Objective:To document the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided genicular nerve block (GNB) in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Methods:A total of 92 KOA patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group with 46 in each. Those in both groups were treated conventionally, including with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acupuncture, ultrasound, laser irradiation and manipulation therapy. The observation group additionally underwent ultrasound-guided genicular nerve block treatment, once a week for 2 weeks. Pain scoring on a visual analog scale (VAS), the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were used to evaluate everyone before and after the treatment, and then 8 weeks later.Results:In the observation group the average VAS rating [(3.54±2.00) at week 2 and (4.13±2.04) at week 8] and the average WOMAC subscale and total scores [(36.91±16.91) at week 8] had improved significantly right after the experiment and 8 weeks later. But in the control group this was true only right after the treatment. The observation group also demonstrated superior improvements in 6MWT distance at week 2 [(434.22±125.19)m] and week 8 [(446.35±126.45)m] compared to both its own baseline and the control group.Conclusions:Ultrasound-guided genicular nerve block is a rapid, precise, effective, and long-lasting intervention for alleviating pain, improving knee function and enhancing walking endurance in KOA patients.

After the production of the gradient coil of the magnetic resonance imaging system, electromagnetic field testing is required to verify whether the assembly accuracy meets the electromagnetic field requirements. Since the passive magnetic field B _z satisfies the Laplace ^,s equation and is a harmonic function, and according to the extreme value principle of harmonic function, the maximum or minimum values of B _z can only appear on the boundaries, so the observation points of the magnetic field are generally selected on the surface of the spherical imaging area. For superconducting magnets used for human body magnetic resonance imaging, a spherical area with a center diameter of 40~50 cm is generally selected as the shimming target area. Only the field value of the target area needs to be measured, and the spherical harmonic coefficients obtained after data processing are used to determine the magnetic field performance of the gradient coil. There are many testing principles and methods for electromagnetic fields, so there is no unified way and method in the field of commercial applications. This article is based on the Gauss-Legendre numerical integration, measures and analyzes the magnetic field performance of gradient coils by building a data acquisition system, and this article applies numerical analysis methods to calculate the spherical harmonic coefficients of the magnetic field using discrete test data, providing a feasible method for the production and testing of gradient coils.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods* ; Magnetic Fields ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Equipment Design

Objective:To investigate a novel coating technology for artificial blood vessel pipelines, conducting preliminary tests on the mechanical stability, hemocompatibility, and biocompatibility of the coating.Methods:The polyester braided artificial blood vessels produced by Terumo Corporation were subjected to three different experimental treatments and divided into three groups. Model group: The uncoated artificial blood vessels were thoroughly cleaned and freeze-dried. Experimental group: The artificial blood vessels were first immersed in a dopamine solution to form a polydopamine(PDA) coating on their surface, and then further immersed in an earthworm active protein/gelatin(EWAP/GT) solution to create PDA/GT/EWAP-modified artificial blood vessels. Collagen group: The untreated polyester woven artificial blood vessels served as the control. The study detailed the characterization, porosity, water permeability, degradation rate, blood compatibility, and cytotoxicity of the PDA/GT/EWAP-coated artificial blood vessels. Additionally, a 2-week in vivo study was conducted to evaluate the biocompatibility of the PDA/GT/EWAP-coated artificial blood vessels implanted subcutaneously in SD rats.Results:The PDA/GT/EWAP-coated artificial vascular grafts were successfully fabricated. The artificial blood vessels in the PDA/GT/EWAP group exhibited a porosityof(50.53±1.10)%, with water permeability showing a gradual decreasing trend over time. The overall in vitro degradation rate at 4 weeks was(1.83±0.08)%, and the PDA/GT/EWAP group demonstrated favorable mechanical stability. The activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) of the PDA/GT/EWAP group was(26.30±0.46)s, the thrombin time(TT) was(18.83±0.49)s, the hemolysis rate was(2.15±0.09)%, and the plasma recalcification time(PRT) was(191.00±10.54)s, indicating excellent blood compatibility and anticoagulant properties. MTT assay evaluation of the PDA/GT/EWAP group revealed no significant cytotoxicity. After subcutaneous implantation of vascular samples in rats for 2 weeks, analysis of blood immune parameters and hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining of the artificial vascular samples showed that the immune response in the PDA/GT/EWAP group exhibited no significant difference compared to the collagen group and was superior to the model group. Conclusion.Conclusion:The PDA/GT/EWAP composite-coated artificial blood vessel demonstrates excellent mechanical properties, good hemocompatibility, biocompatibility, and low cytotoxicity. It also shows remarkable stability. This research offers a new approach for domestic technological breakthroughs in related fields.

