With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of silencing CD46 and desmoglein 2 (DSG2) in host A549 cells on the entry of human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3) and type 7 (HAdV-7) and host cell secretion of inflammatory cytokines. METHODS: RNA interference technique was use to silence the expression of CD46 or DSG2 in human epithelial alveolar A549 cells as the host cells of HAdV-3 or HAdV-7. The binding of the viruses with CD46 and DSG2 were observed with immunofluorescence staining at 0.5 and 1 h after viral infection. The viral load in the host cells was determined with qRT-PCR, and IL-8 secretion level was measured using ELISA. RESULTS: In infected A549 cells, immunofluorescent staining revealed colocalization of HAdV-3 and HAdV-37 with their receptors CD46 and DSG2 at 0.5 h and 2 h after infection, and the copy number of the viruses increased progressively after the infection in a time-dependent manner. In A549 cells with CD46 silencing, the virus titers were significantly lower at 2, 6, 12 and 24 h postinfection in comparison with the cells without gene silencing; the virus titers were also significantly decreased in the cells with DSG2 silencing. The secretion level of IL-8 increased significantly in A549 cells without siRNA transfection following infection with HAdV-3 and HAdV-7 (P < 0.0001), but decreased significantly in cells with CD46 and DSG2 silencing (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION HAdV-3 and HAdV-7 enter host cells by binding to their receptors CD46 and DSG2, and virus titer and cytokines release increase with infection time. Silencing CD46 and DSG2 can inhibit virus entry and cytokine IL-8 production in host cells.
A549 Cells ; Adenoviruses, Human/metabolism* ; Desmoglein 2/metabolism* ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; Membrane Cofactor Protein/genetics* ; RNA, Small Interfering

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of endoscopic lateral neck dissection via the breast and transoral approaches (ELNDBTOA) for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods: From February 2015 to April 2019, 10 patients with PTC (cN1b) including 1 male and 9 females aged from 22 to 53 years old received ELNDBTOA in the General Surgery Department of Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University. Total thyroidectomy, the central lymph node dissection and the selective neck dissection (levels Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ) were performed endoscopically via the breast approach, and then the residual lymph nodes were dissected via transoral approach. The medical records, operation time, blood loss, complications and postoperative follow-up outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. SPSS 22.0 software package was used for statistical processing of clinical data of patients. Results: All cases were successfully treated with ELNDBTOA without transfer to open surgery. The average operative time was (362.5±79.7) min, the blood loss was (23.0±14.9) ml, and the postoperative hospital stay was (5.1±1.3) days. The mean number of harvested cervical lymph nodes were (34.2±25.8), and the mean number of positive lymph nodes were (6.5±4.9). Lymph nodes were dissected by the further dissection via oral approach in 6 patients and a total of 9 lateral lymph nodes were havested from 2 of the 6 patients, with 3 positive lymph nodes. Two patients had transient skin numbness in the mandibular area and recovered within two weeks. One patient developed transient hypoparathyroidism and recovered within two months. No secondary bleeding, recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis, chylous leakage, neck infection, permanent hypoparathyroidism or other complications were observed. The follow-up time was from 16 to 66 months with a median of 42.5 months, no tumor recurrence or metastasis occurred, and also no obvious deformity, abnormal sensation or movement in the chest, neck and mouth was observed. Conclusions: ELNBTOA is safe and feasible, with good cosmetic outcome.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck Dissection ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/surgery* ; Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery* ; Thyroidectomy ; Young Adult

