Objective To explore the research hotspots and developmental trends in urological education through a bibliometric analysis. Methods Relevant literature on urological education was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases, covering all records up to Sep.16, 2025.A comprehensive bibliometric analysis was performed on the retrieved publications. Results A total of 303 Chinese and 290 English articles were collected.The annual number of publications demonstrated an overall upward trend.Harvard University in the United States was the most productive institution in this field. Conclusion Urological clinical education has attracted increasing attention from clinicians and medical trainees.Highly cited studies consistently highlight three actionable priorities for urological education:firstly, improving long-term knowledge retention through structured, spaced, and feedback-rich learning designs; secondly, standardizing simulation-based skills training with validated assessment and staged credentialing; thirdly, strengthening training system resilience while expanding non-technical skills training.These directions provide implementable pathways for optimizing urological teaching practices and the standardized residency training programs.

The recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH) can be used for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) preparation before ¹³¹I therapy, and follow-up. Since its approval by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1998, rhTSH has been clinically used in European countries, the United States, and other countries for nearly 30 years. In April 2024, China’s first independently developed rhTSH agent was approved. Based on clinical experience and evidence from domestic and international studies, an expert consensus on the application of rhTSH has been developed following thorough consultations among experts. The consensus offers evidence-based recommendations to guide the appropriate use of rhTSH in clinical practice.

Periodontitis is a common oral disease characterized by progressive alveolar bone resorption and inflammation of the periodontal tissues. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has been used in the treatment of various immune-inflammatory diseases due to its excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions. Here, we investigated for the first time the therapeutic effect of DMF on periodontitis. In vivo studies showed that DMF significantly inhibited periodontal destruction, enhanced mitophagy, and decreased the M1/M2 macrophage ratio. In vitro studies showed that DMF inhibited macrophage polarization toward M1 macrophages and promoted polarization toward M2 macrophages, with improved mitochondrial function, inhibited oxidative stress, and increased mitophagy in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, DMF increased intracellular mitochondrial Tu translation elongation factor (TUFM) levels to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis, promoted mitophagy, and modulated macrophage polarization, whereas TUFM knockdown decreased the protective effect of DMF. Finally, mechanistic studies showed that DMF increased intracellular TUFM levels by protecting TUFM from degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation pathway. Our results demonstrate for the first time that DMF protects mitochondrial function and inhibits oxidative stress through TUFM-mediated mitophagy in macrophages, resulting in a shift in the balance of macrophage polarization, thereby attenuating periodontitis. Importantly, this study provides new insights into the prevention of periodontitis.
Dimethyl Fumarate/pharmacology* ; Mitophagy/drug effects* ; Animals ; Mice ; Macrophages/metabolism* ; Periodontitis/prevention & control* ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; Peptide Elongation Factor Tu/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Male ; Mitochondria/drug effects*

The cooccurrence of NPM1, FLT3-ITD, and DNMT3A mutations (i.e., triple mutation) is related to dismal prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) receiving chemotherapy alone. In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, we aimed to identify whether allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) could overcome the poor prognosis of DNMT3A^mutNPM1^mutFLT3-ITD^mut AML across four transplant centers in China. Fifty-three patients with triple-mutated AML receiving allo-HSCT in complete remission were enrolled. The 1.5-year probabilities of relapse, leukemia-free survival, and overall survival after allo-HSCT were 11.9%, 80.3%, and 81.8%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that more than one course of induction chemotherapy and allo-HSCT beyond CR1 were associated with poor survival. To our knowledge, this work is the largest study to explore the up-to-date undefined role of allo-HSCT in patients with triple-mutated AML. Our real-world data suggest that allo-HSCT could overcome the poor prognosis of DNMT3A^mutNPM1^mutFLT3-ITD^mut in AML.
Humans ; Nucleophosmin ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/methods* ; Male ; Female ; DNA Methyltransferase 3A ; Adult ; China ; Retrospective Studies ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/genetics* ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/genetics* ; Mutation ; Young Adult ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics* ; Adolescent ; Aged

Objective:To assess the predictive value of acute liver failure (ALF) for sepsis-free survival (SFS) in burn patients and to identify associated risk factors.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on burn patients meeting inclusion criteria from the 2014 Kunshan aluminum dust explosion disaster (August 2, 2014 - April 13, 2015). Eligible patients were stratified into ALF and non-ALF groups based on the development of ALF. Demographic characteristics, total burn surface area, organ dysfunction, time to sepsis onset, and clinical outcomes were collected and compared between groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox regression were performed to assess the impact of ALF on SFS. A nomogram model was constructed for individualized risk prediction.Results:Among 185 enrolled patients (ALF group:21, non-ALF group:164), ALF incidence was 11.35%. The ALF group demonstrated higher mortality (85.71% vs. 34.15%, P<0.001) and SFS failure rates (100.00% vs. 61.59%, P<0.001) compared to non-ALF patients. Multivariate Cox analysis identified ALF as an independent sepsis predictor ( HR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.00-2.80, P<0.05). Time-dependent ROC analysis showed AUCs of 0.626, 0.714, 0.703, and 0.706 for SFS prediction at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks respectively. The nomogram model demonstrated that ALF combined with other parameters effectively predicted sepsis risk within 2-12 weeks post-injury. ALF development showed significant associations with concurrent organ dysfunction including acute kidney injury, acute heart failure, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (all P<0.001). A higher proportion of ALF patients received hemodialysis ( P<0.001) and pre-hospital central venous catheterization ( P=0.017). Conclusions:ALF independently predicts SFS failure and correlates strongly with poor prognosis in burn patients. Early ALF recognition and targeted interventions may facilitate sepsis risk stratification and precision prevention strategies.

