The skin is one of the most vital organs in the human body, and skin wounds caused by various factors can severely impact patients’ physical and mental health. Among the therapeutic strategies for skin wound repair, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) have emerged as a promising biological therapy, attracting significant attention in related research. As critical mediators of stem cell biological effects, MSC-Exos fuse with target cells and transfer bioactive proteins and nucleic acids from stem cells into recipient cells. These exosomes modulate inflammatory responses, promote cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, and regulate extracellular matrix remodeling, thereby accelerating wound healing. In recent years, studies on the mechanisms by which exosomes promote skin wound repair have advanced and refined continuously. This article summarized the key signaling pathways through which MSC-Exos participate in skin wound repair, aiming to enhance the understanding of their roles in facilitating wound healing.

Objective:To identify potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of hair color and hair shaft abnormalities, thereby offering innovative insights and strategies for the management of the associated conditions.Methods:Using the protein quantitative trait locus(pQTL) data derived from extensive proteomics studies, a two-sample Mendelian randomization was conducted to preliminarily identify potential drug therapeutic targets. Following this, sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate potential confounding factors, including heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was also conducted, systematically excluding each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) to evaluate their individual impact. Additionally, co-localization analysis was carried out to determine the presence of shared genetic variants between the identified plasma proteins and the relevant traits.Results:The proteomic data analyzed in this investigation encompassed 4 907 pQTLs, while the genetic data pertaining to hair pigmentation and shaft abnormalities included 124 cases and 432 686 controls. Through the Mendelian randomization screening, six candidate protein genes were identified: HLA-DQA2, CTSB, KIR2DS2, SVEP1, HOMER2, and HOMER1. Sensitivity analyses revealed no evidence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy among these proteins. The leave-one-out sensitivity analysis demonstrated that no single SNP significantly affected the overall findings. Notably, HOMER2 was substantiated by co-localization analysis, which provided robust evidence of its potential role in regulating the genetic mechanisms associated with hair pigmentation and shaft integrity.Conclusion:This study successfully identified six potential therapeutic targets for hair pigmentation and shaft abnormalities, with HOMER2 exhibiting the most compelling evidence. These findings pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of hair color and hair shaft disorders.

Objective:To understand the experience of inpatients′ needs on medical nursing assistants, and explore the characteristics and population differences, in order to provide a reference for optimizing the inpatient companion management system.Methods:The descriptive qualitative study was adopted for semi-structured in-depth interviews of 19 inpatients hospitalized in Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University from December 2023 to January 2024 based on purposive sampling. Information on personal characteristics, status and experience of dependence on medical nursing assistants was collected. Colaizzi seven-step analysis method was used to construct the fact labels and model dimensions. Manually extract the characteristics of inpatients′ needs on medical nursing assistants, and construct a user persona to complete the visualization.Results:A total of 19 inpatients′ were interviewed, including 12 males and 7 females with an average age of (63.16 ± 11.56) years. Four dimensions were extracted including cognitive characteristics, health status characteristics, family support characteristics, and psychological characteristics. Combined with personal traits and experience, three types of typical user persona were constructed including independent type, mutual assistance and cooperation type, complete dependence type.Conclusions:Group heterogeneity existed in the demand of inpatients on medical nursing assistants. According to the user persona, the manager should formulate personalized and precise caregiver management strategies.

[Purpose]To analyze the trends in pancreatic cancer mortality and disease burden among residents in Shanghai Pudong New Area from 2002 to 2022,and to investigate the effects of age,period,and birth cohort on mortality risk.[Methods]Data on pancreatic cancer deaths among residents of Pudong New Area from 2002 to 2022 were collected through the Shanghai Population Cause of Death Registration System.The crude mortality rate,age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population(ASMRC),potential years of life lost(PYLL),potential years of life lost rate(PYLLR),and average years of life lost(AYLL)were calculated.Joinpoint regression was applied to calculate the average annual percentage change(AAPC)for analyzing the changing trend of the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer.The age-period-cohort model was applied with R 4.4.1 to analyze the age,period,and cohort effects on the mortality risk of pancreatic cancer.[Results]The crude mortality rate of pancreatic cancer among residents in Pudong New Area increased from 10.42/105 in 2002 to 18.73/105 in 2022,showing a significant upward trend(AAPC=2.90％,P＜0.001);the ASMRC was generally stable(AAPC=-0.05％,P=0.775).The crude mortality rate of males(17.09/105)was higher than that of females(13.75/105),and both showed an upward trend(AAPC=3.05％and 2.75％respectively,both P＜0.001).After the age of 40,the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer increased significantly with the growth of age in both sexes.The PYLL was 31 347 person-years,showing an upward trend(AAPC=1.83％,P＜0.001),and the AYLL was 3.59 years,showing a downward trend(AAPC=-2.45％,P＜0.001).The age effect showed that the mortality risk of pan-creatic cancer was increased with age;the period effect showed that the mortality risk decreased from 2002 to 2016 and then increased;the cohort effect showed that the mortality risk increased with the advancement of the birth cohort.[Conclusion]From 2002 to 2022,the crude mortality rate of pancreatic cancer in Pudong New Area showed an upward trend,and the mortality rate of males was higher than that of females.The mortality risk of pancreatic cancer increases with age,and the later the birth year of the residents,the higher the mortality risk.Early screening should be strengthened for men and the elderly,environmental and lifestyle risk factors should be paid attention to in combination with the characteristics of cohort effect,and the prevention and control strategy for the whole population should be optimized.

