Objective: To analyze the trends and influencing factors of endurance performance of 19-22 years old college students in Hunan Province from 1985 to 2019, so as to provide objective and scientific basis for sports and health work in colleges and universities. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 14 490 college students aged 19-22 in Hunan Province from 8 consecutive National Student Physical Fitness and Health Surveys conducted from 1985 to 2019. The analysis indexes were 1 000 m running for boys and 800 m running for girls. Results: From 1985 to 2019, the endurance running time of 19-22 years old Han college students in Hunan Province showed an obvious trend of decline. The 1 000 m running time of urban and rural male students increased by 41.9 and 45.4 s on average, and the 800 m running time of urban and rural female students increased by 29.5 and 30.6 s on average, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age ( β =0.17), urban students (rural students as reference; β =0.44), GDP ( β =0.94) and urbanization level ( β = 0.44 ) were positively correlated with the average endurance running time of males. Urban students ( β =0.92), GDP ( β = 1.38 ) and Engel coefficient ( β =0.93) were positively correlated with the average endurance running time of females. BMI ( β =-0.47) was negatively correlated with the females mean time of endurance running ( P ＜0.05). Conclusion The endurance performance of Han college students in Hunan Province showed a declining trend from 1985 to 2019,which is associated with age, urban and rural distribution, regional GDP, Engel s coefficient, urbanization level and BMI. Effective measures should be taken to improve the physical quality of college students.

Objective:To investigate the effect of orbital septal fat replacement combined with orbicularis oculi muscle flap transposition in correction of tear trough deformity.Methods:The clinical data of patients with tear trough deformity underwent surgical correction admitted to Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from January 2009 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the surgical methods, they were divided into the combined group (orbital septal fat replacement combined with orbicularis oculi muscle flap transpose) and the simple group (orbital septal fat replacement). Surgical methods: using percutaneous approach, the orbital septum fat was separated and replaced under the orbicularis oculi muscle to fill the tear trough deformity, and the orbicularis oculi muscle flap with the transfer pedicle on the medial side was added to fill the medial tear trough deformity in the combined group. Before and 6 months after surgery, Hirmand scale was used to rate the tear trough deformity(grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, severity is increasing from medial to lateral), and the lower eyelid without obvious tear trough deformity was rated as grade 0. The improvement rate and the complete improvement rate were calculated in the two groups. The related complications were followed up within 1 month after operation. Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used to compare Hirmand improvement rate at all levels and complete improvement rate between groups. P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 175 patients (350 lower eyelids) were enrolled. There were 104 patients (208 lower eyelids) in the combined group [16 males and 88 females, aged (34.3±8.3) years old], including 47 cases of Hirmand grade Ⅰ, 54 cases of Hirmand grade Ⅱ and 107 cases of Hirmand grade Ⅲ before operation. There were 71 patients (142 lower eyelids) in simple group [7 males and 64 females, aged (33.2±8.6) years old], including 24 cases of Hirmand grade Ⅰ, 32 cases of Hirmand grade Ⅱ and 86 cases of Hirmand grade Ⅲ before operation. At 6 months after operation, the improvement rate of grade Ⅰ cases in the combined group was 91.5% (43/47), which was higher than that in the simple group (54.2%, 13/24) ( P<0.01), while there was no significant difference in the improvement rate of grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ cases between the two groups ( P>0.05). The complete improvement rates of grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ cases in the combined group were 91.5% (43/47), 77.8% (42/54) and 72.0% (77/107), respectively, which were higher than those in the simple group [54.2% (13/24), 25.0% (8/32) and 24.4% (21/86)], and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.01). Postoperative complications included ectropion, hematoma, ecchymosis, and local edema for more than 2 weeks. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Orbital septal fat replacement combined with orbicularis oculi muscle flap transposition can improve all levels of tear trough deformity, and the improvement effect of medial lacrimal groove depression is significantly better than that of orbital septal fat replacement alone.

