Objective To investigate the occurrence of liver function abnormalities in patients with follicular lymphoma(FL)treated with the G-CDOP regimen in the real world.Methods Using the hospital information system,a retrospective collection of clinical data was conducted on inpatients diagnosed with FL and treated with at least four courses of the G-CDOP regimen in the Department of Hematology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September 2021 to August 2023.The analysis focused on the incidence,severity,and types of liver function abnormalities,as well as the timing of these occurrences in relation to medication use and other relevant clinical characteristics.Results The study encompassed a total of 55 patients with FL,out of which 30 patients encountered liver function abnormalities during the G-CDOP regimen treatment,yielding an incidence rate of 54.5%.There were 23 cases(41.8%)of grade 1,3 cases(5.5%)of grade 2,and 4 cases(7.3%)of grade 3 liver function abnormalities.Among them,12 cases(21.8%)were hepatocellular injury type,while the cholestasis type was observed in 4 cases(7.3%),and the mixed type was found in 14 cases(25.5%).Liver function abnormalities appeared in 21 patients(38.2%)during the first cycle of the G-CDOP regimen treatment,5 patients(9.1%)in the second cycle,and 1 patient(1.8%),2 patients(3.6%),and 1 patient(1.8%)in the third,fourth,and fifth cycles.Conclusion The G-CDOP regimen has the potential to impact liver function indicators in FL patients,but most are mild and reversible.However,there are also cases of severe liver injury that need to attract clinical attention.

Objective To investigate the occurrence of liver function abnormalities in patients with follicular lymphoma(FL)treated with the G-CDOP regimen in the real world.Methods Using the hospital information system,a retrospective collection of clinical data was conducted on inpatients diagnosed with FL and treated with at least four courses of the G-CDOP regimen in the Department of Hematology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September 2021 to August 2023.The analysis focused on the incidence,severity,and types of liver function abnormalities,as well as the timing of these occurrences in relation to medication use and other relevant clinical characteristics.Results The study encompassed a total of 55 patients with FL,out of which 30 patients encountered liver function abnormalities during the G-CDOP regimen treatment,yielding an incidence rate of 54.5%.There were 23 cases(41.8%)of grade 1,3 cases(5.5%)of grade 2,and 4 cases(7.3%)of grade 3 liver function abnormalities.Among them,12 cases(21.8%)were hepatocellular injury type,while the cholestasis type was observed in 4 cases(7.3%),and the mixed type was found in 14 cases(25.5%).Liver function abnormalities appeared in 21 patients(38.2%)during the first cycle of the G-CDOP regimen treatment,5 patients(9.1%)in the second cycle,and 1 patient(1.8%),2 patients(3.6%),and 1 patient(1.8%)in the third,fourth,and fifth cycles.Conclusion The G-CDOP regimen has the potential to impact liver function indicators in FL patients,but most are mild and reversible.However,there are also cases of severe liver injury that need to attract clinical attention.

Bones possess metabolic activity, with their homeostasis maintained by bone resorption and bone formation mediated by osteoclasts and osteoblasts. By measuring bone metabolism markers, the overall state of bone metabolism and dynamic changes in systemic bone tissue can be reflected. Traditional bone turnover markers, including alkaline phosphatase, bonespecific alkaline phosphatase, procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide, procollagen type 1 C-terminal propeptide, osteocalcin, c-terminal telopeptides of type 1 collagen(CTX) and its subtype β-CTX, n-terminal telopeptides of type 1 collagen, have been widely used in clinical practice but still have limitations in terms of stability, diagnostic reliability, and specific reflection of bone sites. Recently, novel bone turnover markers like microRNA, C-X-C chemokine ligand 12, Gelsolin, Annexin A2, sclerostin, Dickkopf-related protein 1, and citrate have garnered significant attention. This article endeavors to conduct a review of the production, mechanism of action, detection methods, diagnostic value, and application prospects of new bone turnover markers in osteoporosis, thereby offering novel ideas for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporosis.

Bones possess metabolic activity, with their homeostasis maintained by bone resorption and bone formation mediated by osteoclasts and osteoblasts. By measuring bone metabolism markers, the overall state of bone metabolism and dynamic changes in systemic bone tissue can be reflected. Traditional bone turnover markers, including alkaline phosphatase, bonespecific alkaline phosphatase, procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide, procollagen type 1 C-terminal propeptide, osteocalcin, c-terminal telopeptides of type 1 collagen(CTX) and its subtype β-CTX, n-terminal telopeptides of type 1 collagen, have been widely used in clinical practice but still have limitations in terms of stability, diagnostic reliability, and specific reflection of bone sites. Recently, novel bone turnover markers like microRNA, C-X-C chemokine ligand 12, Gelsolin, Annexin A2, sclerostin, Dickkopf-related protein 1, and citrate have garnered significant attention. This article endeavors to conduct a review of the production, mechanism of action, detection methods, diagnostic value, and application prospects of new bone turnover markers in osteoporosis, thereby offering novel ideas for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporosis.

