Objective:To study the long-term prognostic outcomes of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) accompanied with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT), mild or slight inflammation, and/or liver fibrosis.Methods:A retrospective study method was used. Patients with CHB who underwent liver biopsy at Zhenjiang Third People's Hospital, affiliated with Jiangsu University, from January 2005 to July 2022 were included. Baseline data, clinical data, and clinical outcome events at the end of follow-up were collected. Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to assess the risk of clinical events.Results:A total of 149 CHB cases with normal ALT with mild or slight inflammation or fibrosis were included. Eighty-six cases were treated with antiviral therapy, while 63 were not. The median follow-up time was 82.00 (45.50,153.00) months. In the follow-up endpoint events, four cases (4.65%, 4/86) in the antiviral group had liver cirrhosis, while none had progressed to hepatocellular carcinoma. Five cases (7.94%, 5/63) in the non-antiviral group had liver cirrhosis, and two cases (3.17%, 2/63) had hepatocellular carcinoma. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the cumulative risk of clinical events did not significantly increase in the non-antiviral group ( P>0.05). The presence of liver fibrosis with high-normal ALT levels at baseline were associated with an increased risk of clinical events ( P<0.05). Cox analysis showed that baseline age, high ALT level, and presence of liver fibrosis were independent risk factors for clinical events. The two groups differed significantly in terms of the proportion of HBVDNA below the detection value and ALT normalization rate at the endpoint ( P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the HBsAg negative conversion rate between the two groups at the end ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The occurrence risk of long-term liver adverse events was not significantly improved by antiviral treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B accompanied by normal ALT levels, mild or slight inflammation, and/or liver fibrosis. However, clinical outcomes were associated with baseline age, higher ALT levels, and liver fibrosis, suggesting that these factors are independent risk factors for the occurrence of clinical events.

Objective:To study the long-term prognostic outcomes of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) accompanied with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT), mild or slight inflammation, and/or liver fibrosis.Methods:A retrospective study method was used. Patients with CHB who underwent liver biopsy at Zhenjiang Third People's Hospital, affiliated with Jiangsu University, from January 2005 to July 2022 were included. Baseline data, clinical data, and clinical outcome events at the end of follow-up were collected. Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to assess the risk of clinical events.Results:A total of 149 CHB cases with normal ALT with mild or slight inflammation or fibrosis were included. Eighty-six cases were treated with antiviral therapy, while 63 were not. The median follow-up time was 82.00 (45.50,153.00) months. In the follow-up endpoint events, four cases (4.65%, 4/86) in the antiviral group had liver cirrhosis, while none had progressed to hepatocellular carcinoma. Five cases (7.94%, 5/63) in the non-antiviral group had liver cirrhosis, and two cases (3.17%, 2/63) had hepatocellular carcinoma. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the cumulative risk of clinical events did not significantly increase in the non-antiviral group ( P>0.05). The presence of liver fibrosis with high-normal ALT levels at baseline were associated with an increased risk of clinical events ( P<0.05). Cox analysis showed that baseline age, high ALT level, and presence of liver fibrosis were independent risk factors for clinical events. The two groups differed significantly in terms of the proportion of HBVDNA below the detection value and ALT normalization rate at the endpoint ( P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the HBsAg negative conversion rate between the two groups at the end ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The occurrence risk of long-term liver adverse events was not significantly improved by antiviral treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B accompanied by normal ALT levels, mild or slight inflammation, and/or liver fibrosis. However, clinical outcomes were associated with baseline age, higher ALT levels, and liver fibrosis, suggesting that these factors are independent risk factors for the occurrence of clinical events.