Objective:To investigate the effect of orbital septal fat replacement combined with orbicularis oculi muscle flap transposition in correction of tear trough deformity.Methods:The clinical data of patients with tear trough deformity underwent surgical correction admitted to Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from January 2009 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the surgical methods, they were divided into the combined group (orbital septal fat replacement combined with orbicularis oculi muscle flap transpose) and the simple group (orbital septal fat replacement). Surgical methods: using percutaneous approach, the orbital septum fat was separated and replaced under the orbicularis oculi muscle to fill the tear trough deformity, and the orbicularis oculi muscle flap with the transfer pedicle on the medial side was added to fill the medial tear trough deformity in the combined group. Before and 6 months after surgery, Hirmand scale was used to rate the tear trough deformity(grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, severity is increasing from medial to lateral), and the lower eyelid without obvious tear trough deformity was rated as grade 0. The improvement rate and the complete improvement rate were calculated in the two groups. The related complications were followed up within 1 month after operation. Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used to compare Hirmand improvement rate at all levels and complete improvement rate between groups. P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 175 patients (350 lower eyelids) were enrolled. There were 104 patients (208 lower eyelids) in the combined group [16 males and 88 females, aged (34.3±8.3) years old], including 47 cases of Hirmand grade Ⅰ, 54 cases of Hirmand grade Ⅱ and 107 cases of Hirmand grade Ⅲ before operation. There were 71 patients (142 lower eyelids) in simple group [7 males and 64 females, aged (33.2±8.6) years old], including 24 cases of Hirmand grade Ⅰ, 32 cases of Hirmand grade Ⅱ and 86 cases of Hirmand grade Ⅲ before operation. At 6 months after operation, the improvement rate of grade Ⅰ cases in the combined group was 91.5% (43/47), which was higher than that in the simple group (54.2%, 13/24) ( P<0.01), while there was no significant difference in the improvement rate of grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ cases between the two groups ( P>0.05). The complete improvement rates of grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ cases in the combined group were 91.5% (43/47), 77.8% (42/54) and 72.0% (77/107), respectively, which were higher than those in the simple group [54.2% (13/24), 25.0% (8/32) and 24.4% (21/86)], and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.01). Postoperative complications included ectropion, hematoma, ecchymosis, and local edema for more than 2 weeks. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Orbital septal fat replacement combined with orbicularis oculi muscle flap transposition can improve all levels of tear trough deformity, and the improvement effect of medial lacrimal groove depression is significantly better than that of orbital septal fat replacement alone.

Objective::Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) affects millions of elderly people, and there is currently no effective way to stop or slow down its progression. Therefore, exploring the pathogenesis of CAVD is very important for prevention and treatment. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) have important role in cell phenotype change. This study is aimed to confirm whether COMP participate in CAVD and try to find the possible mechanisms.Methods::Human aortic valve tissues from Nanjing First Hospital (CAVD group, n=20; control group, n=11) were harvested. The expression level of COMP was tested by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Dual immunofluorescence staining was used for locating COMP. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) signalling were tested by western blot. The animal model was also used to detect COMP level by immunohistochemistry. Results::The results showed that the expression level of COMP was significantly increased in the calcific valve samples when compared with that of the control valve ( P<0.05); COMP was expressed near the calcific nodules and co-localized with α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The protein levels of BMP2 and p-Smads 1/5/9 were markedly more highly expressed in the CAVD group than the control group ( P<0.05). Furthermore, immunofluorescence detection showed that COMP and BMP2 were co-located in calcific valves. Conclusions::The above results suggested that upregulation of COMP and BMP2 may be associated with aortic valve calcification and that COMP may become a potential therapeutic target in human CAVD.