An 61-year-old woman presenting deep vein thrombosis and persistent positive anticardiolipin antibodies was diagnosed as antiphospholipid syndrome and treated with low molecular weight heparin. Before and after anticoagulant therapy, continuous positive fecal occult-blood was found asymptomatically. Colonoscopy confirmed rectal cancer. Antiphospholipid autoantibodies are non-specially positive in some malignances, especially in elder onset patients. Thus, routine screening of malignancies is strongly suggested.

Objective To test the inhabiting effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus on E.coli O157: H7 in intestinal colonization and explore its mechanism. Methods The suppressive effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus against E.coli O157:H7 adhering to Ht29 cells were carried out by competition , exclusion and replacement as-says. Furthermore, we evaluated the cytokine levels of IL-4, IL-12, and INF-γ in serum of mice. In addition, E.coli O157:H7 fecal shedding was monitored and the pathological changes of intestines were observed in mice. Results The competition, exclusion and replacement assays showed Lactobacillus acidophilus inhibited E.coli O157:H7 adhering to Ht29 cells. In vivo, the mice of treatment group were induced significantly higher level of IL-4, IL-12, and INF-γ, though prevention group induced IL-12 only. Fifteen days after E.coli O157:H7 infec-tion, there were 8 mice (80%) in prevention group and 5 mice (50%) in treatment group stopped shedding. Moreover, the pathological changes of intestines of both prevention group and treatment group appeared normal , but control groups showed seriously damaged in intestinal villus. Conclusion Lactobacillus acidophilus inhibits E.coli O157:H7 in intestinal colonization and the preventative effect was better than treatment effect. Thus , Lac-tobacillus acidophilus can be used for E.coli O157:H7 in prevention and treatment infection as probiotics.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics in patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) and to identify potential predictors of thrombotic events.Methods A total of 107 patients with PAPS were enrolled in our study, who were admitted in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2004 to December 2014.Demographic data, age at onset, disease duration, past history of hypertension and regular cigarette smoking, clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, management and prognosis were retrospectively collected.Bivariate statistical analysis and logistical regression test were performed to compare the discrepancy between patients with or without thromboembolic events.Results In 107 patients, there were 65 female and 42 male patients, with mean age (39.8 ± 15.8) years old, median disease duration 10.5 (2.0, 48.0) months.A total of 72(67.3％) patients reported episodes of thromboembolic events, including 72 venous thromboses and 29 arterial thromboses.The most frequent venous thromboses were deep vein thromboses (35.5％), pulmonary embolism the second common (29.9％), with cranial venous sinus thromboses the following (8.4％).In arterial thromboembolic events, the incidence of transient ischemic attack (TIA) and ischemic stoke was the highest (14.0％), embolism of lower extremities the second (6.5％) ,and 4 patients (3.7％) with acute myocardial infarction.Sixty seven patients (62.6％)had positive lupus anticoagulant, 60 patients (56.1％)with positive anticardiolipin antibody,32 patients (29.9％, 32/74) with positive β2 glycoprotein Ⅰ (β2GP I).Forty patients(37.4％)had double positive antibodies, while 19 cases (17.8％)with triple positive.In logistical regression, aging (per 10 years) and hypocomplementemia were significantly related to venous thrombosis (OR =1.421, 95％ CI 1.066-1.894, P ＜ 0.05, and OR =6.435, 95％ CI 1.374-30.130, P ＜ 0.05, respectively).Cigarette smoking and triple positive antibodies were independent risk factors of arterial thrombosis (OR =3.996, 95％ CI 1.079-14.795, P ＜ 0.05 and OR =3.166, 95％ CI 1.102-9.097, P ＜ 0.05, respectively).Conclusion Alas is an autoimmune disorder characterized by recurrent arterial and venous thromboembolic events.Venous thromboembolism is more common than the arterial.Age and hypocomplementemia are predictors of venous thromboembolism;while smoking and triple positive antibodies are independent risk factors of arterial thromboembolism.