Objective:To observe the changes of relevant clinical indicators and ultrasound pre-sentations in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients after being treated with tocilizumab for 3 months and explore the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in the treatment of RA.Methods:Clinical data, laboratory and ultrasound examinations and medications of RA patients who met inclusion criteria in our hospital from Jan-uary 2017 to September 2020 were included and their data were analyzed retrospectively, and the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab and the ultrasound assessment of disease remission were analyzed. Paired sample t test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, χ2 test or Fisher's exact probability test were used for comparative analysis. Results:① Compared with baseline data, morning stiffness duration of patients treated with tocilizumab for 3 months [60(30, 120) min vs 0(0, 10) min, Z=-6.19, P<0.001], disease activity score of 28 joints-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) [(4.6±1.5) vs (3.2±1.2), t=6.83, P<0.001], disease activity score of 28 joints-C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) [(4.2±1.4) vs (2.8±1.1), t=7.14, P<0.001], swollen joint count (SJC) [2(1, 7) vs 0(0, 2), Z=-4.31, P<0.001], tender joints count (TJC) [6(2, 13.5) vs 2(0,4), Z=-5.16, P<0.001], gray scale score (GS) [4.5(2, 6) vs 1(0, 3), Z=-5.86, P<0.001], intra-synovial blood flow energy Doppler (PD) [2(1, 3) vs 0(0, 0), Z=-5.38, P<0.001], white blood cell (WBC) [6.6(4.9, 8.4)×10 9/L vs 5.7(4.9, 7.3)×10 9/L, Z=-2.83, P=0.005], hemoglobin (Hb) [119(104, 131) g/L vs 123(113, 136) g/L, Z=-2.82, P=0.007], ESR [32(14.5, 50) mm/1 h vs 19 (10, 30) mm/1 h, Z=-3.31, P=0.001], CRP [11.40(3.02, 25.80) mg/L vs 3.49(1.30, 11.82) mg/L, Z=-2.78, P=0.004], D-dimer (D-D) [0.93(0.47, 2.07) mg/L vs 0.43(0.21, 0.80) mg/L, Z=-3.77, P<0.001] were significantly improved, and the difference was statistically significant. ② The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2 [2.08(1.43, 2.76) pg/ml vs 1.21(0.54, 2.08) pg/ml, Z=-2.67, P=0.008], IL-6 [22.40(5.13, 67.27) pg/ml vs 14.63(5.27, 27.71) pg/ml, Z=-2.81, P=0.005], IL-10 [(2.53±0.68) pg/ml vs (1.74±0.74) pg/ml, t=2.60, P=0.017] were significantly changed, while serum levels of IL-4 [1.63(1.08, 3.38) pg/ml vs 1.33(0.97, 2.59) pg/ml, Z=-0.89, P=0.374], tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α [4.04(1.41, 10.45) pg/ml vs 1.62(0.84, 3.79) pg/ml, Z=-1.92, P=0.056], IL-17 [4.68(1.67, 6.72) pg/ml vs 3.15(1.81, 5.29) pg/ml, Z=-0.53, P=0.594] were not significantly changed from baseline data. ③ There was poor consistency between ultrasonic response and DAS28-ESR response, simplified disease activity Index (SDAI) response and clinical disease activity index (CDAI) response ( Kappa coefficient: 0.142, 0.142, 0.191), but no consistency between ultrasonic response and DAS28-CRP response (Kappa coefficient: -0.015) were found. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that ultrasound was not statistically significantly different in assessing the remission of RA, indicating subclinical synovitis remained in ultrasound examination even though clinically remission could be reached based on the above scoring indexes in RA patients. ④ In terms of adverse reactions, neutrophils (NEU) of patients after 3 months' tocilizumab treatment [4.47(2.77, 5.39)×10 9/L vs 3.76(2.98, 4.74)×10 9/L, Z=-2.77, P=0.006], platelet count (PLT) [(291±84)×10 9/L vs (254±70)×10 9/L, t=4.76, P<0.001] were significantly decreased, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) [(1.22±0.27) mmol/L vs (1.39±0.34) mmol/L, t=3.12, P=0.003], low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) [(1.96±0.66) mmol/L vs (2.19±0.84) mmol/L, t=3.15, P=0.003], triglyceride (TG) [0.85(0.68, 1.08) mmol/L vs 0.93(0.71, 1.25) mmol/L, Z=-2.36, P=0.018] and total cholesterol (TC) [(4.18±1.04) mmol/L vs (4.52±1.16) mmol/L, t=3.33, P=0.002] were significantly different from baseline. Among 65 patients, 5 patients (7.7%) had transaminase abnormality, but returned to normal after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion:Tocilizumab treatment can effectively suppress the inflammatory reactions, improve the clinical symptoms and prognosis of patients, however, patients who judged as clinical remission according to the current clinical commonly scores may still have subclinical active disease, ultrasound results should be included as one criteria for disease remission assessment and take into consideration when adjusting treatrnent.