Objective::Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) affects millions of elderly people, and there is currently no effective way to stop or slow down its progression. Therefore, exploring the pathogenesis of CAVD is very important for prevention and treatment. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) have important role in cell phenotype change. This study is aimed to confirm whether COMP participate in CAVD and try to find the possible mechanisms.Methods::Human aortic valve tissues from Nanjing First Hospital (CAVD group, n=20; control group, n=11) were harvested. The expression level of COMP was tested by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Dual immunofluorescence staining was used for locating COMP. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) signalling were tested by western blot. The animal model was also used to detect COMP level by immunohistochemistry. Results::The results showed that the expression level of COMP was significantly increased in the calcific valve samples when compared with that of the control valve ( P<0.05); COMP was expressed near the calcific nodules and co-localized with α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The protein levels of BMP2 and p-Smads 1/5/9 were markedly more highly expressed in the CAVD group than the control group ( P<0.05). Furthermore, immunofluorescence detection showed that COMP and BMP2 were co-located in calcific valves. Conclusions::The above results suggested that upregulation of COMP and BMP2 may be associated with aortic valve calcification and that COMP may become a potential therapeutic target in human CAVD.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between malnutrition and the level of blood pressure (BP) as well as elevated BP (EBP) in Han students aged 7 to 18 years in China. Methods: 170 037 subjects with normal nutritional status and malnutrition were enrolled in this study from 2014 Chinese National Surveys on Students' Constitution and Health with a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling framework covering 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities after the exclusion of 44 317 overweight and obese students. According to the standard of "Screening Standard for Malnutrition of School-age Children and Adolescents" (WS/T456-2014), the nutritional status of children were classified into two categories, normal nutritional status and malnutrition containing stunting, mild wasting and moderate severe wasting. The level of BP and prevalence of EBP were compared between students with normal nutritional status and malnutrition. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between malnutrition and EBP. Results: The levels of systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) in Chinese Han students aged 7-18 years who were non-overweight and non-obesity status were (103.4±12.3) and (64.7±9.5) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), respectively. The prevalence of EBP, systolic EBP and diastolic EBP in Chinese Han malnourished students (N=21 012) were 3.1% (n=649), 1.5% (n=324) and 2.1% (n=445), respectively, which was significantly lower than those (N=148 320) with normal nutritional status (4.5% (n=6 707), 2.6% (n=3 872) and 2.7% (n=3 959)), and the corresponding differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The OR (95%CI) between malnutrition and EBP was 0.68 (0.62-0.73), which were 0.65 (0.58-0.72) and 0.68 (0.60-0.77) for boys and girls. The OR (95%CI) between EBP and stunting as well as mild wasting and moderate severe wasting were 0.69 (0.62-0.77), 0.63 (0.55-0.72) and 0.79 (0.60-1.05), respectively. Conclusion The level of BP and prevalence of EBP in Chinese Han students with malnutrition were lower than those with normal nutritional status. The negative correlation existed between malnutrition and EBP in Chinese Han students aged 7 to 18 years.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of entecavir after partial embolization in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis complicated with hypersplenism.Methods From February 2016 to October 2016,the clinical data of 92 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis and hypersplenism in the First People 's Hospital of Taizhou were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,46 cases were treated with lamivudine antiviral therapy after partial embolization as the control group.46 cases were treated with entecavir tablets after partial embolization as the observation group.After 36 weeks of contact therapy,liver fibrosis was compared between the two groups:procollagen Ⅲ (PC-Ⅲ),serum hyaluronic acid (HA),collagen Ⅳ (Ⅳ-C).The liver function of the two groups were compared:total bilirubin (TBil),alanine transaminase (ALT),albumin (ALB),aspartate aminotransferase (AST).The the control of hepatitis B virus were compared between the two groups:HBeAg/anti-HBe negative,negative HBV DNA.Results Liver fibrosis:the levels of PC-Ⅲ,HA and Ⅳ-C in the observation group were (93.6 ± 31.3) U/L,(83.2 ± 25.4) U/L and (85.5 ± 25.4) μ mol/L,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(148.6 ± 24.4) U/L,(152.2 ± 34.5) U/L and (146.1 ± 36.6) μmol/L],the differences were statistically significant (t =3.457,3.848,4.065,all P ＜ 0.05).Liver function:the levels of TBil,AST and ALT in the observation group were (21.4 ± 5.4) μmol/L,(60.1 ± 20.6) U/L,(52.4 ± 15.4) U/L,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(51.1 ± 6.7) μmol/L、(116.4 ± 25.5) U/L、(110.9 ± 20.5) U/L],the differences were statistically significant(t =4.106,3.763,2.945,all P ＜ 0.05).The ALB in the observation group was significandy higher than that in the control group [(31.2 ± 1.5) g/L vs.(35.9 ± 2.8) g/L,t =2.966,P ＜0.05].Hepatitis B virus control:the observation group and control group had 13 cases and 2 cases in HBeAg/antiHBe negative,respectively,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =5.035,P ＜ 0.05);the observation group and control group were 15 cases,2 cases in HBV DNA negative,respectively,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =5.364,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The treatment of entecavir by partial embolization of patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis complicated with hypersplenism can well control the liver function and hepatitis B virus replication and reverse the control of liver fibrosis.Antiviral therapy after embolization has an important role.