Objective To promote the objectification and intelligence of clinical TCM tongue diagnosis in ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods Daosheng DS01-B tongue and face diagnosis information collection system was used to prospectively collect tongue image pictures of patients with ulcerative colitis damp-heat in the large intestine syndrome(DCSR)and spleen deficiency dampness retention syndrome(PXSY),with totaling 1096 images.After UC tongue image segmentation,preprocessing,and data augmentation,a data set of UC tongue images was formed.Based on ResNet50,a UC tongue image classification model was constructed using feature fusion methods and attention modules.Results The UC tongue image classification model constructed had better classification performance,with an average F1 value of 85.09%,an AUC value of 0.83 for PXSY,and an AUC value of 0.81 for DCSR,both of which were higher than the VGG11 and ResNet50 models.Conclusion The constructed UC tongue image classification model can effectively identify DCSR and PXSY,providing a new approach to improve the accuracy and objectivity of UC differentiation and assisting in the intelligence of TCM tongue diagnosis.

Objective To promote the objectification and intelligence of clinical TCM tongue diagnosis in ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods Daosheng DS01-B tongue and face diagnosis information collection system was used to prospectively collect tongue image pictures of patients with ulcerative colitis damp-heat in the large intestine syndrome(DCSR)and spleen deficiency dampness retention syndrome(PXSY),with totaling 1096 images.After UC tongue image segmentation,preprocessing,and data augmentation,a data set of UC tongue images was formed.Based on ResNet50,a UC tongue image classification model was constructed using feature fusion methods and attention modules.Results The UC tongue image classification model constructed had better classification performance,with an average F1 value of 85.09%,an AUC value of 0.83 for PXSY,and an AUC value of 0.81 for DCSR,both of which were higher than the VGG11 and ResNet50 models.Conclusion The constructed UC tongue image classification model can effectively identify DCSR and PXSY,providing a new approach to improve the accuracy and objectivity of UC differentiation and assisting in the intelligence of TCM tongue diagnosis.

Objective To explore growth pattern of neo-aortic root as well as development of neo-aortic regurgitation after arterial switch operation (ASO) for Taussig-Bing anomaly. Methods From 2002 to 2017, the patients who received ASO, and were discharged alive from Shanghai Children’s Medical Center and followed up for more than 3 years were retrospectively involved in this study. Results A total of 127 patients were enrolled. There were 98 (77.2%) males, the median age at ASO was 73.0 d and the average weight was 4.7 kg. Forty-five (35.4%) children were complicated with mild or mild-to-moderate pulmonary insufficiency (PI) before ASO. The average follow-up time was 7.0 years. During the follow-up, 14 (11.0%) children presented moderate or greater neo-aortic regurgitation (neo-AR). The diameter of neo-aortic annulus and sinus of Valsalva was beyond normal range during the entire follow-up. The average diameter of neo-aortic annulus was 18.0 mm at 5 years and 20.5 mm at 10 years. The average diameter of sinus of Valsalva was 25.9 mm at 5 years and 31.1 mm at 10 years. Neo-AR continued to develop over time. The diameter of children who developed moderate or greater neo-AR was constantly larger than that of children who did not (χ2=18.3, P<0.001). Preoperative mild or mild-to-moderate PI was an independent risk factor for the development of moderate or greater neo-AR during mid-to-long term follow-up (c-HR=3.46, P=0.03). Conclusion The diameters of neo-aortic annulus and sinus of Valsalva of Taussig-Bing children who receive ASO repair continue to expand without normalization. The dilation of annulus correlates with the development of neo-AR. PI before ASO repair increases the risk of neo-AR development.

FOXM1(forkhead box M1)is an important member of the FOX transcription factor family and plays a critical role in driving the progression of multiple malignancies through its transcriptional regulatory functions.Moreover,the overexpression of FOXM1 is associated with poor prognosis in many types of cancer,as it regulates a variety of biological processes such as gene expression,cell proliferation,invasion,metastasis,and apoptosis.Presently,aberrant metabolic reprogramming has been considered as the major characteristic of cancer development,determining the survival,growth,and proliferation of tumor cells.Accumulating evidence suggests that FOXM1 serves as a"bridge"between metabolism and tumorigenesis.This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the research progress in the relationship between FOXM1 and tumor cell metabolism,offering theoretical insights for the development of novel anti-cancer drugs targeting FOXM1.