Objective To establish a stable and reliable sepsis model of rat after liver transplantation (LT) for clinical translational research and analyze its characteristics. Methods The "two-sleeve method" was used to establish the in situ LT model of SD rats, and the sepsis model was constructed through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) at 3 d after the operation. SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operation group (Sham group), LT group, and LT + CLP group, with 6 rats in each group. The changes in body weight, rectal temperature and survival rate were compared, and the sepsis score was used for evaluation. The levels of blood biochemical indicators [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea (Urea), creatinine (Cr), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)] and inflammatory factors [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α] in each group were detected, and the pathological changes and cell apoptosis in different organs were observed. Results Compared with the Sham group, the body weight of the LT group and LT + CLP group decreased (all P<0.05). The rectal temperature of the LT + CLP group showed a continuous downward trend after the operation, the sepsis score increased sharply after the operation, and the survival rate dropped to 16.7%, and the differences between the Sham group, LT group and LT + CLP group were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The levels of ALT, AST, Urea, Cr, CK, LDH, and serum IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in the LT + CLP group were higher than those in the Sham group and LT group rats within 72 hours after the operation(all P<0.05). The pathological examination of the LT + CLP group showed severe tissue structure destruction, necrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells in multiple organs, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining showed an increased level of cell apoptosis in multiple organs. Conclusions Using liver transplantation combined with CLP, a stable animal model of liver transplantation infection is successfully established, which exhibits a high mortality rate, significant multi-organ damage and intense inflammatory response, providing an ideal animal model for transplantation infection research.

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics of the nontuberculous Mycobacteria pulmonary dis-ease(NTMPD)patients with previous pulmonary tuberculosis(PPTB)and analyze the clinical difference from the recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis.METHODS By means of retrospective survey,the patients who were diag-nosed with NTMPD and recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis in Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital from Mar.2021 to Oct.2023 were recruited as the research subjects,a total of 395 patients with NTMPD were enrolled in the study and were divided into the PPTB-NTMPD group with 92 cases and the NPPTB-NTMPD group with 303 cases according to the history of PPTB.The baseline data,clinical symptoms,imaging findings,underlying diseases,pulmonary diseases,and species of nontuberculous Mycobacteria(NTM)were observed and compared.Totally 92 patients with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis were randomly screened and assigned as the recurrent pulmonary tuberculo-sis group in a 1:1 ratio by matching the PPTB-NTMPD group with the gender and age.The major clinical charac-teristics were compared between the two groups.The 92 patients with PPTB-NTMPD were divided into the 1-10 years group with 40 cases,the 10-30 years group with 37 cases,and the more than 30 years group with 15 cases according to the interval between the initial diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and the diagnosis of NTMPD.The major clinical characteristics were compared among the groups.RESULTS The age was(64.21±10.71)years old in the PPTB-NTMPD group,(60.26±11.83)years old in the NPPTB-NTMPD group(t=3.020,P=0.003).The proportion of patients with body mass index less than 18.5 kg/m2 was 59.78％in the PPTB-NTMPD group,41.25％in the NPPTB-NTMPD group(x2=6.155,P=0.013);the proportion of patients with cough was 77.17％in the PPTB-NTMPD group,65.68％in the NPPTB-NTMPD group(x2=4.313,P=0.038);the inci-dence of cavitary shadow was 50.00％in the PPTB-NTMPD group,35.31％in the NPPTB-NTMPD group(x2=6.414,P=0.011);the incidence of emphysema and pulmonary bullae was 29.35％in the PPTB-NTMPD group,12.87％in the NPPTB-NTMPD group(x2=13.766,P＜0.001);the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)was 22.83％in the PPTB-NTMPD group,14.19％in the NPPTB-NTMPD group(x2=3.875,P=0.049);the incidence of damaged lung was 9.78％in the PPTB-NTMPD group,2.97％in the NPPTB-NT-MPD group(x2=7.530,P=0.014);there were significant differences.Mycobacterium intracellulare and Myco-bacterium abscessus were the predominant species of NTM in both the PPTB-NTMPD group and the NPPTB-NT-MPD group,there was no significant difference in the distribution of NTM species between the two groups of pa-tients.The incidence of patch shadow of the PPTB-NTMPD group was lower than that of the recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis group(P＜0.05),the incidence of bronchiectatic shadow of the PPTB-NTMPD group was higher than that of the recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis group(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the age,incidence of pleural thickening and incidence of COPD among the patients with different time intervals between ini-tial diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and the diagnosis of NTMPD in the PPTB-NTMPD group(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS The previous pulmonary tuberculosis mainly affect the body mass index less than 18.5 kg/m2 and the post-tuberculosis pulmonary diseases such as cough,pulmonary cavity,emphysema,pulmonary bullae,COPD and damaged lung of the NTMPD patients.The NTMPD patients with previous pulmonary tuberculosis are more likely to have bronchiectasia than the patients with recurrent tuberculosis.It is necessary for the clinicians to attach great importance.

