BACKGROUND:Myocardial cell hypoxic injury is closely associated with oxidative stress and ferroptosis.Previous studies have shown that aloin has various effects such as antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-tumor activities.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of aloin on oxidative stress and ferroptosis in hypoxia-induced H9C2 cells.METHODS:A hypoxia model was established using H9C2 myocardial cells.Firstly,cell viability was determined to confirm the lack of cytotoxicity of aloin and to determine its optimal therapeutic concentration.Subsequently,the effects of aloin on hypoxia-induced lactate dehydrogenase release,reactive oxygen species production,and mitochondrial oxidative stress in H9C2 cells were evaluated using assay kits,dihydroethidium fluorescent probes,and MitoSOX?Red fluorescent probes,respectively.To verify the effect of aloin on ferroptosis,intracellular Fe2+content and lipid peroxidation level were detected using fluorescence staining and flow cytometry,respectively.Then,the expression levels of ferroptosis regulatory factors glutathione peroxidase 4,acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4,and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 were detected using western blot assay and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR techniques.Finally,the role of ferroptosis in aloin-mediated myocardial protection was further confirmed by using the ferroptosis inducer Erastin.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the control group,the viability of H9C2 cells in the hypoxia group was significantly decreased,lactate dehydrogenase release,reactive oxygen species level,mitochondrial oxidative stress degree,Fe2+content,and lipid peroxidation degree were significantly increased,while glutathione peroxidase 4 and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly decreased,and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased(all P＜0.05).(2)Compared with the hypoxia group,both low and high doses of aloin reversed the changes in above indicators(all P＜0.05).(3)Compared with the hypoxia+aloin group,the hypoxia+aloin+Erastin group showed a significant decrease in H9C2 cell viability and a significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase release(both P＜0.01).The results indicate that aloin has a protective effect on hypoxia-treated H9C2 cells in a dose-dependent manner,mainly achieved by inhibiting oxidative stress and ferroptosis.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of anti-G straining maneuver (AGSM) in pilots by surface electromyography (sEMG), and to explore the relationships between characteristics of sEMG and anti-G endurance in pilots.Methods:Thirty-eight male high-performance fighter pilots who completed the human centrifuge test at the Air Force Medical Center were selected. Among them, 25 completed the 8.0 G for 10 s anti-G endurance test and 13 completed the 9.0 G for 10 s anti-G endurance test. The sEMG tester was used to keep track of the changes of sEMG in rectus abdominis, rectus femoris, anterior tibial and gastrocnemius muscles while pilots were engaged in AGSM. The anti-G endurance was evaluated according to the changes of visual fields and consciousness. The pilots were divided into 3 groups: the good vision and consciousness group, peripheral visual field narrowing group and endurance endpoint group. The differences in the integral electromyogram (iEMG), mean power frequency (MPF) and muscle input rates between the 3 groups were investigated.Results:A total of 25 pilots completed the 8.0 G for 10 s anti-G endurance test. Among them, 8 (32.0%) were in the good vision and consciousness group, 13 (52.0%) in the peripheral visual field narrowing group and 4 (16.0%) reached the endurance endpoint. Among the 13 pilots who completed the 9.0 G for 10 s anti-G endurance test, 3 (23.1%) were in the good vision and consciousness group, 6 (46.1%) in the peripheral visual field narrowing group, and 4 (30.8%) in the endurance endpoint group. The results of sEMG showed that the iEMG values of the anterior tibialis muscle in pilots under the 9.0 G for 10 s load were significantly different across endurance groups ( H=7.54, P=0.023), and that the iEMG values of the tibialis anterior muscle in the good vision and consciousness group were higher than those in the endurance endpoint group ( P=0.036). The negative slopes of MPF for the rectus abdominis, rectus femoris, anterior tibialis, and gastrocnemius muscles were higher in the good vision and consciousness group than in the other 2 groups, but the differences were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). During the 8.0 G for 10 s anti-G endurance test, there were significant differences in lower limb muscle contribution rates between the 3 groups ( F=4.19, P=0.029). The endurance endpoint group exhibited a lower contribution rate than the good vision and consciousness group ( P=0.025). During the 9.0 G for 10 s anti-G endurance test, there were significant differences in tibialis anterior muscle contribution rates between the 3 groups ( F=4.16, P=0.049). The endurance endpoint group demonstrated a lower contribution rate than the good vision and consciousness group ( P=0.049). Conclusions:The full and balanced activation of abdominal muscles and lower limb muscles, especially the effective mobilization of calf muscles, plays a pivotal role in improving pilots′ AGSM efficiency in high G environments.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of spirometry and type 2 inflammation indicators of patients with CVA,ACO and CA to determine their clinical utility in identifying and distinguishing among CVA,ACO and CA patients.Methods Clinical data from 483 patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma,CVA,and bronchial asthma combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the outpatient department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from July 2023 to June 2024 were collected and divided into CA,CVA and ACO groups according to diagnosis.Comparison of spirometry,fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO),blood eosinophil(EOS),serum total immunoglobulin E(tIgE)and other tests between CA and CVA,CA and ACO groups.Perform logistic regression analysis on significant test results,then construct receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves to compare the area under the curve and corresponding cut-off values.Result There was a statistically significant difference in tIgE between the CVA and CA groups(P=0.018),whereas no significant differences were observed in FeNO and EOS.Additionally,no notable differences were found between the ACO and CA groups in tIgE,FeNO,or EOS.Finally,FEV1％pred(OR=1.086,P=0.019),FEV1/FVC(OR=1.153,P=0.023),and MEF50％pred(OR=0.922,P=0.045)were used to construct the discriminative model between CA and CVA.ROC curves were plotted,with FEV1％pred showing an AUC of 0.680(P<0.001),a Youden index of 0.358,and a corresponding cutoff value of 89.200.FEV1/FVC had an AUC of 0.684(P<0.001),a Youden index of 0.334,and a cutoff value of 76.075.MEF50％pred had an AUC of 0.668(P<0.001),a Youden index of 0.309,and a cutoff value of 59.800.The combined sensitivity of these three measures was 0.909,specificity was 0.514,positive predictive value was 0.600,negative predictive value was 0.873,and the AUC was 0.773(P<0.001),with a Youden index of 0.423.FEV1(OR=0.002,P=0.045),FEV1％pred(OR=1.490,P=0.006),and FEV1/FVC(OR=0.749,P=0.005)were used to construct the discriminative model between CA and ACO.ROC curves were plotted,with FEV1 showing an AUC of 0.819(P<0.001),a Youden index of 0.532,and a corresponding cutoff value of 2.060.FEV1％pred had an AUC of 0.788(P<0.001),a Youden index of 0.501,and a cutoff value of 75.000.FEV1/FVC had an AUC of 0.891(P<0.001),a Youden index of 0.678,and a cutoff value of 68.620.The combined sensitivity of these three measures was 1.000,specificity was 0.904,positive predictive value was 0.771,negative predictive value was 1.000,and the AUC was 0.973(P<0.001),with a Youden index of 0.904.Conclusions Differences exist in the spirometry among CVA,ACO and CA.The spirometry results incor-porated into the discriminative models provide good discriminative value for distinguishing between CA and CVA patients with similar clinical symptoms,as well as for identifying ACO in the CA population.

Objective:To explore the relationship between general demographic characteristics,inflammatory indicators,nutritional indicators,pathological data and lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer(EC)pa-tients,and to construct and validate a model for preoperative prediction of lymph node status in endometrial canc-er patients.Methods:The preoperative clinical data of 473 patients with EC who underwent surgical treatment in the Zhu Jiang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2010 to April 2024 were retrospectively ana-lyzed.The independent risk factors of lymph node metastasis of endometrial cancer were screened by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses,and the nomogram prediction model was constructed by R soft-ware.The performance of the model was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,calibra-tion curve and clinical decision curve.Results:Menopausal status,high grade biopsy pathology,CA125 ≥24.47U/ml,systemic immune inflammatory index(SII)≥710.91,and prognostic nutritional index(PNI)＜52.90 were in-dependent risk factors for lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer(OR＞1,P＜0.05).The nomogram model constructed based on these five factors had an AUC of 0.853 in the training set and 0.871 in the test set.The cali-bration curve fitted well,and the clinical decision curve shows a positive benefit.Conclusions:The endometrial cancer lymph node metastasis prediction model constructed based on menopausal status,biopsy pathology,CA125,SII,and PNI has good accuracy and fit,with certain clinical application value.

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of peripheral blood neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and thioredoxin reductase(TrxR)in patients with ovarian cancer receiving immunotherapy.Methods A total of 109 patients with advanced ovarian cancer treated in the Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects.The levels of NLR and TrxR in peripheral blood before immunotherapy were detected,and the evaluation value of NLR and TrxR on short-term efficacy,progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)in ovarian cancer pa-tients receiving immunotherapy was explored.Results The optimal cut-off values of TrxR and NLR were 4.97 U/mL and 2.49%,respectively.According to the optimal cut-off value of TrxR and NLR,the patients were divided into the high level of TrxR group(69 cases,≥4.97 U/mL)and the low level of TrxR group(40 cases,<4.97 U/mL),the high level of NLR group(72 cases,≥2.49%)and the low level of NLR group(37 cases,<2.49%).The objective response rate(ORR)of the high level of NLR group was lower than that of the low level NLR group(P<0.05),and the disease progression rate(DPR)was higher than that of the low NLR group(P<0.05).The high level of TrxR group had a significantly lower ORR and a significantly higher DPR than the low level of TrxR group(P<0.05).The median PFS and OS of the high level of NLR group were 15.0 months and 16.0 months,respectively.The median PFS and OS of the low level of NLR group were 19.0 months and 21.0 months,respectively.The median PFS and OS of the high level of TrxR group were 15.0 months and 17.0 months,respectively.The median PFS was 18.0 months and the median OS was 21.0 months in the low level of TrxR group.NLR and TrxR were the influencing factors of PFS and OS in pa-tients with ovarian cancer immunotherapy(P<0.05).Conclusion The levels of NLR and TrxR in peripheral blood can be used as important prognostic indicators for advanced ovarian cancer patients receiving immuno-therapy.The lower the levels of NLR and TrxR,the better the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of spirometry and type 2 inflammation indicators of patients with CVA,ACO and CA to determine their clinical utility in identifying and distinguishing among CVA,ACO and CA patients.Methods Clinical data from 483 patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma,CVA,and bronchial asthma combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the outpatient department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from July 2023 to June 2024 were collected and divided into CA,CVA and ACO groups according to diagnosis.Comparison of spirometry,fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO),blood eosinophil(EOS),serum total immunoglobulin E(tIgE)and other tests between CA and CVA,CA and ACO groups.Perform logistic regression analysis on significant test results,then construct receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves to compare the area under the curve and corresponding cut-off values.Result There was a statistically significant difference in tIgE between the CVA and CA groups(P=0.018),whereas no significant differences were observed in FeNO and EOS.Additionally,no notable differences were found between the ACO and CA groups in tIgE,FeNO,or EOS.Finally,FEV1％pred(OR=1.086,P=0.019),FEV1/FVC(OR=1.153,P=0.023),and MEF50％pred(OR=0.922,P=0.045)were used to construct the discriminative model between CA and CVA.ROC curves were plotted,with FEV1％pred showing an AUC of 0.680(P<0.001),a Youden index of 0.358,and a corresponding cutoff value of 89.200.FEV1/FVC had an AUC of 0.684(P<0.001),a Youden index of 0.334,and a cutoff value of 76.075.MEF50％pred had an AUC of 0.668(P<0.001),a Youden index of 0.309,and a cutoff value of 59.800.The combined sensitivity of these three measures was 0.909,specificity was 0.514,positive predictive value was 0.600,negative predictive value was 0.873,and the AUC was 0.773(P<0.001),with a Youden index of 0.423.FEV1(OR=0.002,P=0.045),FEV1％pred(OR=1.490,P=0.006),and FEV1/FVC(OR=0.749,P=0.005)were used to construct the discriminative model between CA and ACO.ROC curves were plotted,with FEV1 showing an AUC of 0.819(P<0.001),a Youden index of 0.532,and a corresponding cutoff value of 2.060.FEV1％pred had an AUC of 0.788(P<0.001),a Youden index of 0.501,and a cutoff value of 75.000.FEV1/FVC had an AUC of 0.891(P<0.001),a Youden index of 0.678,and a cutoff value of 68.620.The combined sensitivity of these three measures was 1.000,specificity was 0.904,positive predictive value was 0.771,negative predictive value was 1.000,and the AUC was 0.973(P<0.001),with a Youden index of 0.904.Conclusions Differences exist in the spirometry among CVA,ACO and CA.The spirometry results incor-porated into the discriminative models provide good discriminative value for distinguishing between CA and CVA patients with similar clinical symptoms,as well as for identifying ACO in the CA population.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of anti-G straining maneuver (AGSM) in pilots by surface electromyography (sEMG), and to explore the relationships between characteristics of sEMG and anti-G endurance in pilots.Methods:Thirty-eight male high-performance fighter pilots who completed the human centrifuge test at the Air Force Medical Center were selected. Among them, 25 completed the 8.0 G for 10 s anti-G endurance test and 13 completed the 9.0 G for 10 s anti-G endurance test. The sEMG tester was used to keep track of the changes of sEMG in rectus abdominis, rectus femoris, anterior tibial and gastrocnemius muscles while pilots were engaged in AGSM. The anti-G endurance was evaluated according to the changes of visual fields and consciousness. The pilots were divided into 3 groups: the good vision and consciousness group, peripheral visual field narrowing group and endurance endpoint group. The differences in the integral electromyogram (iEMG), mean power frequency (MPF) and muscle input rates between the 3 groups were investigated.Results:A total of 25 pilots completed the 8.0 G for 10 s anti-G endurance test. Among them, 8 (32.0%) were in the good vision and consciousness group, 13 (52.0%) in the peripheral visual field narrowing group and 4 (16.0%) reached the endurance endpoint. Among the 13 pilots who completed the 9.0 G for 10 s anti-G endurance test, 3 (23.1%) were in the good vision and consciousness group, 6 (46.1%) in the peripheral visual field narrowing group, and 4 (30.8%) in the endurance endpoint group. The results of sEMG showed that the iEMG values of the anterior tibialis muscle in pilots under the 9.0 G for 10 s load were significantly different across endurance groups ( H=7.54, P=0.023), and that the iEMG values of the tibialis anterior muscle in the good vision and consciousness group were higher than those in the endurance endpoint group ( P=0.036). The negative slopes of MPF for the rectus abdominis, rectus femoris, anterior tibialis, and gastrocnemius muscles were higher in the good vision and consciousness group than in the other 2 groups, but the differences were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). During the 8.0 G for 10 s anti-G endurance test, there were significant differences in lower limb muscle contribution rates between the 3 groups ( F=4.19, P=0.029). The endurance endpoint group exhibited a lower contribution rate than the good vision and consciousness group ( P=0.025). During the 9.0 G for 10 s anti-G endurance test, there were significant differences in tibialis anterior muscle contribution rates between the 3 groups ( F=4.16, P=0.049). The endurance endpoint group demonstrated a lower contribution rate than the good vision and consciousness group ( P=0.049). Conclusions:The full and balanced activation of abdominal muscles and lower limb muscles, especially the effective mobilization of calf muscles, plays a pivotal role in improving pilots′ AGSM efficiency in high G environments.

Objective:To explore the relationship between general demographic characteristics,inflammatory indicators,nutritional indicators,pathological data and lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer(EC)pa-tients,and to construct and validate a model for preoperative prediction of lymph node status in endometrial canc-er patients.Methods:The preoperative clinical data of 473 patients with EC who underwent surgical treatment in the Zhu Jiang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2010 to April 2024 were retrospectively ana-lyzed.The independent risk factors of lymph node metastasis of endometrial cancer were screened by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses,and the nomogram prediction model was constructed by R soft-ware.The performance of the model was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,calibra-tion curve and clinical decision curve.Results:Menopausal status,high grade biopsy pathology,CA125 ≥24.47U/ml,systemic immune inflammatory index(SII)≥710.91,and prognostic nutritional index(PNI)＜52.90 were in-dependent risk factors for lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer(OR＞1,P＜0.05).The nomogram model constructed based on these five factors had an AUC of 0.853 in the training set and 0.871 in the test set.The cali-bration curve fitted well,and the clinical decision curve shows a positive benefit.Conclusions:The endometrial cancer lymph node metastasis prediction model constructed based on menopausal status,biopsy pathology,CA125,SII,and PNI has good accuracy and fit,with certain clinical application value.

BACKGROUND:Myocardial cell hypoxic injury is closely associated with oxidative stress and ferroptosis.Previous studies have shown that aloin has various effects such as antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-tumor activities.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of aloin on oxidative stress and ferroptosis in hypoxia-induced H9C2 cells.METHODS:A hypoxia model was established using H9C2 myocardial cells.Firstly,cell viability was determined to confirm the lack of cytotoxicity of aloin and to determine its optimal therapeutic concentration.Subsequently,the effects of aloin on hypoxia-induced lactate dehydrogenase release,reactive oxygen species production,and mitochondrial oxidative stress in H9C2 cells were evaluated using assay kits,dihydroethidium fluorescent probes,and MitoSOX?Red fluorescent probes,respectively.To verify the effect of aloin on ferroptosis,intracellular Fe2+content and lipid peroxidation level were detected using fluorescence staining and flow cytometry,respectively.Then,the expression levels of ferroptosis regulatory factors glutathione peroxidase 4,acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4,and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 were detected using western blot assay and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR techniques.Finally,the role of ferroptosis in aloin-mediated myocardial protection was further confirmed by using the ferroptosis inducer Erastin.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the control group,the viability of H9C2 cells in the hypoxia group was significantly decreased,lactate dehydrogenase release,reactive oxygen species level,mitochondrial oxidative stress degree,Fe2+content,and lipid peroxidation degree were significantly increased,while glutathione peroxidase 4 and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly decreased,and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased(all P＜0.05).(2)Compared with the hypoxia group,both low and high doses of aloin reversed the changes in above indicators(all P＜0.05).(3)Compared with the hypoxia+aloin group,the hypoxia+aloin+Erastin group showed a significant decrease in H9C2 cell viability and a significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase release(both P＜0.01).The results indicate that aloin has a protective effect on hypoxia-treated H9C2 cells in a dose-dependent manner,mainly achieved by inhibiting oxidative stress and ferroptosis.

Objective To explore the effect of task-oriented training of intelligent mirror gloves combined with low-frequency repeti-tive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)on hand function recovery in stroke patients. Methods From October 1st,2022 to June 30th,2023,136 stroke patients in Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital were ran-domly divided into control group,mirror group,rTMS group and combination group,with 34 patients in each group.All the groups received routine rehabilitation treatment.In addition,the mirror group received task-orient-ed training of intelligent mirror gloves,rTMS group received low-frequency rTMS,and the combination group received task-oriented training combined with low-frequency rTMS,for four weeks.The Fugl-Meyer Assess-ment-Upper Extremities(FMA-UE)score,Wolf Motor Function Test(WMFT)score,and surface electromyo-graphic root mean square(RMS)of forearm extensor and flexor muscle groups on the affected/healthy side be-fore and after treatment were compared.And the differences of transcranial magnetic stimulation-motor-evoked potentials(MEP)between rTMS group and combination group before and after treatment were also compared. Results Four cases in the control group,seven in the mirror group,five in rTMS group and six in the combination group dropped off.The intra-group effect(F>996.656,P<0.001),inter-group effect(F>20.333,P<0.001)and inter-action effect(F>72.796,P<0.001)were significant in the scores of FMA-UE and WMFT,and the RMS ratio of forearm extensor and flexor muscle groups among four groups,in which the combination group was the best.After treatment,the amplitude of MEP increased in rTMS group and combination group(|t|>3.842,P<0.05),and was higher in the combination group than in rTMS group(t=-3.060,P<0.01). Conclusion The task-oriented training of intelligent mirror gloves combined with low-frequency rTMS could effectively promote the recovery of hand function in stroke patients.