance was serous.Conclusion The prevalence of AmpC β-lactamases and/or ESBLs producing strains is a higher level in Fuyang area. The drug resistance of AmpC β-lactamases producing Enterobacter cloacae isn′t identical to that of ESBLs producing one. Different categories of antibacterials should be chosen according to the different types of producing lactamases.

The clozapine treatment of schizophrenic patients (n=26) for 6 weeks showed the significantly (all P