Objective To explore the association of serum cytokine levels with disease activity in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) and clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM),especially their association with skin lesions and interstitial lung disease (ILD).Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and cytometric beads array (CBA)were performed to detect the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,IL-17A,IL-18,tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon (IFN)-γin 40 patients with DM or CADM,as well as in 16 health checkup examinees (healthy control group).Then,the association of serum cytokine levels with skin lesions,inflammatory biomarkers and severity of ILD was analyzed.Results The patients with DM/CADM showed significantly higher serum levels of IL-6 (37.8 ±45.8 pg/ml),IL-10 (16.1 ± 7.2 pg/ml) and IL-18 (492.0 ± 193.1 pg/ml) compared with the healthy controls (12.0 ± 2.7 pg/ml,7.7 ± 1.4 pg/ml,191.1 ± 39.2 pg/ml,respectively,all P ＜ 0.001),and there were no significant differences in the serum levels of the other 5 cytokines between the above 2 groups.The serum level of IL-6 was significantly higher in patients with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) than in those with normal ESR (49.7 ± 46.8 pg/ml vs.29.1 ± 45.4 pg/ml,P =0.008).The patients with raised C-reactive protein (CRP) levels showed significantly higher serum levels of IL-6 (68.7 ± 59.7 pg/ml) and IL-18 (635.1 ± 232.8 pg/ml) compared with those with normal CRP levels (IL-6:30.6 ± 40.3 pg/ml,P =0.013;IL-18:440.2 ± 164.7 pg/ml,P =0.020).Moreover,the patients with elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) showed significantly higher serum levels of IL-10 (18.4 ± 6.9 pg/ml),IL-17A (19.6 ±6.7 pg/ml) and IL-18 (529.4 ± 197.2 pg/ml) compared with those with normal LDH levels (IL-10:10.7 ±4.8 pg/ml,P ＜ 0.001;IL-17A:11.4 ± 6.6 pg/ml,P =0.001;IL-18:404.9 ± 158.0 pg/ml,P =0.037).No significant difference in the cytokine levels was observed between the patients with elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels and those with normal CK levels.The patients with Gottron's papules/sign showed significantly higher serum levels of IL-18 (513.7 ± 187.2 pg/ml) compared with those without Gottron's papules/sign (297.1 ± 140.4 pg/ml,P ＜ 0.05).The serum levels of IL-10 and IL-18 were significantly higher in the patients with DM/CADM complicated by ILD (18.0 ± 6.7 pg/ml,552.3 ± 192.8 pg/ml,respectively) than in those without ILD (11.6 ± 6.5 pg/ml,351.4 ± 101.0 pg/ml,respectively,both P =0.001).Conclusion Serum levels of IL-6,IL-10 and IL-18 are highly associated with inflammatory biomarkers,skin lesions and ILD in patients with DM/CADM.

Objective Through To analyzing analyze the pathogen distribution and resistance analysis of elderly patients with pulmonary infection,in order to provide basis for clinical rational administration.Methods The clinical data of 285 elderly patients diagnosed as pulmonary infection were selected,and their sputum specimens cultivation were collected for statistical analysis,and the pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance were analyzed.Results 292 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected from 285 patients,of which 204 strains of gramnegative bacteria,accounting for 69.8％,mainly including pseudomonas aeruginosa,acinetobacter baumannii and klebsiella pneumoniae,while 84 strains of gram-positive bacteria,accounting for 28.8％,mainly including staphylococcus aureus and 4 strains of fungus,accounting for 1.4％.Different pathogens showed different degrees of antimicrobial resistance:pseudomonas aeruginosa,acinetobacter baumannii,klebsiella pneumoniae and e.coli had highly sensitivity for imipenem and meropenem,which were secondly sensitive to amikacin and highly resistant to ampicillin;Staphylococcus aureus and epidermis staphylococcus were all sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin,which were highly resistant to benzyl penicillin.Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli is the main bacteria for patients with pulmonary infection,which has higher antimicrobial drug resistant rate,and antimicrobial agents should be rationally used according to drug susceptibility results.

Objective To investigate a simple,minimally invasive and effective operative method for the facial rejuvenation in the upper eyelid and midface region.Methods Blepharoplasty was combined with suspending orbicularis oculi muscle flap and fixing it on the periosteum underneath the eyebrow through eyebrow incision.Meanwhile,for midface rejuvenation,inferior palpebral margin incision was performed and prezygomatic interspace was separated completely under the orbicularis oculi muscle.The under-eye puffiness and tear trough deformity were corrected through releasing orbital fat,reposition and fastening orbital septum,and transposition of orbicularis oculi muscle flap.And the deep sulci nasolabialis and cheek anetoderma were relieved by dual lifting of malar fat pad and orbicularis oculi muscle flap.Follow-up was taken at the 1 week,3 months,6 months,1 year,2years and 3 years after operation.Each case was evaluated with postoperative effect,reprocessing time and postoperative complications and underwent photography.Results From Feb.2010 to Oct.2014,190 patients (9 male,181 female,an average age of 49.03 ± 5.67 years) underwent this operation.Obvious improvement on the upper eyelid and midface region was achieved in all the patients after operation without serious or irreversible complication.Conclusions Combining eyebrow and inferior palpebral margin incision,through suspending the malar fat pad and orbicularis oculi muscle flap at the same time,as a simple,minimally invasive and reliable method,can strengthen the effect of the facial rejuvenation in the upper eyelid and midface region markedly.