This study explored the current status,hotspots,and research trends in tick-borne encephalitis(TBE)worldwide.The bibliometric analysis and knowledge mapping software,VOSviewer,was used to conduct a comprehensive study of the literature in the field of TBE in the Web of Science database and the CNKI database,and to construct a research framework of the TBE field in order to demonstrate the association between the main keywords,research countries,research institutions and published journals in this field.A total of 2 046 English-language and 582 Chinese-language publications were included in this study,with an increasing trend of publication year by year.Keyword co-occurrence analysis showed that TBE and its viruses were the focus of research,along with infection,epidemiology,pathogen classification,prevalence,transmission,and clinical symptoms.The United States,Germany,and other countries were at the top of the list of publications and citations.Institutions such as the Russian Academy of Sciences and Medical University of Vienna were prominent contributors to TBE research.Journals represented by Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases were in the lead in terms of publications and citations and were important publications for research in this field.TBE research showed wide and vigorous trends worldwide.The study displayed the current status of research and the evolution of hot trends in this field,which provided us with strong support for examining TBE as a public health problem from a broader perspective and was also of great significance for promoting future in-depth research and formulating precise prevention and control strategies.

Aim Mouse model of myocardial hypertro-phy was established via intraperitoneal injection of iso-proterenol(ISO)in mice.This approach allows for an in-depth investigation into the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action of emodin,offering novel in-sights and directions for the improvement of myocardial hypertrophy.Methods The mice were randomly di-vided into the following groups:control group(CON),emodin group(EMO),MAPK activator control group(EMO+Ani),model group(ISO),treatment group(ISO+EMO),and activator intervention group(ISO+EMO+Ani).After treatment with emodin and inter-vention with MAPK activator,the heart weight ratio and cardiac size of each group were observed.Hematoxy-lin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the patho-logical changes in cardiac tissue,and kits were utilized to measure the levels of GSH,LDH,and MDA in the serum.Western blot was employed to detect the protein expression levels of inflammatory and oxidative factors,as well as p-p38,p-ERK,p38,and ERK in cardiac tis-sue.Results Emodin can significantly inhibit the production of myocardial inflammatory and oxidative factors induced by ISO,thereby effectively alleviating the degree of myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis.Af-ter the p38/ERK signaling pathway was specifically ac-tivated by farnesol,the improvement effect of emodin on myocardial hypertrophy was weakened.Further comparison revealed that,compared with the myocardi-al hypertrophy pathological model group,the pathologi-cal protein expression levels in the farnesol-treated group showed no significant difference,and were even higher in some indicators.Conclusion Emodin can effectively inhibit the release of inflammatory factors and improve the state of oxidative stress by modulating the p38/ERK signaling pathway,thereby exerting an ameliorative effect on myocardial hypertrophy.

Objective To explore the scheme for the deployment and withdrawal of the surgical module of the new-type tent hospital system.Methods A set of standardized scheme for deploying and withdrawing the surgical module of the new-type tent hosital system was proposed and implemented in terms of labor division,operation precedure,operation technique and precaution.The operating time,number of operational errors and number of equipment damages were recorded for each of the five deployment and withdrawal operations before and after the program was executed,and the team members'immediate heart rate,percentage of maximum heart rate(MHR)and rating of perceived exercise(RPE)at the end of the operation were recorded after the program was implemented.SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The standardized scheme had the deployment time shortened from(85.15±11.430)min to(58.23±8.513)min,withdrawal time decreased from(65.36±9.369)min to(48.92±7.129)min,with the differences being statistically significant(P＜0.05);the numbers of operatio-nal errors and equipment damages were both reduced when compared with those before the implementation of the schemce;the immediate heart rate of the team members at the end of the operation ranged from 43 to 157 beats/min,with an average value of 151.1 beats/min,the individual MHR percentages were from 75％to 87％,with an average value of 81.1％,and the RPE scores were from 14 to 17,with an average value of 15.3,which all could be categorized as moderate-operation intensity.Condusion The standardized deployment and withdrawal scheme for the surgical module meets the needs of actual combat and training assessment,and thus is worthy promoting in medical institutions equipped with the surgical module of the new-type tent hosital system.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(2):74-79]

