OBJECTIVE:This study comprehensively and quantitatively evaluates the effect of low-volume high-intensity interval training (LV-HIIT) on the prevention of cardiovascular disease in obese or overweight people through a meta-analysis,and further verifies the feasibility of LV-HIIT application in special populations such as obese people. METHODS:Literature addressing randomized controlled trials of LV-HIIT-related studies was searched in CNKI,PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane library,and EBSCO-SPORTD Exercise Science full-text database from database inception to February 2024. Screening,quality assessment and data extraction of included studies were performed by two researchers,and Meta-analyses of outcome indicators,including combined effect sizes,subgroup analyses,Leave-One-Out sensitivity analyses,as well as the publication of Egger's test and the plotting of funnel plots,were performed using the software Review Manager 5.4 and the software Stata 17.0. The protocol was registered with the International Prospective Registry for Systematic Reviews (CRD42024534409). RESULTS:(1) Finally,13 randomized controlled trials,including 349 subjects,were eligible and included,and the overall quality of the included literature was high. (2) LV-HIIT intervention significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness[standardized mean difference (SMD)=-0.65,95％ confidence interval (CI):-0.87 to-0.43,P<0.05],systolic blood pressure (SMD=0.38,95％ CI:0.11-0.65,P<0.05),diastolic blood pressure (SMD=0.42,95％ CI:0.15-0.68,P<0.05),and body fat percentage (SMD=0.25,95％ CI:0.02-0.49,P<0.05). (3) LV-HIIT and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) had similar interventional effects on cardiorespiratory fitness,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,body fat percentage,standardized body weight,body mass index,high-density lipoprotein,low-density lipoprotein,and total cholesterol in people with overweight or obesity (P>0.05),but MICT was better than LV-HIIT in improving triglyceride level (SMD=-0.30,95％ CI:-0.57 to-0.02,P<0.05). (4) The results of subgroup analyses further showed that LV-HIIT and MICT interventions showed similar improvements in each index. CONCLUSION:Current evidence suggests that LV-HIIT can effectively enhance cardiopulmonary adaptive capacity and promote fat loss and blood pressure regulation in overweight or obese people,and the improvements are similar to those of MICT. Short-term LV-HIIT is more time-effective than long-term MICT. Future studies are recommended to determine the optimal LV-HIIT exercise prescription for overweight or obese populations.

Circulating fetal cells have been proven to contain complete cellular structures and comprehensive fetal genome information, enabling non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidy diseases, chromosomal microdeletions, and monogenic diseases. However, due to the low abundance of these rare fetal cells in maternal peripheral blood, their isolation and detection remains challenging. In recent years, novel isolation and enrichment techniques, such as microfluidic technologies and novel nanomaterials, for circulating fetal cells enrichment have been continuously advancing.This review provides a comprehensive summary of two novel methodologies for the isolation and enrichment of circulating fetal cells. Their separation principles, advantages, limitations, as well as the separation efficiencies will also be described.

OBJECTIVE:This study comprehensively and quantitatively evaluates the effect of low-volume high-intensity interval training (LV-HIIT) on the prevention of cardiovascular disease in obese or overweight people through a meta-analysis,and further verifies the feasibility of LV-HIIT application in special populations such as obese people. METHODS:Literature addressing randomized controlled trials of LV-HIIT-related studies was searched in CNKI,PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane library,and EBSCO-SPORTD Exercise Science full-text database from database inception to February 2024. Screening,quality assessment and data extraction of included studies were performed by two researchers,and Meta-analyses of outcome indicators,including combined effect sizes,subgroup analyses,Leave-One-Out sensitivity analyses,as well as the publication of Egger's test and the plotting of funnel plots,were performed using the software Review Manager 5.4 and the software Stata 17.0. The protocol was registered with the International Prospective Registry for Systematic Reviews (CRD42024534409). RESULTS:(1) Finally,13 randomized controlled trials,including 349 subjects,were eligible and included,and the overall quality of the included literature was high. (2) LV-HIIT intervention significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness[standardized mean difference (SMD)=-0.65,95％ confidence interval (CI):-0.87 to-0.43,P<0.05],systolic blood pressure (SMD=0.38,95％ CI:0.11-0.65,P<0.05),diastolic blood pressure (SMD=0.42,95％ CI:0.15-0.68,P<0.05),and body fat percentage (SMD=0.25,95％ CI:0.02-0.49,P<0.05). (3) LV-HIIT and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) had similar interventional effects on cardiorespiratory fitness,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,body fat percentage,standardized body weight,body mass index,high-density lipoprotein,low-density lipoprotein,and total cholesterol in people with overweight or obesity (P>0.05),but MICT was better than LV-HIIT in improving triglyceride level (SMD=-0.30,95％ CI:-0.57 to-0.02,P<0.05). (4) The results of subgroup analyses further showed that LV-HIIT and MICT interventions showed similar improvements in each index. CONCLUSION:Current evidence suggests that LV-HIIT can effectively enhance cardiopulmonary adaptive capacity and promote fat loss and blood pressure regulation in overweight or obese people,and the improvements are similar to those of MICT. Short-term LV-HIIT is more time-effective than long-term MICT. Future studies are recommended to determine the optimal LV-HIIT exercise prescription for overweight or obese populations.

Circulating fetal cells have been proven to contain complete cellular structures and comprehensive fetal genome information, enabling non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidy diseases, chromosomal microdeletions, and monogenic diseases. However, due to the low abundance of these rare fetal cells in maternal peripheral blood, their isolation and detection remains challenging. In recent years, novel isolation and enrichment techniques, such as microfluidic technologies and novel nanomaterials, for circulating fetal cells enrichment have been continuously advancing.This review provides a comprehensive summary of two novel methodologies for the isolation and enrichment of circulating fetal cells. Their separation principles, advantages, limitations, as well as the separation efficiencies will also be described.