Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is a common malignant tumor with insidious early symptoms and a poor prognosis.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),ESCC is classified as"ye ge."Drawing on clinical experience,we believe that kidney deficiency leads to the deficiency of vital qi and immune dysfunction,providing the foundation for cancerous growth by depleting qi and damaging essence,toxic stasis and stagnation,forming a local hypoxic and acidic microenvironment that promotes tumor invasion,metastasis,and recurrence.Considering the effect of modern comprehensive treatments,the occurrence and development of ESCC are summarized as kidney deficiency being the root cause and toxic stasis being the driving force.The pathogenesis and treatment of ESCC in the preoperative,postoperative,and non-surgical treatment stages are discussed.The pathogenesis of the disease is summarized as follows:preoperatively,toxicity and stasis intertwine,depleting the kidney;postoperatively,the kidney loses its vitality,allowing various pathogenic factors to persist;during non-operative treatment,vital qi and pathogens contend,resulting in entrenched toxicity.During the preoperative neoadjuvant phase,therapy should resolve stasis,eliminate toxins,enhance kidney function,tonify essence,and support the body.During the postoperative adjuvant phase,therapy should strengthen the root and consolidate the foundation while detoxifying and expelling stasis.The non-surgical treatment stage uses"balanced interruption,"targeting tumor progression and metastasis by harmonizing yin and yang,thus preventing recurrence.This article will provide insights into the integrative Chinese-Western management of ESCC.

Purpose To evaluate the value of multimodality MRI-based nomogram model for predicting peritumoral brain tissue invasion in atypical meningioma.Materials and Methods A total of 187 patients with pathologically diagnosed atypical meningioma in the First Affiliated Hospital Fujian Medical University from January 2018 to January 2023 were retrospectively enrolled,including 130 cases of peritumoral brain tissue invasion and 57 cases of none peritumoral brain tissue invasion.Clinical data and multimodality MRI features,including age,gender,tumor location,maximum diameter,peritumoral oedema,tumor-brain interface,lobulated sign,dural tail sign,cyst degeneration/necrosis,relative minimum apparent diffusion coefficient(rADCmin)and intratumoral susceptibility signal were analyzed.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to screen the independent predictors of peritumoral brain tissue invasion in atypical meningioma,then a multimodality MRI prediction model was constructed,and was visualized as a nomogram.The prediction performance of multimodality MRI-based nomogram model and each independent predictor were assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve.Results The maximum diameter(OR=0.705,95%CI 0.539-0.920,P=0.010),peritumoral oedema(OR=1.333,95%CI 1.095-1.624,P=0.004),tumor-brain interface(OR=5.121,95%CI 2.045-12.806,P＜0.001)and rADCmin(OR=0.126,95%CI 0.033-0.483,P=0.002)were independent predictors of peritumoral brain tissue invasion in atypical meningioma.The area under the curve,sensitivity and specificity of the multimodality MRI-based nomogram model for predicting peritumoral brain tissue invasion in atypical meningioma was 0.80(95%CI 0.73-0.88),87.69%and 66.67%,respectively.The multimodality MRI-based nomogram model showed significantly higher area under the curve than that of the maximum diameter,peritumoral oedema,tumor-brain interface and rADCmin of atypical meningioma(all Z=3.665,3.904,4.359,3.701,P＜0.05).Conclusion The multimodality MRI-based nomogram model may be helpful for the prediction of peritumoral brain tissue invasion in atypical meningioma.

Objective To observe the impact factors of obesity(Ob)complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Twenty Ob patients complicated with T2DM(group A)and 47 simple Ob patients(group B)were retrospectively enrolled.The blood glucose related indicators,including fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting insulin(FINS)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),as well as fat quantitative parameters measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,CT or MRI were compared between groups,their correlations were analyzed,and the impact factors of Ob complicated with T2DM were explored.Results FBG,HbA1c and HOMA-IR in group A were all higher,while the total body fat mass percentage(TFM%)and leg fat mass percentage(LFM%)in group A were both lower than those in group B(all P＜0.05).Proton density fat fraction(PDFF)of liver and lumbar bone marrow in group A were both higher than those in group B(both P＜0.05).TFM%and LFM%in all 67 Ob patients were negatively correlated with FBG or HbA1c,while TFM%and Android region fat mass percentage(Android FM%)were both negatively correlated with HOMA-IR(r=-0.447—-0.263,all P＜0.05).For all 67 Ob patients,the area of visceral adipose tissue(VAT)was positively correlated with HOMA-IR(r=0.339,P=0.006),liver PDFF was positively correlated with FBG,HbA1c and HOMA-IR,and PDFF of lumbar bone marrow was positively correlated with FBG(r=0.323-0.599,all P＜0.05).Elevated LFM%was a protective factor,while elevated PDFF of liver and pancreas were both risk factors of Ob complicated with T2DM(all P＜0.05).Conclusion LFM%and liver PDFF were both impact factors of Ob complicated with T2DM.