The skin is one of the most vital organs in the human body, and skin wounds caused by various factors can severely impact patients’ physical and mental health. Among the therapeutic strategies for skin wound repair, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) have emerged as a promising biological therapy, attracting significant attention in related research. As critical mediators of stem cell biological effects, MSC-Exos fuse with target cells and transfer bioactive proteins and nucleic acids from stem cells into recipient cells. These exosomes modulate inflammatory responses, promote cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, and regulate extracellular matrix remodeling, thereby accelerating wound healing. In recent years, studies on the mechanisms by which exosomes promote skin wound repair have advanced and refined continuously. This article summarized the key signaling pathways through which MSC-Exos participate in skin wound repair, aiming to enhance the understanding of their roles in facilitating wound healing.

Objective:To identify potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of hair color and hair shaft abnormalities, thereby offering innovative insights and strategies for the management of the associated conditions.Methods:Using the protein quantitative trait locus(pQTL) data derived from extensive proteomics studies, a two-sample Mendelian randomization was conducted to preliminarily identify potential drug therapeutic targets. Following this, sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate potential confounding factors, including heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was also conducted, systematically excluding each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) to evaluate their individual impact. Additionally, co-localization analysis was carried out to determine the presence of shared genetic variants between the identified plasma proteins and the relevant traits.Results:The proteomic data analyzed in this investigation encompassed 4 907 pQTLs, while the genetic data pertaining to hair pigmentation and shaft abnormalities included 124 cases and 432 686 controls. Through the Mendelian randomization screening, six candidate protein genes were identified: HLA-DQA2, CTSB, KIR2DS2, SVEP1, HOMER2, and HOMER1. Sensitivity analyses revealed no evidence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy among these proteins. The leave-one-out sensitivity analysis demonstrated that no single SNP significantly affected the overall findings. Notably, HOMER2 was substantiated by co-localization analysis, which provided robust evidence of its potential role in regulating the genetic mechanisms associated with hair pigmentation and shaft integrity.Conclusion:This study successfully identified six potential therapeutic targets for hair pigmentation and shaft abnormalities, with HOMER2 exhibiting the most compelling evidence. These findings pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of hair color and hair shaft disorders.

[Purpose]To analyze the trends in pancreatic cancer mortality and disease burden among residents in Shanghai Pudong New Area from 2002 to 2022,and to investigate the effects of age,period,and birth cohort on mortality risk.[Methods]Data on pancreatic cancer deaths among residents of Pudong New Area from 2002 to 2022 were collected through the Shanghai Population Cause of Death Registration System.The crude mortality rate,age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population(ASMRC),potential years of life lost(PYLL),potential years of life lost rate(PYLLR),and average years of life lost(AYLL)were calculated.Joinpoint regression was applied to calculate the average annual percentage change(AAPC)for analyzing the changing trend of the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer.The age-period-cohort model was applied with R 4.4.1 to analyze the age,period,and cohort effects on the mortality risk of pancreatic cancer.[Results]The crude mortality rate of pancreatic cancer among residents in Pudong New Area increased from 10.42/105 in 2002 to 18.73/105 in 2022,showing a significant upward trend(AAPC=2.90％,P＜0.001);the ASMRC was generally stable(AAPC=-0.05％,P=0.775).The crude mortality rate of males(17.09/105)was higher than that of females(13.75/105),and both showed an upward trend(AAPC=3.05％and 2.75％respectively,both P＜0.001).After the age of 40,the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer increased significantly with the growth of age in both sexes.The PYLL was 31 347 person-years,showing an upward trend(AAPC=1.83％,P＜0.001),and the AYLL was 3.59 years,showing a downward trend(AAPC=-2.45％,P＜0.001).The age effect showed that the mortality risk of pan-creatic cancer was increased with age;the period effect showed that the mortality risk decreased from 2002 to 2016 and then increased;the cohort effect showed that the mortality risk increased with the advancement of the birth cohort.[Conclusion]From 2002 to 2022,the crude mortality rate of pancreatic cancer in Pudong New Area showed an upward trend,and the mortality rate of males was higher than that of females.The mortality risk of pancreatic cancer increases with age,and the later the birth year of the residents,the higher the mortality risk.Early screening should be strengthened for men and the elderly,environmental and lifestyle risk factors should be paid attention to in combination with the characteristics of cohort effect,and the prevention and control strategy for the whole population should be optimized.