Background/Aims: Esophagogastric junction adenocarci-noma (EJA) is a malignant tumor associated with high mor-bidity and has attracted increasing attention due to a rising incidence and low survival rate. Pathological biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis, but noninvasive and effective tests are lacking, resulting in diagnoses at advanced stages.This study explored the diagnostic value of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) in EJA. Methods: A total of 120 EJA patients and 88 normal controls were recruited, and their serum levels of IGFBP7 were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Receiver operating character-istic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the diagnostic value, and Pearson chi-square analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between IGFBP7 and clinical parameters. Ka-plan-Meier survival analysis was carried out to assess the ef-fect of IGFBP7 on overall survival (OS). Results: The levels of IGFBP7 were higher in both early- and late-stage EJA patients than in normal controls (p<0.001). The area under the ROC curve for EJA patients was 0.794 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.733 to 0.854), with a cutoff value of 2.716 ng/mL, a sensitivity of 63.3% (95% CI, 54.0% to 71.8%) and a specific-ity of 90.9% (95% CI, 82.4% to 95.7%). For the diagnosis of early-stage EJA, the same cutoff value and specificity were obtained, but the sensitivity of IGFBP7 was 54.3% (95% CI, 36.9% to 70.8%). Patients with low IGFBP7 protein expres-sion had lower OS than those with high expression (p=0.034).The multivariate analysis showed that IGFBP7 is an inde-pendent prognostic factor for EJA (p=0.011). Conclusions Serum IGFBP7 acts as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for EJA.

Objective The aim is to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and risk of all-cause mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 17 638 patients with type 2 diabetes registered in the management of National Basic Public Health Services in two areas of southern and northern Jiangsu were recruited. Cox proportional risk regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratio(HR) value and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of different BMI groups in the follow-up period. Results The subjects were followed up for a total of 77 451 person-years with an average duration of 4.39 years, and 1 274 patients died during the follow-up period. The number of death in low weight group (BMI<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight group (18.5 kg/m2≤BMI<24 kg/m2), overweight (24 kg/m2≤BMI<28 kg/m2) and obese group (BMI≥28 kg/m2) were 39, 575, 484 and 176 respectively.The corresponding mortalities were 15.6%, 9.5%, 6.2% and 5.1%, respectively. Compared to normal weight group, the adjusted HR of all-cause mortality in low weight, overweight and obese group were 1.66 (95% CI: 1.20-2.30), 0.68 (95% CI: 0.61-0.77), 0.58 (95% CI: 0.48-0.68), respectively. Conclusions Low-weight patients have the highest risk of all-cause mortality compared with normal counterparts, while both overweight and obese people have a lower risk of death. Overweight and obesity may reduce the risk of all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetic patients.

This article reports two cases of childhood-onset nemaline myopathy diagnosed by muscle pathology and genetic diagnosis. The two patients had onset in early childhood, with muscle weakness as the first manifestation, as well as long disease duration and slow progression. Gomori staining and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed red-stained rods in the sarcoplasmic cytoplasm and sarcolemma under a light microscope. Electron microscopy showed that the dense nemaline rods were located under the muscle fiber sarcolemma and parallel to the long axis of the muscle fibers, and some muscle fiber myofilaments were dissolved and necrotic. Gene testing found that one of the two patients had heterozygous mutation (c.1013A>C) in the ACTA1 gene, and the other had compound heterozygous mutation (c.18676C>T and c.9812C>A) in the NEB gene. The two mutations were more common in nemaline myopathy. Nemaline myopathy is a recessive or dominant inheritance myopathy, in which the nemaline rod in the cytoplasm of myocytes is a characteristic muscle pathological change. Pathological and genetic diagnosis is the gold standard for diagnosis of nemaline myopathy.

OBJECTIVEChinese allergic subjects have high levels of sensitization to house dust mite (HDM) and other indoor allergens. This study quantifies common indoor allergen levels in Chinese households.

METHODSDust samples were collected from nine cities. Major allergens Der p 1 and Der f 1 from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae, and specific antigens of Blomia tropicalis, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Acarus siro, and cockroach species Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana were measured by ELISA.

RESULTSHDM allergens were found in dust samples from bedding in 95% of the Chinese households. The median levels varied from <0.006 to 9.2 µg/g of dust, depending on the city. The percentages of households having HDM allergen levels associated with the risk of developing allergy sensitization and asthma were 65% and 25%, respectively. Specific antigens of the storage mite and cockroach were only found in samples from the southern and tropical regions of China. Levels of mite allergens were generally higher in samples from bedding compared to samples from the living room, even for storage mites, whereas levels of cockroach antigens were higher in the living room samples.