Objective To observe the impact factors of obesity(Ob)complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Twenty Ob patients complicated with T2DM(group A)and 47 simple Ob patients(group B)were retrospectively enrolled.The blood glucose related indicators,including fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting insulin(FINS)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),as well as fat quantitative parameters measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,CT or MRI were compared between groups,their correlations were analyzed,and the impact factors of Ob complicated with T2DM were explored.Results FBG,HbA1c and HOMA-IR in group A were all higher,while the total body fat mass percentage(TFM%)and leg fat mass percentage(LFM%)in group A were both lower than those in group B(all P＜0.05).Proton density fat fraction(PDFF)of liver and lumbar bone marrow in group A were both higher than those in group B(both P＜0.05).TFM%and LFM%in all 67 Ob patients were negatively correlated with FBG or HbA1c,while TFM%and Android region fat mass percentage(Android FM%)were both negatively correlated with HOMA-IR(r=-0.447—-0.263,all P＜0.05).For all 67 Ob patients,the area of visceral adipose tissue(VAT)was positively correlated with HOMA-IR(r=0.339,P=0.006),liver PDFF was positively correlated with FBG,HbA1c and HOMA-IR,and PDFF of lumbar bone marrow was positively correlated with FBG(r=0.323-0.599,all P＜0.05).Elevated LFM%was a protective factor,while elevated PDFF of liver and pancreas were both risk factors of Ob complicated with T2DM(all P＜0.05).Conclusion LFM%and liver PDFF were both impact factors of Ob complicated with T2DM.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is a common malignant tumor with insidious early symptoms and a poor prognosis.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),ESCC is classified as"ye ge."Drawing on clinical experience,we believe that kidney deficiency leads to the deficiency of vital qi and immune dysfunction,providing the foundation for cancerous growth by depleting qi and damaging essence,toxic stasis and stagnation,forming a local hypoxic and acidic microenvironment that promotes tumor invasion,metastasis,and recurrence.Considering the effect of modern comprehensive treatments,the occurrence and development of ESCC are summarized as kidney deficiency being the root cause and toxic stasis being the driving force.The pathogenesis and treatment of ESCC in the preoperative,postoperative,and non-surgical treatment stages are discussed.The pathogenesis of the disease is summarized as follows:preoperatively,toxicity and stasis intertwine,depleting the kidney;postoperatively,the kidney loses its vitality,allowing various pathogenic factors to persist;during non-operative treatment,vital qi and pathogens contend,resulting in entrenched toxicity.During the preoperative neoadjuvant phase,therapy should resolve stasis,eliminate toxins,enhance kidney function,tonify essence,and support the body.During the postoperative adjuvant phase,therapy should strengthen the root and consolidate the foundation while detoxifying and expelling stasis.The non-surgical treatment stage uses"balanced interruption,"targeting tumor progression and metastasis by harmonizing yin and yang,thus preventing recurrence.This article will provide insights into the integrative Chinese-Western management of ESCC.