Objective:To understand the experience of inpatients′ needs on medical nursing assistants, and explore the characteristics and population differences, in order to provide a reference for optimizing the inpatient companion management system.Methods:The descriptive qualitative study was adopted for semi-structured in-depth interviews of 19 inpatients hospitalized in Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University from December 2023 to January 2024 based on purposive sampling. Information on personal characteristics, status and experience of dependence on medical nursing assistants was collected. Colaizzi seven-step analysis method was used to construct the fact labels and model dimensions. Manually extract the characteristics of inpatients′ needs on medical nursing assistants, and construct a user persona to complete the visualization.Results:A total of 19 inpatients′ were interviewed, including 12 males and 7 females with an average age of (63.16 ± 11.56) years. Four dimensions were extracted including cognitive characteristics, health status characteristics, family support characteristics, and psychological characteristics. Combined with personal traits and experience, three types of typical user persona were constructed including independent type, mutual assistance and cooperation type, complete dependence type.Conclusions:Group heterogeneity existed in the demand of inpatients on medical nursing assistants. According to the user persona, the manager should formulate personalized and precise caregiver management strategies.

Objective To assess the clinical value of a novel surgical technique—Tubeless subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with percutaneous suspension technique via balance-shaped sternal elevation device in the resection of anterior mediastinal masses. Methods Patients who underwent tubeless subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery via balance-shaped sternal elevation device in anterior mediastinal masses process at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from March to April 2025 were included, and their clinical data were analyzed. Results A total of 4 patients were included, with 2 males and 2 females, aged 58-75 years. The diameter of the tumor was 2.5-3.0 cm. The operation time was 60.0-150.0 min, intraoperative blood loss was 5-10 mL, pain score on the 3rd day after surgery was 0 points, and postoperative hospital stay was 2-3 days. All patients achieved complete resection of the masses and thymus without perioperative complications. Conclusion The tubeless subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with percutaneous suspension technique via balance-shaped sternal elevation device technique optimizes surgical visualization and instrument maneuverability while avoiding complications related to conventional anesthesia and tubing, thereby markedly enhancing the minimally invasive profile of anterior mediastinal masses resections. In addition to maintaining procedural safety, this approach effectively reduces postoperative pain and accelerates patient recovery, highlighting its potential for widespread clinical adoption.

Objective:To identify potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of hair color and hair shaft abnormalities, providing novel insights and approaches for managing related conditions.Methods:Using the pQTL data from large-scale proteomics studies, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (TwoSampleMR) was conducted to preliminarily identify potential drug therapeutic targets. Subsequently, sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate potential confounding factors such as heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy, and a leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was conducted by eliminating each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) one by one. Finally, co-localization analysis was carried out to explore whether there are shared genetic variants between the identified plasma proteins and traits.Results:The proteomic data used in this study included 4, 907 pQTLs, while the genetic data related to hair pigmentation and shaft abnormalities comprised 124 cases and 432, 686 controls. After Mendelian randomization screening, six candidate protein genes were identified: HLA-DQA2, CTSB, KIR2DS2, SVEP1, HOMER2, and HOMER1. Sensitivity analyses revealed no evidence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy among these proteins. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis indicated that no single SNP significantly influenced the overall result. Notably, HOMER2 was supported by colocalization analysis with strong evidence, suggesting its potential role in regulating genetic mechanisms underlying hair pigmentation and shaft health.Conclusions:This study identified six potential therapeutic targets for hair pigmentation and shaft abnormalities, with HOMER2 showing stronger evidence. These findings provide novel directions for the treatment of hair color and hair shaft abnormalities.