AIM: The main chemical components of Yufang Fangji II (Hubei Fang) of COVID-19 were studied systematically and combined with network pharmacology to provide a reference for the study of its effective substances. METHODS: Ultra high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was applied to identify the absorbed components of the prescription in rat plasma. TCMSP database and Swiss Target Prediction data platform were used to predict the target of the identified blood components, and network visualization software Cytoscape 3.7.2 was used draw the association network diagram, and GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were conducted for the key targets. With the help of CB-Dock online molecular docking platform, the molecular docking of key targets and blood entering compounds was carried out, and the docking combination with good affinity value was displayed by ligplot software to verify the preventive effect of Yufang Fangji II on COVID-19. RESULTS: A total of 52 chemical components identified in the prescription, in which 13 components were absorbed in the rat plasma as the prototype, and they were from Astragalus membranaceus, Atractylodes macrocephala, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, respectively. These compounds were recognized to act on 17 core targets, including mapk3, TNF and other targets related to inflammation, MPO and other targets related to oxidative stress, VEGFR, KDR and other targets related to vascular endothelium. The results of molecular docking showed that the absorbed components had good binding activity with the key targets. CONCLUSION: Compounds in Yufang Fangji II are involved in regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular and cellular physiological activities, which have preventive effects on COVID-19 through regulating IL-17, PI3K Akt, MAPK and other pathways.

Objective     To investigate the early safety and efficacy of transapical transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for high-risk elderly patients with pure aortic valve insufficiency. Methods     A prospective multicenter clinical study of domestic J-valveTM TAVI for high-risk native non-calcified aortic valve insufficiency was conducted from April 2014 to May 2018, and the early postoperative results were analyzed. A total of 82 patients were enrolled, including 62 patients from West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 16 patients from Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and 4 patients from Beijing Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases. There were 55 males and 27 females. The age was 61-90 (73.8±6.3) years. The logistic EuroSCORE was 10.0%-44.4% (17.5%±8.1%). All patients underwent TAVI using J-ValveTM system. Clinical evaluation and echocardiography were performed preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively. Multislice spiral CT was reviewed before discharge. Results     Three patients were transferred to thoracotomy for cardiopulmonary bypass operation, and 1 patient had decreased cardiac function due to leakage of the valve 1 week after surgery. The overall technical and procedural success rate was 95.1% and 93.9%, respectively. During hospitalization, 1 patient died of moderate pericyclosis complicated with multiple organ failure, and 1 patient died of pulmonary infection. Six (7.6%) patients received pacemaker implantation due to new onset Ⅲ° atrioventricular block. Echocardiographic follow-up showed paravalvular leak was observed in the few of patients, mild paravalvular leak was in 13 patients on the 30th day. Two patients showed moderate paravalvular leak. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume decreased from 197.7±66.8 mL (pre-TAVI) to 147.2±53.3 mL (30-day post-TAVI) (P<0.05). Mean pressure gradient was 9.5±4.1 mm Hg (30-day post-TAVI). Conclusion     This multicenter study demonstrates that TAVI with the J-Valve system for the treatment of pure aortic regurgitation is associated with sustained clinical and functional cardiovascular benefits in high-risk patients with symptomatic aortic regurgitation early-term follow-up. Our results further support that TAVI with the specific designed J-Valve system is an acceptable alternative therapy for high-risk patients with pure AR. Our result demonstrates good early-term durability and preserved hemodynamic function. The procedure appears to offer an adequate and lasting resolution for selected patients with pure aortic regurgitation.

Objective To summarize clinical outcomes of subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for bilateral chest diseases simultaneously. Methods The clinical data of 60 patients with bilateral chest diseases treated by uniportal thoracoscopic surgery via subxiphoid approach in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College from August 2016 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 35 males and 25 females, aged 25.5±8.8 years ranging from 13 to 51 years. There were 40 patients wtih palmar hyperhidrosis, and 20 patients with bilateral pulmonary bullae and onset of one-side pneumothorax. All patients adopted subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Among them 36 patients with palmar hyperhidrosis underwent resection of R3 bilateral sympathetic nerves, 1 resection of R4 bilateral sympathetic nerves, 3 resection of R3+R4 bilateral sympathetic nerves, and 20 patients with pulmonary bullae underwent bilateral bullectomy and pleurodesis. Results Fifty-five patients cured within 1 to 4 days and discharged after surgery. One patient with incision infection and pulmonary infection after bullectomy, cured and discharged after 3 weeks anti-inflammation and incision dressing change. Four patients with Grade B healing recovered after 1 to 2 weeks dressing change. During the follow-up, no pneumothorax or hand perspiration relapsed. Conclusion Subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for simple bilateral chest disease simultaneously is safe and feasible, which not only avoids simultaneous trauma of bilateral punch, but also alleviates the pain of patients.

The present study carried out a phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the branches and leaves of Clausena lansium and afforded nine carbazole alkaloids (compounds 1-9) including two new carbazole alkaloids, claulansiums A and B (compounds 1 and 2). The new compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data (MS, NMR, IR, and UV) and the known compounds were identified by comparing spectroscopic data with those reported in literature. All the isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity against A549 and Hela cancer cell lines. Our results showed that compounds 2-6 exhibited varying degrees of cytotoxicity to cancer cells, with IC values ranging from 8.67 to 98.89 μmol·L.
A549 Cells ; Alkaloids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; toxicity ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; toxicity ; Carbazoles ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; toxicity ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Clausena ; chemistry ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects between acupoint embedding and oral medication for female functional constipation.