CONCLUSIONHDM allergens are present in bedding dust samples from most Chinese households. Cities in southern and central China have relatively high levels of HDM major allergens compared to cities in northern and western China. Antigens of storage mites and cockroaches are not as common as HDM allergens.

Air Pollution, Indoor ; statistics & numerical data ; Allergens ; chemistry ; Animals ; Bedding and Linens ; China ; Cockroaches ; Dust ; analysis ; Housing ; Pyroglyphidae ; Seasons

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism and clinical effect of using the manipulatin of move, adduction, rotation method for the treatment of shoulder dislocation.

METHODSfrom January 2010 to March 2012,120 patients with shoulder dislocation admitted were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, 60 cases in each group. In the treatment group, there were 31 males and 29 females; In control group, there were 30 males and 30 females. In treatment group, 60 patients create their own "on the move, adduction, rotation manipulative treatment,the other 60 cases in control group used traditional restoration methods in wearing the traction treatment. The efficacy of two methods of treatment of shoulder dislocation were compared on reset process once successfully rate, the patient's level of pain (VAS).

RESULTSIn treatment group, restoration once successfully were in 59 cases, improvement of the pain (VAS) values was 3.76 +/- 1.05, the results were excellent in 57 cases, good in 2, poor in 1,without concurrent fractures and nerve injury, without re-dislocation after 3 months. In control group, restoration once successfully were in 50 cases, improvement of pain (VAS) values was 5.67 +/- 1.15, the results were excellent in 45 cases, good in 7, poor in 8. The reset once successfully rate,improvement of VAS values and clinical effect in treatment group were better than that of control group.

CONCLUSIONOn the move, adduction, rotation method has advantages of more wearing traction with uniform force, work together to focus, saving time and effort, easy and convenient to avoid iatrogenic injury.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Rotation ; Shoulder Dislocation ; therapy

BACKGROUNDAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental disorders during childhood, characterized by the core symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention and puts great burden on children themselves, their families and the society. Osmotic release oral system methylphenidate (OROS-MPH) is a once-daily controlled-release formulation developed to overcome some of the limitations associated with immediate-release methylphenidate (IR-MPH). It has been marketed in China since 2005 but still lacks data from large-sample clinical trials on efficacy and safety profiles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of OROS-MPH in children aged 6 to 16 years with ADHD under naturalistic clinical setting.

METHODSThis 6-week, multi-center, prospective, open-label study enrolled 1447 ADHD children to once-daily OROS-MPH (18 mg, 36 mg or 54 mg) treatment. The effectiveness measures were parent-rated Inattention and Overactivity With Aggression (IOWA) Conners I/O and O/D subscales, physician-rated CGI-I and parent-rated global efficacy assessment scale. Blood pressure, pulse rate measurement, adverse events (AEs) and concomitant medications and treatment review were conducted by the investigator and were served as safety measures.

RESULTSA total of 1447 children with ADHD (mean age (9.52 ± 2.36) years) were enrolled in this trial. Totally 96.8% children received an OROS-MPH modal dose of 18 mg, 3.1% with 36 mg and 0.1% with 54 mg at the endpoint of study. The parent IOWA Conners I/O score at the end of week 2 showed statistically significant (P < 0.001) improvement with OROS-MPH (mean: 6.95 ± 2.71) versus the score at baseline (10.45 ± 2.72). The change in the parent IOWA Conners O/D subscale, CGI-I and parent-rated global efficacy assessment scale also supported the superior efficacy for OROS-MPH treatment. Fewer than half of 1447 patients (511(35.3%)) reported AEs, and the majority of the events reported were mild (68.2%). No serious adverse events were reported during the study.

CONCLUSIONThis open-label, naturalistic study provides further evidence of effectiveness and safety of OROS-MPH in school-aged children under routine practice.

Adolescent ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; drug therapy ; Child ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methylphenidate ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome