Objective To assess the potential role of disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) in pan-cancer on prognosis and immunity on the basis of bioinformatics approaches. Methods Pan-cancer RNA-seq data, mutation profiles, clinical information, TMB, MSI, stemness scores, and tumor and immune microenvironment data contained in TCGA and various open-source online databases, and multi-group R-language algorithms were used for comprehensive analysis. The expression levels of DRGs at the cellular level were experimentally validated using qPCR. Results LRPPRC, NCKAP1, NDUFS1, and NUBPL had a better prognosis in renal clear cell carcinoma (P<0.001), whereas SLC7A11, NCKAP1, and SLC3A2 had a worse prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (P<0.001). TME analysis showed that LRPPRC was negatively correlated with immune cells, stromal cells, and estimated scores in all tumor types. TMB analysis revealed the potential research value of DRGs for PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in pan-cancer. Drug sensitivity analysis showed that SLC7A11 (r=0.454), SLC3A2 (r=0.366), and NCKAP1 (r=0.455) were significantly associated with Kahalide F (P<0.01). Experimental validation demonstrated the overall higher expression levels of GYS1 and NCKAP1 than normal cells in lung adenocarcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, esophageal squamous carcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma (P<0.05). Conclusion Pan-cancer analysis of DRGs indicates that DRGs may serve as important biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of renal clear-cell carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

This article systematically analyzes the historical evolution of the name， origin， quality evaluation， harvesting， processing and other aspects of Picrorhizae Rhizoma by referring to the medical books， prescription books， and other documents of the past dynasties， combined with relevant modern research materials， in order to provide a basis for the development and utilization of famous classical formulas containing this medicinal herb. The research results indicate that Picrorhizae Rhizoma was first recorded in New Revised Materia Medica from the Tang dynasty. Throughout history， Huhuanglian has been used as its official name， and there are also aliases such as Gehu Luze， Jiahuanglian and Hulian. The main source of past dynasties is the the rhizomes of Picrorhiza kurrooa and P. scrophulariiflora. In ancient times， Picrorhizae Rhizoma was mainly imported by foreign traders via Guangzhou and other regions， and also produced in China， mainly in Xizang. In ancient times， it was harvested and dried in early August of the lunar calendar， while in modern times， it is mostly harvested from July to September， with the best quality being those with thick and crispy rhizomes without impurities， and bitter taste. Throughout history， Picrorhizae Rhizoma was collected， washed， sliced， and dried before being used as a raw material for medicine， it has a bitter and cold taste， mainly used to treat bone steaming， hot flashes， infantile chancre fever， and dysentery. There is no significant difference in taste and efficacy between ancient and modern times. Based on the research results， it is recommended that the rhizomes of P. scrophulariiflora in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia， or the rhizomes of P. kurrooa， can be used in famous classical formulas containing this medicinal herb， which can be processed according to the processing requirements marked by the original formula. For those without clear processing requirements， the dried raw products are used as medicine.

ObjectiveTo screen key genes associated with neuroblastoma （NB） diagnosis and prognosis using the Gene Expression Omnibus （GEO） database， and to investigate the expression and clinical significance of nucleoporin 93 （NUP93） in NB tissues. MethodsNB gene chip data （GSE73517， GSE49710， GSE19274） were retrieved from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes （DEGs） commonly upregulated in high-risk groups were screened. The R2 database was then used to assess the prognostic value of DEGs that were commonly upregulated in the MYCN amplification group. Finally， NUP93 expression levels in the tissues from 60 NB， 25 ganglioneuroblastoma （GNB）， and 26 ganglioneuroma （GN） cases were measured by immunohistochemistry . ResultsTwenty-five DEGs were identified as commonly upregulated in high-risk groups. Among these， 10 genes （SIVA1， NUP93， STIP1， LSM4， RAI14， MYOZ3， KNTC1， TNFRSF10B， TACC3 and CEP152） showed significantly higher expression in MYCN-amplified subgroups （P＜0.05）. Survival analysis revealed that high NUP93 expression was associated with shorter overall survival （HR = 4.0， 95% CI： 3.0，5.3， P = 1.80 × 10⁻³⁴）. Immunohistochemistry results revealed that NUP93 expression in NB tissues was significantly higher than in GNB and GN tissues （P＜0.001）. NUP93 expression was positively correlated with high mitosis-karyorrhexis index （MKI； P=0.040）， poor differentiation （P＜0.001）， and MYCN expression （r_s = 0.793， P ＜0.001）. ConclusionsHigh expression of NUP93 is associated with high MKI and poor differentiation， and predicts unfavorable prognosis in patients with NB， suggesting it may promote tumor progression by regulating MYCN. NUP93 has the potential to be a novel diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for NB.

Houpo Sanwutang， included in the Catalogue of Ancient Classical Prescriptions （Second Batch）， was first recorded in the Synopsis of Golden Chamber written by ZHANG Zhongjing from the Eastern Han dynasty and was modified by successive generations of medical experts. A total of 37 pieces of effective data involving 37 ancient Chinese medical books were retrieved from different databases. Through literature mining， statistical analysis， and data processing， combined with modern articles， this study employed bibliometrics to investigate the historical origin， composition， decoction methods， clinical application， and other key information. The results showed that the medicinal origin of Houpo Sanwutang was clearly documented in classic books. Based on the conversion of the measurements from the Han Dynasty， it is recommended that 110.4 g Magnolia Officinalis Cortex， 55.2 g Rhei Radix et Rhizoma， and 72 g Aurantii Fructus Immaturus should be taken. Magnolia Officinalis Cortex and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus should be decocted with 2 400 mL water first， and 1 000 mL should be taken from the decocted liquid. Following this， Rhei Radix et Rhizoma should be added for further decoction， and then 600 mL should be taken from the decocted liquid. A single dose of administration is 200 mL， and the medication can be stopped when patients restore smooth bowel movement. Houpo Sanwutang has the effect of moving Qi， relieving stuffiness and fullness， removing food stagnation， and regulating bowels. It can be used in treating abdominal distending pain， guarding， constipation， and other diseases with the pathogenesis of stagnated heat and stagnated Qi in the stomach. The above results provide reference for the future development and research of Houpo Sanwutang.

Objective: To examine the association between incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) and meteorological factors, so as to provide the basis for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods: The number of HFMD cases in Jiading District, Shanghai Municipality from 2016 to 2023 were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and meteorological data were obtained from the Shanghai Meteorological Bureau. The associations of daily average temperature, daily average relative humidity, and daily average atmospheric pressure with the daily number of HFMD cases were analyzed using a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). Results: A total of 21 555 HFMD cases were reported in Jiading District from 2016 to 2023, with an average annual incidence of 132.57/100 000. There were 12 762 male cases (59.21%) and 8 793 female cases (40.79%). The main peak of incidence occurred from June to August, and the secondary peak was from October to December. DLNM analysis showed that the incidence risk of HFMD first increased and then decreased with the increase of daily average temperature, and first decreased and then increased with the prolongation of the lag time. The cumulative lag risk was higher when the daily average temperature ranged from 18.4 to 35.1 ℃, and the maximum cumulative lag effect was observed at 27.8 ℃ (RR=5.522, 95%CI: 4.751-6.370). The incidence risk of HFMD first increased and then decreased with the increase of daily average relative humidity, and first decreased, then increased and then decreased again with the prolongation of the lag time. The cumulative lag risk was higher when the daily average relative humidity ranged from 71.7% and 90.8%, and the maximum cumulative lag effect was observed at 81.8% (RR=1.603, 95%CI: 1.321-1.995). The incidence risk of HFMD decreased with the increase of daily average atmospheric pressure, and decreased with the prolongation of the lag time when the daily average atmospheric pressure was greater than 1 015.80 hPa. When the daily average atmospheric pressure was less than 1 015.80 hPa, the incidence risk of HFMD increased with the prolongation of the lag time. The maximum cumulative lag effect was observed at 986.80 hPa (RR=8.513, 95%CI: 1.401-36.625). Conclusion The incidence risk of HFMD in Jiading District initially increases and then decreases with increasing temperature and relative humidity, while it decreases with increasing atmospheric pressure, and these effects exhibit a lagged response.

AIM: To investigate the correlation of serum C-reactive protein(CRP)-to-albumin(ALB)ratio(CAR)and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte count ratio(NLR)with pathological staging and prognosis of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP), and the predictive value of its combined testing for the prognosis of infants.METHODS:Prospective study. A total of 147 children with ROP who were born in our hospital from March 2022 to September 2024 were served as the ROP group, and 100 premature infants without ROP were served as the control group in the same period. Fully automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect serum CRP and ALB; the flow cytometry nucleic acid fluorescence staining was used to count neutrophils and lymphocytes, and the CAR and NLR were calculated. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the relationship of serum CAR and NLR with ROP staging. Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of children with ROP. ROC curve was drew to analyze the predictive value of serum CAR and NLR for the prognosis of ROP.RESULTS: There was comparability between the ROP group and the control group. The ROP group had significantly higher serum CRP, CAR, neutrophil count, and NLR than the control group, and clearly lower ALB and lymphocyte count than the control group(all P<0.05). Children with stage IV ROP had clearly higher serum CAR and NLR than stages I, II, and III, and the differences among stages I, II, and III were significant(all P<0.05). Serum CAR and NLR were positively correlated with ROP staging(r=0.529, 0.587, all P<0.05), and there was a positive correlation between serum CAR and NLR(r=0.546, P<0.05). The poor prognosis group had clearly higher serum CAR and NLR than good prognosis group(all P<0.001). Elevated serum CAR and NLR were risk factors affecting the prognosis of children with ROP(all P<0.05). The AUC of serum CAR, NLR, and joint detection in predicting the prognosis of ROP children was 0.803, 0.825, and 0.938, respectively. The joint detection showed better predictive performance(Zcombinatoion-CAR=2.637, Zcombinatoion-NLR=2.528, all P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Serum CAR and NLR are elevated in children with ROP, and they are closely related to pathological staging and prognosis. The joint detection has a higher predictive value in evaluating the prognosis of ROP.

ObjectiveBased on the quality evaluation experience of "it is better to have a fragrant and strong aroma" summarized by materia medica of past dynasties， the chemical components of Sojae Semen Nigrum（SSN） and Sojae Semen Praeparatum（SSP） were systematically compared and analyzed， and the main fermentation products in different fermentation time were quantitatively analyzed， so as to clarify the transformation law of internal components in the processing process and provide scientific basis for the modern quality control of SSP. MethodUltra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS） was used for the structural identification of the chemical constituents of SSN and SSP， and with the aid of Progenesis QI v2.3 software， the negative ion mode was employed for principal component analysis（PCA） pattern recognition， and the data were analyzed with the aid of orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） for two-dimensional data to obtain S-plot， and components with |P|>0.1 were selected as the differential constituents. The contents of isoflavonoids in SSP during fermentation was determined by UPLC， and the samples were taken every 8 h in the pre-fermentation period and every 2 d in the post-fermentation period， and the dynamic changes of isoflavonoid contents in different fermentation stages were analyzed. The contents of amino acids and nucleosides in SSP and SSN from different fermentation stages were quantitatively analyzed by phenyl isothiocyanate（PITC） pre-column derivatization and high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） gradient elution， and the contribution of flavor substances to the "delicious" taste of SSP was discussed by taste intensity value（TAV）. ResultA total of 19 kinds of differential components were screened out， mainly soybean saponins and isoflavones， and their contents decreased significantly or even disappeared after fermentation. In the pre-fermentation process of SSP， glycoside bond hydrolysis mainly occurred， and isoflavone glycosides in SSN were degraded and converted into the corresponding aglycones， the content of flavor substances such as amino acids increased gradually. In the post-fermentation process， protein degradation mainly occurred， after 8 d of post-fermentation， the content of isoflavones was basically stable， while the total content of amino acids increased by 8-40 times on average. Different amino acids form the special flavor of SSP， such as the TAV of glutamate is always ahead of other flavor substances， and sweet substances such as alanine and valine have made relatively great contributions to SSP. ConclusionBased on the law of constituent transformation， combined with the traditional evaluation index of "fragrant and strong"， it is difficult to control the fermentation degree of SSP by the existing standards in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. It is suggested that description of the characteristics of SSP be refined and changed to "fragrant， delicious and slightly sweet"， and at the same time， the post-fermentation index compounds such as glutamic acid， alanine and valine should be added as the quality control indicators of SSP， so as to standardize the production process and improve the quality of SSP.

BACKGROUND:Near infrared responsive hydrogels,have a variety of excellent properties such as high spatial and temporal precision,remote tunability,and safety and non-invasiveness,providing a new direction of exploration for the development of tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the application progress of near infrared responsive hydrogels in the field of tissue engineering in recent years. METHODS:The literature search was performed on PubMed and CNKI databases.The keywords were"near infrared responsive hydrogels,tissue engineering,bone defect,bone repair,bone regeneration,wound healing,wound dressing,angiogenesis"in Chinese and English.The search time limit was from May 2006 to October 2022 and extended for some classical literature.The abstracts and contents of the retrieved literature were analyzed,and the relevant literature was obtained according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.Finally,97 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Near infrared responsive materials are involved in tissue repair by controlling infection and reducing inflammation,promoting angiogenesis,osteoblast differentiation and new bone formation.(2)Near infrared responsive hydrogel can be prepared by constructing a thermosensitive hydrogel with a photothermal effect or by using a photochemical reaction.(3)Near infrared responsive hydrogels as wound dressings perform various functions such as rapid hemostasis,tissue adhesion through polymerization of polymer monomers,antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects,and promotion of angiopoiesis and epithelial regeneration through the local photothermal effect of photothermal nanomaterials during soft tissue healing and regeneration.(4)Near infrared responsive hydrogels function during bone reconstruction and repair by promoting osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells,stimulating the expression of heat shock proteins,and increasing angiogenesis.(5)Near infrared responsive hydrogels present a combination of multiple therapeutic strategies with significant synergistic therapeutic functions and are also being progressively developed for application in other tissue reconstruction and disease treatment scenarios.

Objective:Based on the cost-effectiveness,it aimed to assess the health benefits amd economic value of screening,di-agnosis,treatment,and optimal delicacy management of liver disease in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients.Methods:A Deci-sion tree-Markov model was developed to compare the cost-effectiveness of HCC screening and long-term surveillance versus no screening in population at risk from the health care system perspective.Results:It is found that HCC screening was a cost-effective approach compared to no screening(Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio[ICER]:17 790 yuan/QALY).Scenario analyses suggested that initiating HCC screening at the age of 40,as recommended by clinical guidelines,and implementing long-term surveillance based on risk stratification were more cost-effective.Conclusions:For the implementation of HCC screening programs,attention should be paid to improving participation and compliance among the population at risk,incorporating advanced screening methods,improving management efficiency with digital tools,and introducing innovative payment methods to reduce economic burden.

Based on the natures and flavors of herbal medicinals recorded in Shen Nong's Classic of the Materia Medica （《神农本草经》）； Miscellaneous Records of Famous Physicians （《名医别录》）， this study analyzed the characte-ristics of the natures， flavors and combination of medicinals of the two-herb compound formulas in Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases （《伤寒杂病论》）.Finally， 31 compound formulas were included， and it was found that the nature and flavor of the herbs in these two-herb compound formulas are closely related to the functions of the compound formulas， such as the common pairing of the acrid and the sweet herbs to warm yang and transform qi， the acrid and the bitter herbs in pairs to regulate and harmonize cold and heat， the sweet and the bitter in pairs to remove dampness and clear heat， the acrid and the acrid in pairs to arrest vomiting and direct qi downward， and the sour and the sweet in pairs to slow the urgent and relieve pain. Regardless of the deficiency or excess nature of the disease， the corresponding two-herb compound formulas often aim to reinforce healthy qi while eliminating pathogenic factors， with some formulas showcasing a unique correspondence between the disease pattern and the symptoms addressed.