Osteoporosis is a prevalent skeletal condition characterized by reduced bone mass and strength, leading to increased fragility. Buqi-Tongluo (BQTL) decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, has yet to be fully evaluated for its potential in treating bone diseases such as osteoporosis. To investigate the mechanism by which BQTL decoction inhibits osteoclast differentiation in vitro and validate these findings through in vivo experiments. We employed MTS assays to assess the potential proliferative or toxic effects of BQTL on bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) at various concentrations. TRAcP experiments were conducted to examine BQTL's impact on osteoclast differentiation. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were utilized to evaluate the relative expression levels of osteoclast-specific genes and proteins under BQTL stimulation. Finally, in vivo experiments were performed using an osteoporosis model to further validate the in vitro findings. This study revealed that BQTL suppressed receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast resorption activity in vitro in a dose-dependent manner without observable cytotoxicity. The inhibitory effects of BQTL on osteoclast formation and function were attributed to the downregulation of NFATc1 and c-fos activity, primarily through attenuation of the MAPK, NF-κB, and Calcineurin signaling pathways. BQTL's inhibitory capacity was further examined in vivo using an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model, demonstrating a strong protective effect against bone loss. BQTL may serve as an effective therapeutic TCM for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and the alleviation of bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency and related conditions.
Animals ; NFATC Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Ovariectomy ; Osteoclasts/metabolism* ; Female ; Osteogenesis/drug effects* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; NF-kappa B/genetics* ; Osteoporosis/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Bone Resorption/genetics* ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects* ; Humans ; RANK Ligand/metabolism* ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics* ; Transcription Factors

It was a cross-sectional study. Six myocardial infarction patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA group) admitted to Shanghai Sixth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from July 2021 to August 2022 were enrolled in the study and 78 healthy subjects were selected as control group. The patients and healthy controls were selected with 1∶1 propensity score matching according to age, gender, body mass index, occupation and marriage status; and 5 study subjects of each group were finally enrolled in the study. The general clinical data and magnetocardiographic (MCG) results were collected from the hospital′s electronic medical record system. Compared with control group, MINOCA group showed abnormal QR rotation, discrete changes in positive and negative magnetic poles in TT segment, and disordered current direction. The analysis of MCG data revealed 35 parameters with statistically significant difference between the two groups, involving TT interval, QRS complex, RS interval and QR interval. This study explored the magnetocardiographic characteristics of MINOCA, which suggest that MCG may be conducive for diagnosis of MINOCA in the future.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus infectious diarrhea in the active monitoring of foodborne diseases in Jiangsu Province from 2015 to 2020, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases caused by norovirus. Methods Norovirus positive diarrhea cases were collected from sentinel hospitals in 13 districts and cities of Jiangsu Province, and their epidemiological and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Results Atotal of 3 620 norovirus positive cases were detected and isolated from 61 489 samples. The main serotype was GII (71.97%), the onset season was winter and spring, and the onset age was 1-3 years old and 14-34 years old. There was no significant difference in norovirus positive rate between different sexes, and the main symptom was diarrhea (incidence rate was 92.10%), Meat and meat products (20.20%) were the main types of suspected exposed foods. Conclusion Norovirus infection has obvious seasonal characteristics, and the population is generally susceptible. It is high in children and young people, and meat food was the main suspicious exposure food. We should continue to improve the ability of active monitoring, identification, early warning and control of foodborne diseases, so as to reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases.

【Objective】 To explore the effects of perceived risk of COVID-19 of college students on their anxiety and depression, as well as the roles of attention to negative information and perceived social support, so as to provide theoretical basis for colleges and universities to formulate corresponding intervention measures. 【Methods】 By the convenience sampling method, totally 1 404 college students from Shaanxi and Henan provinces were investigated online by using General Information Questionnaire, Perceived Risk of COVID-19 Pandemic Scale, Attention to Negative Information Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Perceived Social Support Scale. SPSS 20.0 was used for data analysis, Pearson correlation method was used to explore the correlation between variables. The mediating effect of attention to negative information and the moderating effect of perceived social support were analyzed by PROCESS. 【Results】 The scores of anxiety and depression of the 1 404 college students included in the study were 4.03±4.48 and 6.21±5.41, respectively. The detection rate of anxiety symptom was 29.9%, and that of depression symptom was 44.4%. The risk perception of COVID-19 epidemic of the college students was positively correlated with attention to negative information (r=0.373, P<0.001), anxiety (r=0.227, P<0.001), and depression (r=0.226, P<0.001). Anxiety (r=0.553, P<0.001) and depression (r=0.497, P<0.001) were positively correlated with attention to negative information, while perceived social support was negatively correlated with the risk perception of the COVID-19 (r=-0.154, P<0.001), attention to negative information (r=-0.259, P<0.001), anxiety (r=-0.321, P<0.001) and depression (r=-0.278, P<0.001). The risk perception of COVID-19 affected the anxiety and depression of the students mainly through the mediating effect of attention to negative information. The total effect of risk perception of COVID-19 and anxiety was 0.227, and the mediating effect accounted for 80.18% of the total effect. The total effect of risk perception of COVID-19 and depression was 0.228, and the mediating effect accounted for 90.35% of the total effect. Perceived social support played a moderating role in the last half of this mediating model. 【Conclusion】 Risk perception of COVID-19 indirectly affects the occurrence of anxiety and depression in college students through attention to negative information, and perceived social support plays a moderating role in this mediating model. The findings suggest that when a risk event occurs, colleges and universities should pay attention to guiding students to adjust their attentional bias to external information, and give students enough care and support to improve their mental health.

Objective:To evaluate the calf muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and fat fraction (FF) in amateur marathon runners based on T 2WI-Flex fat-suppression sequence and iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetrical and least-squares estimation quantitation sequence (IDEAL-IQ) technique, and to explore the correlation between them and age, body mass index (BMI), running age, speed exercise, and monthly exercise. Methods:From September to November 2022, 37 amateur marathon group (marathon group) and 12 healthy volunteers (control group) who did not often exercise were recruited in Shijiazhuang. T 2WI-Flex fat-suppression sequence and IDEAL-IQ sequence were performed on all subjects. The anterior group of the right calf (tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digital longus), external group of the calf (peroneus longus, peroneus brevis), soleus, medial head and lateral head of the gastrocnemius were delineated along the edge of the muscle contour as regions of interest, and the CSA and FF values of the muscles were obtained. Twelve subjects matched with the clinical data of the control group were selected from the marathon group (marathon matched group), and the differences in CSA and FF were compared by independent sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between CSA and FF values of the right calf and running-related indicators including age, BMI, running age, speed exercise, and monthly exercise in 37 amateur marathon runners. Results:The CSA of the right calf soleus muscle in the marathon matched matched group was larger than that in the control group ( t=-2.09, P=0.048). There was no significant difference in CSA of other calf muscles between the two groups ( P>0.05). The FF values of the right calf anterior group, the outer group, the soleus muscle, the medial head and the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle in the marathon matched group were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The BMI of 37 amateur marathon runners was positively correlated with the CSA and FF values of the anterior group, the outer group, the soleus, the medial head and the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle (CSA: r=0.628, 0.468, 0.680, 0.566, 0.615, respectively, all P<0.05; FF value: r=0.395, 0.567, 0.631, 0.482, 0.516, respectively, all P<0.05). The FF values of the anterior group, the outer group, the soleus, the medial head and the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle were negatively correlated with monthly exercise ( r=-0.337, -0.405, -0.437, -0.338, -0.446, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Long-term running training can reduce the FF value of each calf muscle group, and the FF value of calf muscles is negatively correlated with the amount of running each month. Long-term running training has the greatest effect on the CSA of soleus muscle.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disease that seriously affects brain function. Currently, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are used to treat PTSD clinically but have decreased efficiency and increased side effects. In this study, nasal cannabidiol inclusion complex temperature-sensitive hydrogels (CBD TSGs) were prepared and evaluated to treat PTSD. Mice model of PTSD was established with conditional fear box. CBD TSGs could significantly improve the spontaneous behavior, exploratory spirit and alleviate tension in open field box, relieve anxiety and tension in elevated plus maze, and reduce the freezing time. Hematoxylin and eosin and c-FOS immunohistochemistry slides showed that the main injured brain areas in PTSD were the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus CA1. CBD TSGs could reduce the level of tumor necrosis factor-

