The child, male,11 years old, Han nationality, student of Qiandongnan Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province, visited the General Hospital of Hunan Medical University on October 1,2024 due to“cough, chest tightness for 10 days and pericardial effusion was found for 8 days.”The child has a history of eating raw crabs. Admission examination: shortness of breath, slightly cyanotic lips, mild trifoveal symptoms, low heart sound, and routine blood showed significant eosinophil elevation. Serological examination showed that pulmonary fluke antibody IgG was positive, chest and abdomen CT and cardiac ultrasound showed a large amount of pericardial effusion, medium pleural effusion on the right side with lower right lung insufficiency, small pleural effusion on the left side, small effusion on the abdominal cavity, three-point Slight reflux of the valve. Considering that it is a clinical diagnosis case of complication flukesomyces disease, the child was given a praziquantel tablet,25 mg/kg,3 times a day, for 3 consecutive days. The treatment was treated at the above dose for 1 week interval for 1 course of treatment, and 3 courses were given. After three months, the child recovered well after the follow-up visit. The child did not complain of special discomfort, and the CT showed a small amount of effusion.

A solid-phase extraction-ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)method was established for simultaneous determination of 10 kinds of neonicotinoid pesticide residues in aquaculture water.Based on the chemical properties of neonicotinoid pesticides and the matrix characteristics of aquaculture water,suitable temporary storage methods for water samples and appropriate solid-phase extraction columns were selected,and the extraction conditions(including elution solvents and sample loading volumes)were optimized.The method employed acetonitrile and 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate solution(containing 0.1%formic acid)as the mobile phase and an Oasis HLB solid-phase extraction column combined with PSA as a dispersive sorbent for sample purification.The method exhibited good linearity in detection of neonicotinoid in concentration range of 0.2-50 ng/mL(R2>0.99797),with a detection limit of 0.5 ng/L and a quantification limit of 1 ng/L,which were significantly lower than the maximum acceptable method detection limits(9-500 ng/L)for neonicotinoid insecticides in water published by the European Commission.In pond water,rice-fish water,and seawater,the average recoveries of the 10 target analytes were 74.6%-114.1%,with relative standard deviations ranging from 0.3%to 9.6%.Using this method,actual sample tests were conducted on the Pearl River water,Zhaoqing pond water,and Qingyuan rice-fish aquaculture water.The total concentration of five neonicotinoid pesticides in the Pearl River water ranged from 154.8 to 246.6 ng/L,the total concentration of four neonicotinoid pesticides in the Zhaoqing pond water was 95.0-176.1 ng/L,and the total concentration of three neonicotinoid pesticides in the Qingyuan rice-fish aquaculture water was 2.3-11.7 ng/L.This method was simple in operation,highly sensitive,and had strong resistance to interference.It was suitable for detection of trace neonicotinoid pesticides in aquaculture water and could provide technical support for construction of a green aquaculture environment and resolution of international trade disputes.

Objective To investigate the genetic differences among different populations based on 13 autosomal STR loci in CODIS core.Methods Data of 13 autosomal STR loci(CSF1PO,FGA,THO1,TPOX,vWA,D3S1358,D5S818,D7S820,D8S1179,D13S317,D16S539,D18S51,D21S11)were collected from 95 populations in scientific journals between 1999 and 2021,soursed from the PubMed database,which had been published.Allele frequencies of loci were sorted out and forensic genetic parameters including gene differentiation coefficient(Gst),total heterozygosity(Ht),subpopula-tion heterozygosity(Hs)values,and Nei's DA genetic distance were calculated.Principal component analysis,phylogenetic tree,and multidimensional scale analysis were conducted to assess population ge-netic structure.Results A total of 265 alleles were detected at the 13 STR loci in these 95 popula-tions.The mean values of Gst,Ht,and Hs were 0.023 247,0.797 915 and 0.779 365.Population genetic analyses reflected significant differences among populations from Asia,Africa and Europe.In Asian populations,there was a certain degree of distinction between mainland and island populations;the Han population showed a certain degree of distinction with surrounding populations in mainland;while within the Han population,there were two distinct clusters formed by the northern Han and the south-ern Han.Conclusion The 13 autosomal STR loci in CODIS core demonstrate potential value for popu-lation identification across different groups,and may be used for the differentiation of ethnic groups,among different continental populations.

Objective:To compare the diagnostic efficacy of 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-617 PET/CT and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in detecting extraprostatic extension (EPE) and seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) in prostate cancer. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 113 patients with localized prostate cancer who underwent both 68Ga-PSMA-617 PET/CT and mpMRI at Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, from May 2018 to May 2024 prior to radical prostatectomy (RP). The median age of the patients was 66.0 (61.3, 71.0) years old, with a median body mass index of 28.86 (19.01, 24.77) kg/m 2, and a median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of 13.50(9.26, 21.99) ng/ml. The pathological results after RP were used as the gold standard to compare the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the two imaging modalities in diagnosing EPE and SVI. Additionally, the diagnostic value of combining both imaging modalities was explored, employing a parallel strategy where a positive result from either modality was deemed positive, and only when both tests were negative was the result considered negative. Results:Pathological results after RP indicated EPE in 46 cases (40.71%) and SVI in 11 cases (9.70%). In diagnosing EPE, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 68Ga-PSMA-617 PET/CT were 17.39% (8/46), 97.01% (65/67), 80.00% (8/10), and 63.11% (65/103), respectively, while for mpMRI they were 34.78% (16/46), 83.58% (56/67), 59.26% (16/27), and 65.12% (56/86), respectively. The sensitivity of mpMRI was significantly higher than that of 68Ga-PSMA-617 PET/CT ( P=0.048), while the specificity was the opposite ( P=0.008). When combining both imaging modalities, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 45.65% (21/46), 80.60% (54/67), 61.76% (21/34), and 68.35% (54/79), respectively. In diagnosing SVI, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 68Ga-PSMA-617 PET/CT were 27.27% (3/11), 96.08% (98/102), 42.86% (3/7), and 92.45% (98/106), respectively, while for mpMRI they were 36.36% (4/11), 88.24% (90/102), 25.00% (4/16), and 92.78% (90/97), respectively. The specificity of 68Ga-PSMA-617 PET/CT was significantly higher than that of mpMRI ( P=0.033). When combining both imaging modalities, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 45.45% (5/11), 85.29% (87/102), 25.00% (5/20), and 93.55% (87/93), respectively. Conclusions:mpMRI has higher sensitivity in diagnosing EPE and SVI in prostate cancer, while 68Ga-PSMA-617 PET/CT shows higher specificity. The combined use of both imaging modalities can increase diagnostic sensitivity but may reduce specificity. PSMA PET/MRI may be a more accurate diagnostic tool for discerning EPE and SVI.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with multiple myeloma(MM)complicated by bone lesions and the risk factors associated with bone lesions.Methods:The clinical data of 294 newly diagnosed MM patients in Gansu Provincial Hospital from January 2017 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into the bone lesion group(154 cases)and the non-bone lesions group(140 cases)based on the presence of absence of bone lesions at diagnosis.The general data and laboratory parameters were compared between the two groups.The risk factors for bone lesions in MM patients were analyzed by logistic regression analysis,and the characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to assess the predictive value of each risk factor for the occurrence of bone lesions in MM patients.Results:Compared to the non-bone lesion group,the bone lesion group had significantly higher serum calcium levels and significantly greater proportions of patients with Durie-Salmon(DS)stage Ⅲ,and bone pain(all P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated serum calcium(OR=5.135,95％CI:1.931-13.653,P=0.001),DS stage Ⅲ(OR=1.841,95％CI:1.019-3.328,P=0.043),and bone pain(OR=8.208,95％CI:4.761-14.151,P＜0.001)were independent risk factors for bone lesions in MM patients.ROC curve analysis showed that serum calcium(AUC=0.619,95％CI:0.555-0.683,P＜0.001)and bone pain(AUC=0.743,95％CI:0.692-0.793,P＜0.001)had predictive value for bone lesions in MM patients.Conclusion:MM patients have a high incidence of bone lesions,and active monitoring and management of risk factors may improve treatment outcomes and prognosis.

Objective:To analyze the preferences of medical staff in TCM hospitals in Beijing regarding the achievements transformation of hospital traditional Chinese medicine preparations,and to provide a reference for formulating incentive policies.Methods:233 medical staff from five TCM hospitals in Beijing were taken as the research objects,and surveyed with a questionnaire designed based on the discrete choice experiment(DCE).Mixed logit models and latent class models were then used to analyze their transformation preferences.Results:The mixed Logit model revealed that seven key attributes significantly influenced medical staff's preferences for the achievements transformation of traditional Chinese medicine preparations(P<0.05).Latent class analysis identified three distinct preference groups among respondents:an organization-dependent group(27.0%),a pro-transformation group(61.4%),and a conservative group(11.6%).Conclusions:Medical Staff preferred transformation conditions that increased monthly income;utilized"human use+re-experimentation";involved the hospital's achievements transformation department as the entity;were funded by the hospital;offered a 70%profit share;enabled promotion three years earlier,and assigned patents to the hospital.The study recommends implementing diverse incentive measures and developing differentiated strategies tailored to the distinct Medical Staff categories to facilitate the transformation of hospital traditional Chinese medicine preparations into new drugs.