Objective:To document the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided genicular nerve block (GNB) in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Methods:A total of 92 KOA patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group with 46 in each. Those in both groups were treated conventionally, including with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acupuncture, ultrasound, laser irradiation and manipulation therapy. The observation group additionally underwent ultrasound-guided genicular nerve block treatment, once a week for 2 weeks. Pain scoring on a visual analog scale (VAS), the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were used to evaluate everyone before and after the treatment, and then 8 weeks later.Results:In the observation group the average VAS rating [(3.54±2.00) at week 2 and (4.13±2.04) at week 8] and the average WOMAC subscale and total scores [(36.91±16.91) at week 8] had improved significantly right after the experiment and 8 weeks later. But in the control group this was true only right after the treatment. The observation group also demonstrated superior improvements in 6MWT distance at week 2 [(434.22±125.19)m] and week 8 [(446.35±126.45)m] compared to both its own baseline and the control group.Conclusions:Ultrasound-guided genicular nerve block is a rapid, precise, effective, and long-lasting intervention for alleviating pain, improving knee function and enhancing walking endurance in KOA patients.

Psoriasis is a chronic,inflammatory,recurrent,and systemic disease mediated by immune dysregulation,which is often accompanied by psychological issues such as depression and anxiety.Recent research on the gut microbiota and depression and anxiety has made significant progress,with studies demonstrating that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota may be an important comorbidity mechanism linking psoriasis with depression and anxiety.This article summarizes the changes in the abundance of gut microbiota in patients with psoriasis and those with depression and anxiety,as well as how the gut microbiota influences this comorbidity through neural pathways and immune-endocrine pathways.It aims to provide novel perspectives for the study of the comorbidity mechanisms and clinical treatment of psoriasis and depression and anxiety.In the future,targeting the gut microbiota may enable the development of personalized treatments.

Objective Compare the tip perfusion index(TPI)with the disappearance of eyelash reflex in guiding the timing of intubation for painless gastroscopy,in order to find the optimal timing for painless gastroscopy.Methods 362 patients who underwent painless gastroscopy from January to June 2024 were selected.According to the random number table method,they were divided into group N(122 cases,direct endoscopic examination after the disappearance of eyelash reflex),group NS(121 cases,endoscopic examination 30 seconds after the disappearance of eyelash reflex),and group E[119 cases,endoscopic examination after continuous increase of TPI(newly measured value>previous measured value more than 3 times)].The changes in heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),and percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation(SpO2)before anesthesia induction(T0),before intubation(T1),through the throat(T2),and after examination(T3)were recorded and compared among the three groups.The intubation waiting time(from the completion of general anesthesia induction to the moment of intubation)and the incidence of adverse reaction were compared among the three groups.Results The waiting time for endoscopy in group N was(5.52±2.17)s,which was significantly shorter than that in group E[(18.60±3.89)s]and group NS[(35.74±2.17)s],and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).At T1 time point,the SpO2 of the group E was significantly higher than that of group N and group NS,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).There were no statistical difference of SpO2 at T0,T2 and T3 time points among the three groups(P>0.05).There were no statistical differences in HR and MAP at the T0,T1,T2 and T3 time points among the three groups(P>0.05);The MAP and HR of the three groups of patients at time point T0 were significantly higher than those at time points T1,T2 and T3,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of lower jaw support in group E was significantly lower than that in group NS and group N,the incidence of body movement and the rate of additional propofol administration were significantly lower than those in group N,the incidence of coughing was significantly lower than that in group NS,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The TPI is a simple,non-invasive,objective,and real-time predictor of the timing of intubation for painless gastroscopy,which is significantly better than guiding the timing of intubation through the eyelash reflex.When the TPI continuously increases from a low point,it is a good time for painless gastroscopy intubation.

Psoriasis is a chronic,inflammatory,recurrent,and systemic disease mediated by immune dysregulation,which is often accompanied by psychological issues such as depression and anxiety.Recent research on the gut microbiota and depression and anxiety has made significant progress,with studies demonstrating that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota may be an important comorbidity mechanism linking psoriasis with depression and anxiety.This article summarizes the changes in the abundance of gut microbiota in patients with psoriasis and those with depression and anxiety,as well as how the gut microbiota influences this comorbidity through neural pathways and immune-endocrine pathways.It aims to provide novel perspectives for the study of the comorbidity mechanisms and clinical treatment of psoriasis and depression and anxiety.In the future,targeting the gut microbiota may enable the development of personalized treatments.

Objective Compare the tip perfusion index(TPI)with the disappearance of eyelash reflex in guiding the timing of intubation for painless gastroscopy,in order to find the optimal timing for painless gastroscopy.Methods 362 patients who underwent painless gastroscopy from January to June 2024 were selected.According to the random number table method,they were divided into group N(122 cases,direct endoscopic examination after the disappearance of eyelash reflex),group NS(121 cases,endoscopic examination 30 seconds after the disappearance of eyelash reflex),and group E[119 cases,endoscopic examination after continuous increase of TPI(newly measured value>previous measured value more than 3 times)].The changes in heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),and percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation(SpO2)before anesthesia induction(T0),before intubation(T1),through the throat(T2),and after examination(T3)were recorded and compared among the three groups.The intubation waiting time(from the completion of general anesthesia induction to the moment of intubation)and the incidence of adverse reaction were compared among the three groups.Results The waiting time for endoscopy in group N was(5.52±2.17)s,which was significantly shorter than that in group E[(18.60±3.89)s]and group NS[(35.74±2.17)s],and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).At T1 time point,the SpO2 of the group E was significantly higher than that of group N and group NS,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).There were no statistical difference of SpO2 at T0,T2 and T3 time points among the three groups(P>0.05).There were no statistical differences in HR and MAP at the T0,T1,T2 and T3 time points among the three groups(P>0.05);The MAP and HR of the three groups of patients at time point T0 were significantly higher than those at time points T1,T2 and T3,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of lower jaw support in group E was significantly lower than that in group NS and group N,the incidence of body movement and the rate of additional propofol administration were significantly lower than those in group N,the incidence of coughing was significantly lower than that in group NS,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The TPI is a simple,non-invasive,objective,and real-time predictor of the timing of intubation for painless gastroscopy,which is significantly better than guiding the timing of intubation through the eyelash reflex.When the TPI continuously increases from a low point,it is a good time for painless gastroscopy intubation.

Objective:To investigate a novel coating technology for artificial blood vessel pipelines, conducting preliminary tests on the mechanical stability, hemocompatibility, and biocompatibility of the coating.Methods:The polyester braided artificial blood vessels produced by Terumo Corporation were subjected to three different experimental treatments and divided into three groups. Model group: The uncoated artificial blood vessels were thoroughly cleaned and freeze-dried. Experimental group: The artificial blood vessels were first immersed in a dopamine solution to form a polydopamine(PDA) coating on their surface, and then further immersed in an earthworm active protein/gelatin(EWAP/GT) solution to create PDA/GT/EWAP-modified artificial blood vessels. Collagen group: The untreated polyester woven artificial blood vessels served as the control. The study detailed the characterization, porosity, water permeability, degradation rate, blood compatibility, and cytotoxicity of the PDA/GT/EWAP-coated artificial blood vessels. Additionally, a 2-week in vivo study was conducted to evaluate the biocompatibility of the PDA/GT/EWAP-coated artificial blood vessels implanted subcutaneously in SD rats.Results:The PDA/GT/EWAP-coated artificial vascular grafts were successfully fabricated. The artificial blood vessels in the PDA/GT/EWAP group exhibited a porosityof(50.53±1.10)%, with water permeability showing a gradual decreasing trend over time. The overall in vitro degradation rate at 4 weeks was(1.83±0.08)%, and the PDA/GT/EWAP group demonstrated favorable mechanical stability. The activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) of the PDA/GT/EWAP group was(26.30±0.46)s, the thrombin time(TT) was(18.83±0.49)s, the hemolysis rate was(2.15±0.09)%, and the plasma recalcification time(PRT) was(191.00±10.54)s, indicating excellent blood compatibility and anticoagulant properties. MTT assay evaluation of the PDA/GT/EWAP group revealed no significant cytotoxicity. After subcutaneous implantation of vascular samples in rats for 2 weeks, analysis of blood immune parameters and hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining of the artificial vascular samples showed that the immune response in the PDA/GT/EWAP group exhibited no significant difference compared to the collagen group and was superior to the model group. Conclusion.Conclusion:The PDA/GT/EWAP composite-coated artificial blood vessel demonstrates excellent mechanical properties, good hemocompatibility, biocompatibility, and low cytotoxicity. It also shows remarkable stability. This research offers a new approach for domestic technological breakthroughs in related fields.

Objective:To analyze the influential factors of blurred vision after general anesthesia.Methods:The clinical data of 997 patients who underwent elective general anesthesia at The No. 1 People's Hospital of Pinghu from September 2022 to May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The data collected included age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, operation duration (specifically whether it exceeded 3 hours), surgical position (whether the patient was in the supine position), operating room temperature, use of penehyclidine hydrochloride, use of muscle relaxant antagonists, use of atropine, blood pressure (specifically whether it was ≥ 30% of the baseline value), fluid input, blood loss, and use of pneumoperitoneum. Collinearity diagnosis and univariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to select factors with statistical significance. Subsequently, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.Results:Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that age > 65 years ( OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.01-2.15, P = 0.043), surgical position (non-supine position) ( OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.06-2.25, P = 0.025), operation time exceeding 3 hours ( OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.05-2.94, P = 0.031), and the use of penehyclidine hydrochloride ( OR = 4.91, 95% CI: 3.35-7.21, P < 0.001) were identified as factors contributing to postoperative blurred vision in patients undergoing general anesthesia. Conclusion:Factors contributing to postoperative blurred vision in patients undergoing general anesthesia include age > 65 years, the use of penehyclidine hydrochloride during surgery, operation time exceeding 3 hours, and non-supine surgical position. Clinically, it is essential to implement early and effective preoperative education, enhance intraoperative nursing quality, and optimize preoperative medication for general anesthesia to reduce the incidence of blurred vision after surgery.