Purpose To evaluate the value of multimodality MRI-based nomogram model for predicting peritumoral brain tissue invasion in atypical meningioma.Materials and Methods A total of 187 patients with pathologically diagnosed atypical meningioma in the First Affiliated Hospital Fujian Medical University from January 2018 to January 2023 were retrospectively enrolled,including 130 cases of peritumoral brain tissue invasion and 57 cases of none peritumoral brain tissue invasion.Clinical data and multimodality MRI features,including age,gender,tumor location,maximum diameter,peritumoral oedema,tumor-brain interface,lobulated sign,dural tail sign,cyst degeneration/necrosis,relative minimum apparent diffusion coefficient(rADCmin)and intratumoral susceptibility signal were analyzed.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to screen the independent predictors of peritumoral brain tissue invasion in atypical meningioma,then a multimodality MRI prediction model was constructed,and was visualized as a nomogram.The prediction performance of multimodality MRI-based nomogram model and each independent predictor were assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve.Results The maximum diameter(OR=0.705,95%CI 0.539-0.920,P=0.010),peritumoral oedema(OR=1.333,95%CI 1.095-1.624,P=0.004),tumor-brain interface(OR=5.121,95%CI 2.045-12.806,P＜0.001)and rADCmin(OR=0.126,95%CI 0.033-0.483,P=0.002)were independent predictors of peritumoral brain tissue invasion in atypical meningioma.The area under the curve,sensitivity and specificity of the multimodality MRI-based nomogram model for predicting peritumoral brain tissue invasion in atypical meningioma was 0.80(95%CI 0.73-0.88),87.69%and 66.67%,respectively.The multimodality MRI-based nomogram model showed significantly higher area under the curve than that of the maximum diameter,peritumoral oedema,tumor-brain interface and rADCmin of atypical meningioma(all Z=3.665,3.904,4.359,3.701,P＜0.05).Conclusion The multimodality MRI-based nomogram model may be helpful for the prediction of peritumoral brain tissue invasion in atypical meningioma.

Epignathus is an extremely rare congenital oropharyngeal teratoma. Here, we report a case of epignathus without intracranial extension in a fetus. The mass was first found by ultrasonography at 22 gestational weeks. Serial ultrasound examinations and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed that the fetus had neither central nervous system involvement nor abnormal nose or tooth. The baby was delivered at 37 weeks and six days of gestation via cesarean section set up for ex-utero intrapartum treatment. The postnatal pathologic examination confirmed the presence of mature tissues predominantly containing ectopic central nervous tissue, osseous tissue, and bronchial mucosal tissue. Most cases of epignathus are associated with malformation and death. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging prenatal assessments are very important to facilitate counseling and understand prognosis. In conclusion, the ex-utero intrapartum treatment procedure is a good approach to improve the survival of infants with epignathus.

Epignathus is an extremely rare congenital oropharyngeal teratoma. Here, we report a case of epignathus without intracranial extension in a fetus. The mass was first found by ultrasonography at 22 gestational weeks. Serial ultrasound examinations and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed that the fetus had neither central nervous system involvement nor abnormal nose or tooth. The baby was delivered at 37 weeks and six days of gestation via cesarean section set up for ex-utero intrapartum treatment. The postnatal pathologic examination confirmed the presence of mature tissues predominantly containing ectopic central nervous tissue, osseous tissue, and bronchial mucosal tissue. Most cases of epignathus are associated with malformation and death. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging prenatal assessments are very important to facilitate counseling and understand prognosis. In conclusion, the ex-utero intrapartum treatment procedure is a good approach to improve the survival of infants with epignathus.

Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive and potentially fatal skin cancer which is prone to distant metastasis and spread. Before the advent of targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the prognosis of patients with advanced melanoma is extremely poor, with a 5-year survival rate less than 10%. Compared with traditional treatment, immunotherapy can prolong the progression-free survival and overall survival of patients with advanced melanoma and improve patients' life quality. Although immune-related adverse reactions occur during clinical treatment, most of them could be controlled by giving appropriate immunomodulators. As immunotherapy has received certain attention in clinical, its limitations have also been discovered. Patients have been found to resist or insensitive to immunotherapy, suggesting that the combination therapy may bring greater benefits to clinical treatment. This paper summarized the current the progress and limitations of immunotherapy in clinic for cutaneous melanoma.

Objective:To explore the application of linkage teaching model between hospitals and colleges based on integration of theory and practice in the course of pediatric nursing skills.Methods:Two undergraduate classes of pediatric nursing in a college in 2017 were selected as the experimental group and the control group by random sampling. The experimental group adopted the combined teaching method of colleges and hospitals based on the integration of truth and practice, while the control group adopted the traditional teaching method. The results of skill operation assessment were compared between the two groups, and the results were evaluated by the self-designed teaching effect evaluation questionnaire.Results:The results of the combined nursing skills teaching in colleges and universities were higher in the experimental group (91.24±3.01) than that in the control group (87.33±2.96), the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 5.027, P<0.05). The evaluation score of teaching effect of the experimental group was 62.61 ± 2.94, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (49.67 ± 7.79) ( t value was 7.965, P<0.05). Conclusions:The combined teaching mode of colleges and hospitals based on the integration of theory and practice is beneficial to improve students′ comprehensive quality and learning effect, further shorten the gap between college theory and clinical practice, and is an effective form of pediatric nursing education.