Fucoidan(FUC)is a natural seaweed-derived drug.Previously,our experiments have shown that FUC can significantly inhibit the cell viability of human osteosarcoma 143B cells and induce cell death,but the mechanism remains unclear.Ferroptosis,a novel form of cell death,has emerged as an important target for tumor therapy.This study aims to investigate whether FUC induces ferroptosis of 143B cells and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms.CCK-8 and LDH assays result showed that FUC(10,100,400 μg/mL)significantly reduced cell viability of 143B cells and induced cell death.Calce-in-AM staining,FeRhoNox-1 staining,and C11 BODIPY 581/591 staining indicated that FUC obviously increased the levels of labile iron pool(LIP),Fe2+,and lipid reactive oxygen species(Lip ROS)in 143B cells.Chemical colorimetric analysis revealed that FUC markedly decreased intracellular Glutathi-one(GSH)contents.Real-time quantitative PCR showed that FUC dramatically reduced the mRNA lev-els of ferroptosis-related factors solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11)and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),while increasing the mRNA levels of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2)and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4(ACSL4).Western blotting analysis demonstrated that FUC significantly reduced the protein levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4,and the ratios of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-AktSer473/Akt,and p-AktThr308/Akt,but increased the protein level of ACSL4.Immunofluorescence staining showed that FUC obviously inhibited the nuclear translocation of p-AktSer473.The ferroptosis in-hibitor ferrostatin-1(Fer-1)and iron chelator deferoxamine(DFO)remarkably suppressed cell death in-duced by FUC in 143B cells.Additionally,the PI3K/Akt pathway activator 740Y-P significantly inhibi-ted FUC-induced iron overload and lipid peroxidation in 143B cells,and restored the protein levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4.In conclusion,FUC can induce ferroptosis of 143B cells by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,which may be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of osteosarcoma.

Objective To analyse the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with intermittent catheterisation in treating postoperative urinary retention after radical surgery for cervical cancer,and provide reference for the clinical treatment of postoperative urinary retention.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted based on the clinical data of patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer at Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University,from Sept 2019 to Dec 2021 and subsequently developed urinary retention.The patients were treated with a combination of acupuncture and intermittent catheterization.We observed residual urine volume,duration of acupuncture treatment,and urinary tract infection status to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the acupuncture combined with intermittent catheterization regimen.We examined the relationship between treatment duration and various factors such as age,pathological type,surgical-pathological staging,surgical method,pre-treatment catheter indwelling time,pre-treatment residual urine volume,presence or absence of postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy,pre-existing urinary tract infection,and whether ureteral stenting was performed,in order to analyze the factors affecting the treatment duration.Results A total of 156 patients were reviewed.After treatment,132 cases had a post-treatment residual urine volume<100 mL,7 cases had a volume of 100-200 mL,and 15 cases had a volume>200 mL.Two cases still had great difficulty in urination after treatment,resulting in an overall effectiveness rate of 89.1%.No significant adverse events occurred in the patients.The treatment duration ranged from 2 to 17 days,with an average treatment time of 6.2 days.The treatment duration was a correlated with the preoperative indwelling catheter duration,residual urine volume and postoperative radiotherapy.Conclusion Acupuncture combined with intermittent catheterisation in treating urinary retention after radical surgery for cervical cancer has good efficacy,short treatment time and no obvious adverse effects,and can be an option for treating postoperative urinary retention.

The application of botulinum neurotoxin(BoNT)in cosmetic procedures of the head and neck is well established.In recent years,however,its therapeutic scope has significantly expanded to include functional and pathological disorders within this anatomical region.This article reviews the use of BoNT as an important treatment modality for various head and neck disorders,encompassing movement disor-ders(such as laryngeal,craniocervical,middle ear,oromandibular,and cervical dystonia),peripheral nerve dysfunction(including multiple system atrophy,migraine,synkinesis and spasm following facial nerve palsy),upper aerodigestive tract dysfunction(e.g.,post-laryngectomy complications,cricopharyn-geal dysphagia,pharyngeal pouch,and retrograde cricopharyngeal dysfunction),and autonomic nervous disorders(such as sialorrhea and gustatory sweating syndrome).By leveraging its highly specific neuro-modulatory effects,BoNT provides a reversible,minimally invasive,and potent therapeutic alternative for conditions often refractory to conventional pharmacological or surgical interventions.This review systemat-ically examines the mechanisms of action,injection techniques,clinical efficacy,and safety profiles of BoNT in the above-mentioned diseases,and discusses future applications,aiming to offer comprehensive evidence-based guidance for clinical practice to otolaryngologists-head and neck surgeons.