This study primarily aimed to investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and other common pathogens of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in spermatozoa of infertile men and their effects on semen parameters. These pathogens included Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium , herpes simplex virus 2, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Staphylococcus aureus . A total of 1951 men of infertile couples were recruited between 23 March 2023, and 17 May 2023, at the Department of Reproductive Medicine of The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Kunming, China). Multiplex polymerase chain reaction and capillary electrophoresis were used for HPV genotyping. Polymerase chain reaction and electrophoresis were also used to detect the presence of other STIs. The overall prevalence of HPV infection was 12.4%. The top five prevalent HPV subtypes were types 56, 52, 43, 16, and 53 among those tested positive for HPV. Other common infections with high prevalence rates were Ureaplasma urealyticum (28.3%), Ureaplasma parvum (20.4%), and Enterococcus faecalis (9.5%). The prevalence rates of HPV coinfection with Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium , herpes simplex virus 2, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae , and Staphylococcus aureus were 24.8%, 25.4%, 10.6%, 6.4%, 2.4%, 7.9%, 5.9%, 0.9%, and 1.3%, respectively. The semen volume and total sperm count were greatly decreased by HPV infection alone. Coinfection with HPV and Ureaplasma urealyticum significantly reduced sperm motility and viability. Our study shows that coinfection with STIs is highly prevalent in the semen of infertile men and that coinfection with pathogens can seriously affect semen parameters, emphasizing the necessity of semen screening for STIs.
Humans ; Male ; Infertility, Male/epidemiology* ; Coinfection/microbiology* ; Papillomavirus Infections/virology* ; Adult ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/complications* ; China/epidemiology* ; Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification* ; Chlamydia trachomatis/isolation & purification* ; Prevalence ; Mycoplasma genitalium/isolation & purification* ; Ureaplasma urealyticum/isolation & purification* ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae/isolation & purification* ; Enterococcus faecalis/isolation & purification* ; Streptococcus agalactiae/isolation & purification* ; Herpesvirus 2, Human/genetics* ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification* ; Semen/virology* ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa/microbiology* ; Human Papillomavirus Viruses

The intelligent oxygen management system is a software designed with various algorithms to automatically titrate inhaled oxygen concentration according to specific patterns. This system can be integrated into various ventilator devices and used during assisted ventilation processes, aiming to maintain the patient's blood oxygen saturation within a target range. This paper employs a scoping review methodology, focusing on research related to intelligent oxygen management systems in neonatal intensive care units. It reviews the fundamental principles, application platforms, and clinical outcomes of these systems, providing a theoretical basis for clinical implementation.
Humans ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Infant, Newborn ; Oxygen/administration & dosage* ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy/methods* ; Respiration, Artificial

This consensus will introduce the characteristics of fillers used in the surgical cavities of domestic nasal surgery patients based on relevant literature and expert opinions. It will also provide recommendations for the selection of cavity fillers for different nasal diseases, with chronic sinusitis as a representative example.
Humans ; Nasal Cavity/surgery* ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; China ; Consensus ; Sinusitis/surgery* ; Dermal Fillers

Apical microsurgery is accurate and minimally invasive, produces few complications, and has a success rate of more than 90%. However, due to the lack of awareness and understanding of apical microsurgery by dental general practitioners and even endodontists, many clinical problems remain to be overcome. The consensus has gathered well-known domestic experts to hold a series of special discussions and reached the consensus. This document specifies the indications, contraindications, preoperative preparations, operational procedures, complication prevention measures, and efficacy evaluation of apical microsurgery and is applicable to dentists who perform apical microsurgery after systematic training.
Microsurgery/standards* ; Humans ; Apicoectomy ; Contraindications, Procedure ; Tooth Apex/diagnostic imaging* ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control* ; Consensus ; Treatment Outcome

Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

BACKGROUND:Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head is closely related to ferroptosis in osteoblasts.Deer antler peptide can promote the survival and functional establishment of osteoclasts by inhibiting ferroptosis in osteoblasts,and has the potential to treat steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,but its regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis in osteoblasts has not yet been clarified.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism by which deer antler peptide inhibits dexamethasone-induced ferroptosis in osteoblasts.METHODS:(1)Different concentration gradients of antler peptide and dexamethasone were used to intervene in MC3T3-E1 14 cells,and the cell activity was detected by cell counting kit-8 method to determine the effect concentration of antler peptide and dexamethasone.(2)MC3T3-E1 14 cells treated with dexamethasone(800 μmol/L)were intervened with different concentrations of gradient antler polypeptide,which were then divided into blank control group,dexamethasone group and dexamethasone+antler peptide group.Cell counting kit-8 method was used to calculate the effects of different concentrations of antler polypeptide on the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 14 cells.(3)Glutathione,superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,lipid peroxide,cellular iron,and reactive oxygen species levels in the blank control group,dexamethasone group and dexamethasone+antler peptide group were detected using kits.The protein expressions of glutathione peroxidase 4 and solute carrier family 7 member 11 were detected by western blot to verify the pathway by which antler polypeptide inhibits ferroptosis.RESULTS AND CONCIUSION:After cell activity was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay,antler peptide(10 mg/mL)and dexamethasone(800 μmol/L)were selected to treat MC3T3-E1 14 cells for 24 hours in subsequent experiments.After treatment with dexamethasone,malondialdehyde,lipid peroxide,cellular iron and reactive oxygen species levels were all increased(P<0.01),while glutathione content and superoxide dismutase activity were decreased and the protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 and solute carrier family 7 member 11 were also decreased(P<0.05-0.01).After antler peptide intervention,the changes in the above indexes were obviously reversed(P<0.05-0.01).To conclude,antler peptide may inhibit ferroptosis in osteoblasts by regulating the glutathione peroxidase 4/solute carrier family 7 member 11 axis,and thereby exert a therapeutic role in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach(TOETVA)has become a research hotspot because of its cosmetic advantages of no scar on the body surface,but there is still a risk of unique complications,among which mandibular sensory dysfunction is the most common,mainly related to mental nerve injury.This review focuses on the key anatomical structures closely related to the establishment of TOETVA space and the occurrence of complications.A deep understanding of the related anatomical structures of maxillofacial region and neck,especially the location and variation of mental nerve,the course of mandibular marginal branches of facial nerve,the level of mandibular muscles and the adjacent relationship of blood vessels,is the key to safely implement TOETVA and reduce postoperative complications.Preoperative image evaluation,intraoperative precise anatomy,following the design of safe area and improving the operation method in the future will contribute to the further promotion of this operation.

OBJECTIVE: Observational studies have found associations between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and vascular dementia (VD); however, these findings are inconsistent. It remains unclear whether these associations are causal. METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis by systematically searching for observational studies on the association between IBD and dementia. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis based on summary genome-wide association studies (GWASs) was performed. Genetic correlation and Bayesian co-localization analyses were used to provide robust genetic evidence. RESULTS: Ten observational studies involving 80,565,688 participants were included in this meta-analysis. IBD was significantly associated with dementia (risk ratio [ RR] =1.36, 95% CI = 1.04-1.78; I ² = 84.8%) and VD ( RR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.18-5.70; only one study), but not with AD ( RR = 2.00, 95% CI = 0.96-4.13; I ² = 99.8%). MR analyses did not supported significant causal associations of IBD with dementia (dementia: odds ratio [ OR] = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.98-1.03; AD: OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.95-1.01; VD: OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.97-1.07). In addition, genetic correlation and co-localization analyses did not reveal any genetic associations between IBD and dementia. CONCLUSION Our study did not provide genetic evidence for a causal association between IBD and dementia risk. The increased risk of dementia observed in observational studies may be attributed to unobserved confounding factors or detection bias.
Humans ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications* ; Dementia/etiology* ; Observational Studies as Topic ; Genome-Wide Association Study

Objective To construct a mammography image classification assistant system suitable for Chinese population,and explore the potential of artificial intelligence technology to assist early screening of breast cancer in China.Methods Curated breast imaging subset of digital database for screening mammography(CBIS-DDSM),Mammographic image analysis society database(MIAS)and other international open datasets were used to conduct model training respectively in order to reproduce the mainstream in-depth learning methods in the current literature.The model was also tested on the Chinese breast mammography database(CBMD)provided by Huajiao Technology Co.,Ltd,and the performance was compared.Aiming at the problem that the Chinese population data are not ideal in the performance test of the open dataset training model,an optimization strategy based on the sliding window adjustment mechanism was implemented in combination with the characteristics of Chinese population data.Then a two-stage migration learning method was designed to improve the overall performance of the model,and then development of our system was carried out.Results With the sliding window adjustment mechanism and the CBMD training model after two-stage transfer learning,the accuracy of our developed system was improved from 0.50 of the open datasets to 0.80,precision from 0.54 to 0.82,sensitivity from 0.52 to 0.80,F1 value from 0.52 to 0.80,and AUC value from 0.51 to 0.89 based on the Chinese population dataset as the test set.Conclusion Through the introduction of sliding window adjustment mechanism and two-stage migration learning strategy,the performance of the breast molybdenum target image classification model has been significantly improved in the Chinese population dataset,and our system primarily achieves the purpose of assisting the classification of breast molybdenum target images for the Chinese population.

BACKGROUND:Through scientific research addressing the effect of calcined deer antler slices on promoting the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,it aims to provide empirical support for the integration and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine and modern regenerative medicine,and promote the widespread application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of skeletal system diseases.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of calcined deer antler slices on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation.METHODS:Different calcination samples were prepared by wrapping deer antler slices with materials such as clay,yellow clay,and salted yellow clay,resulting in seven different samples(clay-cotton cloth,yellow clay-cotton cloth,salted yellow clay-cotton cloth,yellow clay-tin foil,salted yellow clay-tin foil,yellow clay-honey roasted,salted yellow clay-honey roasted antler slices).Water-soluble extract content in deer antler slices was determined before and after calcination.CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate the effects of different aqueous extracts of calcined antler slices on the proliferation activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Calcination significantly increased the water-soluble extract content of deer antler slices,with the highest content observed in samples treated with yellow clay and honey.(2)Calcined deer antler slices significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation,among which the yellow clay-honey roasted deer antler slices have the most significant effect on promoting the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.