METHODSFifty-six female patients were randomized into an embedding group and a medication group (1:1).There were 22 cases in the embedding group and 26 cases in the medication group with total 8 patients dropped out. The main embedding acupoints were Zhongwan (CV 12), bilateral Tianshu (ST 25) and Guanyuan (CV 4), combined with Xiawan (CV 10), Huaroumen (ST 24), Wailing (ST 26), Zhigou (TE 6) and Shangjuxu (ST 37). It was given once a week. Oral lactulose was applied in the medication group, 3 times a day. The treatment cycle was 8 weeks. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients whose weekly average number of complete spontaneous bowel movement (CSBM) was increased ≥ 2 compared with baseline during the last 6 weeks in the treatment period. The secondary efficacy indices were compared before and after treatment as well as at follow-up at the 12th week, including the weekly average number and increased number of CSBM, the quality of life of patients with constipation (PAC-QOL), the Bristol stool character score, and the assessment of difficulty in defecation.

RESULTSThe percentage of patients whose weekly average number of CSBMs were increased ≥ 2 in the embedding group significantly increased compared with that in the medication group (<0.05). The weekly average number of CSBM in the two groups increased after treatment compared with those before treatment (both<0.01); the score of Bristol stool character improved (both<0.01); the scores of PAC-QOL and difficulty in defecation decreased (all<0.01). The increasing time of weekly average CSBM in the embedding group was higher than that in the medication group (<0.01); the score of PAC-QOL in the embedding group after treatment was better than that in the medication group (<0.01); the Bristol stool character and difficulty degree in the embedding group after treatment were superior to those in the medication group (both<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe acupoint embedding significantly improve the CSMB, Bristol stool character, the difficulty of defecation, and the quality of life for female patients with functional constipation.

Objective To evaluate the re-bleeding risk severity and the clinical efficacy of clinical grading nursing intervention in patients with acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (ANVUGIB) using Rockall risk scoring.Methods A total of 56 patients from January to December 2014 were selected as control group while another 51 cases from January to December 2015 were as experimental group.Control group was added with routine nursing while experimental group with clinical grading nursing intervention based on Rockall risk scoring on the basis of treatment for gastrointestinal bleeding.The occurrence rate of re-bleeding during hospitalization was observed inboth groups,the improvement of anxiety and depression as well as patients'cognition on disease and behaviors following doctors'advice were compared between two groups.Results The total occurrence rate of re-bleeding was 7.8％ in experimental group,evidently lower than the 25.0％ in control group (P ＜0.05).After intervention,self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) decreased in both groups (P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01),which decreased more significantly in experimental group than that in control group (P ＜0.01).Experimental group was markedly higher in the number of patients who grasped the knowledge and cognitive behaviors on disease (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01) as well as the compliance of behaviors following doctors'advice than control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Clinical grading nursing intervention based on Rockall risk scoring can effectively reduce the re-bleeding risk of patients with ANVUGIB,relieve their anxiety and depression,and improve their cognition on disease and behaviors following doctors'advice.

Objective To evaluate the re-bleeding risk severity and the clinical efficacy of clinical grading nursing intervention in patients with acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (ANVUGIB) using Rockall risk scoring.Methods A total of 56 patients from January to December 2014 were selected as control group while another 51 cases from January to December 2015 were as experimental group.Control group was added with routine nursing while experimental group with clinical grading nursing intervention based on Rockall risk scoring on the basis of treatment for gastrointestinal bleeding.The occurrence rate of re-bleeding during hospitalization was observed inboth groups,the improvement of anxiety and depression as well as patients'cognition on disease and behaviors following doctors'advice were compared between two groups.Results The total occurrence rate of re-bleeding was 7.8％ in experimental group,evidently lower than the 25.0％ in control group (P ＜0.05).After intervention,self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) decreased in both groups (P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01),which decreased more significantly in experimental group than that in control group (P ＜0.01).Experimental group was markedly higher in the number of patients who grasped the knowledge and cognitive behaviors on disease (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01) as well as the compliance of behaviors following doctors'advice than control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Clinical grading nursing intervention based on Rockall risk scoring can effectively reduce the re-bleeding risk of patients with ANVUGIB,relieve their anxiety and depression,and improve their cognition on disease and behaviors following doctors'advice.