Objective:To investigate the correlation between preoperative serum γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) level and the postoperative survival of patients with renal cell carcinoma.Methods:The clinical data of 235 patients with renal cell carcinoma who underwent nephrectomy from December 2005 to December 2011 in the Affiliated Hospital of China University of Mining and Technology were retrospectively analyzed. According to the preoperative serum GGT level at 1.5 times the upper limit of normal value 90 U/L (the upper limit of normal value of samples in this study was 60 U/L), patients were divided into 2 groups: GGT ≤ 90 U/L group (218 cases) and GGT>90 U/L group (17 cases). The correlation between GGT and clinicopathological characteristics as well as postoperative survival of patient with renal cell carcinoma was also analyzed.Results:There were statistically significant differences in gender, age, the level of the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), the neutrpphil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, neoplasm staging between GGT ≤ 90 U/L group and >90 U/L group (all P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the median overall survival time was 84 months and 54 months, respectively in GGT ≤ 90 U/L group and GGT > 90 U/L group, and the difference was statistically significant of both groups ( χ2 = 4.334, P = 0.037). Univariate Cox proportional risk regression model showed that pathologic type, pathology T staging, preoperative GGT level, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, ALT level were influencing factors of postoperative overall survival in patient with renal cell carcinoma (all P < 0.05). The multivariate Cox regression model analysis showed that the pathological type ( HR = 2.323, 95% CI 1.228-4.396, P = 0.010), GGT level ( HR = 2.406, 95% CI 1.077-5.376, P = 0.032), LDH level ( HR = 2.320, 95% CI 1.080-4.981, P = 0.031) were independent influencing factors of postoperative overall survival in patient with renal cell carcinoma. Conclusions:Preoperative elevated serum GGT level is associated with poor prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma, and the monitoring of it may help to evaluate the prognosis of patients and provide guidelines for individual treatment method.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical phenotype and genetic diagnosis of a patient featuring secondary amenorrhea, breast dysplasia and mental retardation. METHODS: Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from the patient and her family members and subjected to G-banding karyotyping and single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array) analysis. RESULTS: The patient was found to have a karyotype of 46,X,der(X)(12qter→ 12q22::Xq23→ Xpter)mat, her mother had a karyotype of 46,X,t(X;12)(Xpter→ Xq23::12q22→ 12qter;12pter→ 12q22::Xq23→ Xqter), while her father and brother were both 46,XY. SNP-array analysis suggested the patient to be arr[hg19]12q22q24.33(94 792 972-133 777 562)× 3, Xq23q28(108 786 070-155 233 098)×1. CONCLUSION The abnormal phenotypes of the patient can probably be attributed to the presence of Xq23-qter deletion and 12q22-qter duplication, both have derived from her mother's balanced t (X;12) translocation.

Background and Objectives: p21, an important member of the Cip/Kip family, is involved in inhibitory effects of RUNX1b overexpression during the early stage of human hematopoiesis. Methods: and Results: We established a human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line with inducible expression of p21 (p21/hESCs). Overexpression of p21 did not influence either mesoderm induction or emergence of CD34＋ cells, but it significantly decreased the production of CD43＋ cells and changed the expression profile of hematopoiesis-related factors, leading to the negative effects of p21 on hematopoiesis. Conclusions In RUNX1b/hESC co-cultures when RUNX1b was induced from D0, perturbation of the cell cycle caused by upregulation of p21 probably prevented the appearance of CD43＋ cells, but not CD34＋ cells. The mechanisms via which CD34＋ cells are blocked by RUNX1b overexpression remain to be elucidated.

MicroRNA-132 (miR-132), a small RNA that regulates gene expression, is known to promote neurogenesis in the embryonic nervous system and adult brain. Although exposure to psychoactive substances can increase miR-132 expression in cultured neural stem cells (NSCs) and the adult brain of rodents, little is known about its role in opioid addiction. So, we set out to determine the effect of miR-132 on differentiation of the NSCs and whether this effect is involved in opioid addiction using the rat morphine self-administration (MSA) model. We found that miR-132 overexpression enhanced the differentiation of NSCs in vivo and in vitro. Similarly, specific overexpression of miR-132 in NSCs of the adult hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) during the acquisition stage of MSA potentiated morphine-seeking behavior. These findings indicate that miR-132 is involved in opioid addiction, probably by promoting the differentiation of NSCs in the adult DG.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dentate Gyrus ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; Neural Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Opioid-Related Disorders ; metabolism ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley