OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze the correlations and proportional relationships between maxillary anterior teeth (MAT) and facial measurements in Han Chinese individuals with the most attractive smiles, as evaluated by dental professionals. METHODS: Ten dentists with more than 5 years of clinical experience from different professional directions in a tertiary stomatological hospital were selected to evaluate the smile attractiveness of volunteers by visual analogue scale (VAS). Eighty-eight Han volunteers with the most attractive smile were selected. The perceived width of the MAT, the dimensions (height and width) of the maxillary central incisors (MCI), and the facial dimensions (intercanthal distance, interzygomatic distance, interalar distance, facial height and lower facial height) of the volunteers were measured on the frontal photos of the smile, digital oral model, and 3D face model. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze linear correlations, and regression analysis was carried out to explore the proportional relationships. Reliability analysis using the intraclass correlation coefficient verified the stability of these proportional relationships. In addition, the correlations between MAT perceived width and the proportional relationships of (MCI) height to width ratio, with facial dimensions were explored and their reliability was verified. RESULTS: In Han Chinese individuals with the most attractive smiles, as evaluated by dental professionals, the Pearson correlation coefficients among MAT perceived widths were 0.813, 0.389, and 0.560. A proportional relationship existed between the lateral incisor and central incisor, and the ratio was 0.729. No significant correlations were found between MCI and the inner canthal distance, zygomatic distance, interalar distance, facial height, or the lower one-third facial height except for a negative correlation (r=-0.357) between MCI height and facial height in males and a positive correlation (r=0.249) between MCI width and interalar width when genders were combined. CONCLUSIONS Correlations exist among MAT perceived widths in Han Chinese individuals with the most attractive smiles, as evaluated by dental professionals. Partial correlations are observed between MCI height and width and facial measurements. The perceived width of the lateral incisor can serve as a reference indicator for predicting the perceived width of the central incisor, providing a reference for the aesthetic restoration of MAT in the Han ethnicity population.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; China ; Esthetics, Dental ; Face/anatomy & histology* ; Incisor/anatomy & histology* ; Maxilla/anatomy & histology* ; Smiling ; East Asian People

Objective:This study aimed to analyze the clinical manifestations of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection within 100 days after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and to investigate the association of HHV-6 viral load with clinical outcomes as well as the effect of antiviral treatment on the course of HHV-6 infection.Methods:This retrospective study included patients who tested positive for HHV-6 within 100 days after allo-HSCT at the Peking University Institute of Hematology from February 2016 to February 2023. The study analyzed the patients' baseline characteristics, including age and transplantation type, as well as their clinical manifestations. Additionally, post-transplant complications were examined.Results:This study detected that 305 patients with HHV-6 infection were positive with a median time of 20 days post-transplant. Fifteen patients were asymptomatic, whereas the remaining patients exhibited the following symptoms: fever, rash, diarrhea, hemorrhagic cystitis, delayed platelet engraftment, central nervous system symptoms, abdominal pain, pneumonia and perioral numbness. Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) was diagnosed in 189 patients, with 45 cases of HHV-6 infection occurring before the onset of aGVHD and 120 cases occurring after aGVHD developed. Quantitative HHV-6 detection was available for 45 patients, and no statistically significant differences were found in the clinical manifestations according to the viral titer. A total of 108 (35.41%) patients experienced coactivation with other viruses, including cytomegalovirus, BK virus, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Notably, coinfection with EBV was determined as an independent risk factor for overall survival (OS). No statistically significant difference in the time to HHV-6 viral clearance was observed between the antiviral treatment and non-treatment groups [7 (5-10) days vs 8 (4-14) days, P=0.199]. Similarly, the 5-year OS rates between the two groups were not significantly different [ (82.7 ± 2.6) % vs (91.3 ± 3.1) %, χ2=3.304, P=0.069]. Discussion:The most prevalent clinical manifestations were fever, rash, and diarrhea in patients with HHV-6 infection after allo-HSCT. No significant correlation was found between the severity of the clinical symptoms and the viral titer. Additionally, no significant differences in the time to HHV-6 clearance or 5-year OS were observed between patients who received antiviral treatment and those who did not.

Humans ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation Conditioning ; Graft vs Host Disease

Objective:This study aimed to analyze the clinical manifestations of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection within 100 days after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and to investigate the association of HHV-6 viral load with clinical outcomes as well as the effect of antiviral treatment on the course of HHV-6 infection.Methods:This retrospective study included patients who tested positive for HHV-6 within 100 days after allo-HSCT at the Peking University Institute of Hematology from February 2016 to February 2023. The study analyzed the patients' baseline characteristics, including age and transplantation type, as well as their clinical manifestations. Additionally, post-transplant complications were examined.Results:This study detected that 305 patients with HHV-6 infection were positive with a median time of 20 days post-transplant. Fifteen patients were asymptomatic, whereas the remaining patients exhibited the following symptoms: fever, rash, diarrhea, hemorrhagic cystitis, delayed platelet engraftment, central nervous system symptoms, abdominal pain, pneumonia and perioral numbness. Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) was diagnosed in 189 patients, with 45 cases of HHV-6 infection occurring before the onset of aGVHD and 120 cases occurring after aGVHD developed. Quantitative HHV-6 detection was available for 45 patients, and no statistically significant differences were found in the clinical manifestations according to the viral titer. A total of 108 (35.41%) patients experienced coactivation with other viruses, including cytomegalovirus, BK virus, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Notably, coinfection with EBV was determined as an independent risk factor for overall survival (OS). No statistically significant difference in the time to HHV-6 viral clearance was observed between the antiviral treatment and non-treatment groups [7 (5-10) days vs 8 (4-14) days, P=0.199]. Similarly, the 5-year OS rates between the two groups were not significantly different [ (82.7 ± 2.6) % vs (91.3 ± 3.1) %, χ2=3.304, P=0.069]. Discussion:The most prevalent clinical manifestations were fever, rash, and diarrhea in patients with HHV-6 infection after allo-HSCT. No significant correlation was found between the severity of the clinical symptoms and the viral titer. Additionally, no significant differences in the time to HHV-6 clearance or 5-year OS were observed between patients who received antiviral treatment and those who did not.

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of haplo-identical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) conditioning with the same dosage form of antithymoglobulin (ATG) in patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) failure to ATG.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 65 patients with SAA who failed ATG treatment and received haplo-HSCT conditioning with the same dosage of ATG at the Institute of Hematology, Peking University People′s Hospital between July 2008 and October 2020 were included as the ATG treatment failure group. An additional 65 SAA patients who applied ATG for the first time during haplo-HSCT were randomly selected by stratified sampling as the first-line haplo-HSCT group. Baseline clinical data and follow-up data of the two groups were collected. Conditioning-related toxicity within 10 days after ATG application and long-term prognosis were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier was used to calculate the overall survival rate, and the Log-rank test was applied to compare the rates of the two groups.Results:In the ATG treatment failure group, there were 36 males and 29 females, and the age at the time of transplantation [ M ( Q1, Q3)] was 16 (8, 25) years. In the first-line haplo-HSCT group, there were 35 males and 30 females, with a median age of 17 (7, 26) years. Within 10 days of ATG application, the incidence of noninfectious fever, noninfectious diarrhea, and liver injury in the ATG treatment failure group was 78% (51 cases), 45% (29 cases), and 28% (18 cases), respectively, and in the first-line haplo-HSCT group was 74% (48 cases), 54% (35 cases), and 25% (16 cases), respectively; the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant for any of these three parameters (all P>0.05). For graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), there was no significant difference between the ATG treatment failure group and the first-line haplo-HSCT group in the development of 100 day Ⅱ to Ⅳ acute GVHD (29.51%±0.35% vs. 25.42%±0.33%), Ⅲ to Ⅳ acute GVHD (6.56%±0.10% vs. 6.78%±0.11%), and 3-year chronic GVHD (26.73%±0.36% vs. 21.15%±0.30%) (all P>0.05). Three-year overall survival (79.6%±5.1% vs. 84.6%±4.5%) and 3-year failure-free survival (79.6%±5.1% vs. 81.5%±4.8%) were also comparable between these two groups (both P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with no exposure to ATG before HSCT, similar early adverse effects and comparable survival outcomes were achieved in patients with SAA who failed previous ATG treatment and received haplo-HSCT conditioning with the same dosage form of ATG. This might indicate that previous failure of ATG treatment does not significantly impact the efficacy and safety of salvaging haplo-HSCT in patients with SAA.

Most information used to evaluate diabetic statuses is collected at a special time-point, such as taking fasting plasma glucose test and providing a limited view of individual's health and disease risk. As a new parameter for continuously evaluating personal clinical statuses, the newly developed technique "continuous glucose monitoring" (CGM) can characterize glucose dynamics. By calculating the complexity of glucose time series index (CGI) with refined composite multi-scale entropy analysis of the CGM data, the study showed for the first time that the complexity of glucose time series in subjects decreased gradually from normal glucose tolerance to impaired glucose regulation and then to type 2 diabetes (P for trend < 0.01). Furthermore, CGI was significantly associated with various parameters such as insulin sensitivity/secretion (all P < 0.01), and multiple linear stepwise regression showed that the disposition index, which reflects β-cell function after adjusting for insulin sensitivity, was the only independent factor correlated with CGI (P < 0.01). Our findings indicate that the CGI derived from the CGM data may serve as a novel marker to evaluate glucose homeostasis.
Humans ; Glucose ; Blood Glucose ; Insulin Resistance/physiology* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis* ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; Time Factors ; Insulin

Lifestyle interventions, including dietary adjustments and exercise, are important for obesity management. This study enrolled adults with overweight or obesity to explore whether either low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) or exercise is more effective in metabolism improvement. Forty-five eligible subjects were randomly divided into an LCD group (n = 22) and an exercise group (EX, n = 23). The subjects either adopted LCD (carbohydrate intake < 50 g/day) or performed moderate-to-vigorous exercise (⩾ 30 min/day) for 3 weeks. After the interventions, LCD led to a larger weight loss than EX ( - 3.56 ± 0.37 kg vs. - 1.24 ± 0.39 kg, P < 0.001), as well as a larger reduction in fat mass ( - 2.10 ± 0.18 kg vs. - 1.25 ± 0.24 kg, P = 0.007) and waist circumference ( - 5.25 ± 0.52 cm vs. - 3.45 ± 0.38 cm, P = 0.008). Both interventions reduced visceral and subcutaneous fat and improved liver steatosis and insulin resistance. Triglycerides decreased in both two groups, whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in the LCD group but decreased in the EX group. Various glycemic parameters, including serum glycated albumin, mean sensor glucose, coefficient of variability (CV), and largest amplitude of glycemic excursions, substantially declined in the LCD group. Only CV slightly decreased after exercise. This pilot study suggested that the effects of LCD and exercise are similar in alleviating liver steatosis and insulin resistance. Compared with exercise, LCD might be more efficient for weight loss and glucose homeostasis in people with obesity.
Adult ; Blood Glucose ; Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Weight Loss

Objective To explore the clinical value and significance of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) assessment test (CAT) in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).Methods A prospective observational study was conducted,AECOPD patients were admitted to the Department of Respiration Medicine in Jiaxing Second Hospital from February 2011 to July 2016 were enrolled,and they all underwent CAT assessment test and lung function examination.The patients were assigned to Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ grade groups according to the lung function level,and the difference of forced expiratory end volume in 1 second (FEV1) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio were compared among the three groups;the patients were also assigned into 2,3 and 4 grade groups according to CAT scores,and the difference of length of stay in the hospital and hospitalization expenses were compared among the three groups.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations between the CAT score and lung function indexes.Results One hundred and thirty-five patients with AECOPD were accepted and all of their clinical data were analyzed in the study.Their mean FEV1 was (0.42±0.16) L,FEV1/FVC was 0.44 ±0.13 and CAT score was 26.64 ± 5.43.The correlation analyses showed:there were significant negative correlations between CAT score and FEV1,FEV1/FVC (r value was-0.691,-0.728,both P ＜ 0.001).With the elevation of lung function grade,FEV1 and FEV1/FVC were decreased gradually (1Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ grade groups were 0.62±0.07,0.40±0.06,0.25±0.03 and 0.64±0.01,0.40±0.00,0.33±0.06 respectively),while CAT score raised gradually (20.03 ± 3.36,28.30 ± 3.31,30.18±3.86,all P ＜ 0.01);with the CAT score getting higher and higher,hospitalization expenses (yuan) and the length of stay in hospital (day) of patients with AECOPD were increased significantly (2,3,4 grade groups:expense were 6214.09±1396.16,8339.31±1866.46,9600.97±4339.87,and length of stay in hospital were 7.54± 1.62,9.52±2.21,14.85 ±5.62,respectively,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion CAT is a reliable tool to measure the life quality of AECOPD patients and has certain relevance to the severity and prognosis of the disease.

Adenoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parathyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; Spinal Neoplasms ; secondary