Objective:To investigate the completion rate of tumor evaluation at initial assessment and after neoadjuvant therapy for mid and low rectal cancer patients in the national multicenter real-world database.Methods:The prospective real-world study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 1 074 patients who underwent surgical treatment for mid and low rectal cancer in 47 national medical institutions, including Peking Union Medical College Hospital et al, from May 12,2023 to May 11,2024 were collected. Observation indicators: (1) clinical characteristics of patients with mid and low rectal cancer; (2) initial colonoscopy and pathologic evaluation of tumors in patients with mid and low rectal cancer; (3) initial imaging evaluation of patients with mid and low rectal cancer; (4) imaging evaluation after neoadjuvant therapy for patients with mid and low rectal cancer. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3). Count data were described as absoluter numbers and/or percentages. Results:(1) Clinical characteristics of patients with mid and low rectal cancer. Of the 1 074 patients, there were 713 males and 361 females, aged 63(56,70)years. The body mass index of 1 074 patients was 24(21,26)kg/m 2.For American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, there were 147 cases of stage Ⅰ, 641 cases of stage Ⅱ, 157 cases of stage Ⅲ, 2 cases of stage Ⅳ, and there were 127 cases missing data. (2) Initial colonoscopy and pathologic evaluation of tumors in patients with mid and low rectal cancer. Of the 1 074 patients, there were 787 cases (73.28%) undergoing complete colonoscopy, and there were only 197 cases (18.34%) undergoing immunohistochemical evaluation of all four mismatch repair proteins. (3) Initial imaging evaluation of patients with mid and low rectal cancer. Of the 1 074 patients, there were 842(78.40%) patients completing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound evaluation, and there were 914(85.10%) patients completing chest, abdomen, and pelvis enhanced computed tomography (CT) evaluation. In the 149 patients completing rectal ultrasound evaluation, there were 122 cases (81.88%) comple-ting T staging evaluation, and there were 81 cases (54.36%) completing N staging evaluation. In the 808 patients completing rectal MRI evaluation, there were 708 cases (87.62%) completing T staging evaluation, and there were 590 cases (73.02%) completing N staging evaluation. (4) Imaging evalua-tion after neoadjuvant therapy for patients with mid and low rectal cancer. Of the 388 patients with neoadjuvant therapy, there were 332 patients (85.57%) completing MRI or ultrasound evaluation, and there were 327 patients (84.28%) completing chest, abdomen, and pelvis enhanced CT evalua-tion. In the 70 patients completing rectal ultrasound evaluation, there were 65 cases (92.86%) com-pleting T staging evaluation, and there were 49 cases (70.00%) completing N staging evaluation. In the 327 patients completing rectal MRI evaluation, there were 246 cases (75.23%) completing T staging, and there were 228 cases (69.72%) completing N staging evaluation. Conclusion:The com-pletion rate of tumor imaging evaluation at initial assessment and after neoadjuvant therapy for mid and low rectal cancer patients on a national scale is relatively good.

Objective To explore the factors leading to early admission for delivery among low-risk and full-term primiparas from both the perspectives of pregnant women and healthcare professionals,and to formulate targeted interventions for reference in ameliorating early admission trend among these primiparas.Methods Using purposeful sampling,we enrolled 11 medical staff members and 13 pregnant women from the Department of Obstetrics,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University for semi-structured in-depth interviews.Content analysis was utilized to organize and analyze the collected data.Results From the perspective of pregnant women,the reasons were categorized into personal and environmental factors.Personal factors included cognition related to delivery and variability in the perception of labor contraction pain.Environmental factors included the difficulty in verifying the authenticity of labor-related information on the internet,the transmission of anxiety among family members,the convenience of obtaining medical resources,the lack of clear medical advice,and limited access to auxiliary equipment resources.From the perspective of healthcare professionals,the reasons were categorized into three aspects:factors related to pregnant women,i.e.,anxiety about delivery and fear of unknown pain during delivery;factors related to medical staff,i.e.,differences in medical practice and the provision of excessive information with insufficient pertinence in education;and objective factors,i.e.,primiparas were incapable of utilizing objective criteria to discern the start of delivery,and the convenience of accessing medical resources.Conclusion Factors leading to early admission for delivery among low-risk and full-term primiparas are personal factors,environmental factors,factors related to medical staff,and objective factors.To standardize the delivery admission timing,enhance prenatal health education,and develop outpatient support system will help assisting pregnant women in choosing an appropriate time for hospital admission.

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics of the nontuberculous Mycobacteria pulmonary dis-ease(NTMPD)patients with previous pulmonary tuberculosis(PPTB)and analyze the clinical difference from the recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis.METHODS By means of retrospective survey,the patients who were diag-nosed with NTMPD and recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis in Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital from Mar.2021 to Oct.2023 were recruited as the research subjects,a total of 395 patients with NTMPD were enrolled in the study and were divided into the PPTB-NTMPD group with 92 cases and the NPPTB-NTMPD group with 303 cases according to the history of PPTB.The baseline data,clinical symptoms,imaging findings,underlying diseases,pulmonary diseases,and species of nontuberculous Mycobacteria(NTM)were observed and compared.Totally 92 patients with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis were randomly screened and assigned as the recurrent pulmonary tuberculo-sis group in a 1:1 ratio by matching the PPTB-NTMPD group with the gender and age.The major clinical charac-teristics were compared between the two groups.The 92 patients with PPTB-NTMPD were divided into the 1-10 years group with 40 cases,the 10-30 years group with 37 cases,and the more than 30 years group with 15 cases according to the interval between the initial diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and the diagnosis of NTMPD.The major clinical characteristics were compared among the groups.RESULTS The age was(64.21±10.71)years old in the PPTB-NTMPD group,(60.26±11.83)years old in the NPPTB-NTMPD group(t=3.020,P=0.003).The proportion of patients with body mass index less than 18.5 kg/m2 was 59.78％in the PPTB-NTMPD group,41.25％in the NPPTB-NTMPD group(x2=6.155,P=0.013);the proportion of patients with cough was 77.17％in the PPTB-NTMPD group,65.68％in the NPPTB-NTMPD group(x2=4.313,P=0.038);the inci-dence of cavitary shadow was 50.00％in the PPTB-NTMPD group,35.31％in the NPPTB-NTMPD group(x2=6.414,P=0.011);the incidence of emphysema and pulmonary bullae was 29.35％in the PPTB-NTMPD group,12.87％in the NPPTB-NTMPD group(x2=13.766,P＜0.001);the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)was 22.83％in the PPTB-NTMPD group,14.19％in the NPPTB-NTMPD group(x2=3.875,P=0.049);the incidence of damaged lung was 9.78％in the PPTB-NTMPD group,2.97％in the NPPTB-NT-MPD group(x2=7.530,P=0.014);there were significant differences.Mycobacterium intracellulare and Myco-bacterium abscessus were the predominant species of NTM in both the PPTB-NTMPD group and the NPPTB-NT-MPD group,there was no significant difference in the distribution of NTM species between the two groups of pa-tients.The incidence of patch shadow of the PPTB-NTMPD group was lower than that of the recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis group(P＜0.05),the incidence of bronchiectatic shadow of the PPTB-NTMPD group was higher than that of the recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis group(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the age,incidence of pleural thickening and incidence of COPD among the patients with different time intervals between ini-tial diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and the diagnosis of NTMPD in the PPTB-NTMPD group(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS The previous pulmonary tuberculosis mainly affect the body mass index less than 18.5 kg/m2 and the post-tuberculosis pulmonary diseases such as cough,pulmonary cavity,emphysema,pulmonary bullae,COPD and damaged lung of the NTMPD patients.The NTMPD patients with previous pulmonary tuberculosis are more likely to have bronchiectasia than the patients with recurrent tuberculosis.It is necessary for the clinicians to attach great importance.

Aim Mouse model of myocardial hypertro-phy was established via intraperitoneal injection of iso-proterenol(ISO)in mice.This approach allows for an in-depth investigation into the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action of emodin,offering novel in-sights and directions for the improvement of myocardial hypertrophy.Methods The mice were randomly di-vided into the following groups:control group(CON),emodin group(EMO),MAPK activator control group(EMO+Ani),model group(ISO),treatment group(ISO+EMO),and activator intervention group(ISO+EMO+Ani).After treatment with emodin and inter-vention with MAPK activator,the heart weight ratio and cardiac size of each group were observed.Hematoxy-lin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the patho-logical changes in cardiac tissue,and kits were utilized to measure the levels of GSH,LDH,and MDA in the serum.Western blot was employed to detect the protein expression levels of inflammatory and oxidative factors,as well as p-p38,p-ERK,p38,and ERK in cardiac tis-sue.Results Emodin can significantly inhibit the production of myocardial inflammatory and oxidative factors induced by ISO,thereby effectively alleviating the degree of myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis.Af-ter the p38/ERK signaling pathway was specifically ac-tivated by farnesol,the improvement effect of emodin on myocardial hypertrophy was weakened.Further comparison revealed that,compared with the myocardi-al hypertrophy pathological model group,the pathologi-cal protein expression levels in the farnesol-treated group showed no significant difference,and were even higher in some indicators.Conclusion Emodin can effectively inhibit the release of inflammatory factors and improve the state of oxidative stress by modulating the p38/ERK signaling pathway,thereby exerting an ameliorative effect on myocardial hypertrophy.