Objective To explore the differences in quality of life among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in different age groups and the impact of cognitive intervention on them.Methods A total of 148 postoperative HCC patients(observation group)who underwent follow-up examinations at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University from May 2020 to May 2021 were enrolled.They were divided into a young group(n=20),a middle-aged group(n=47),and an elderly group(n=81)according to the age.The differences of postoperative quality of life among HCC patients in different age groups were investigated.Meanwhile,214 HCC patients scheduled for surgical treatment were selected and randomly divide into an experimental group and a control group,with 107 patients in each group.They were also divided into a young group,a middle-aged group,and an elderly group according to the age.Routine care and routine care+cognitive intervention were implemented in the experimental group and control group,respectively.The impact of cognitive intervention on the quality of life of HCC patients in different age groups was investigated.Results The role function,emotional function,cognitive function,social function,and overall quality of life of the young HCC patients in the observation group were worse than those of the middle-aged and elderly patients,while the physical function of the elderly patients was worse than that of the young and middle-aged patients(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the young and middle-aged HCC patients in the experimental group had statistically significant improvements in role,emotion,cognitive function and overall quality of life(P<0.05),while the elderly HCC patients in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The postoperative quality of life varies among HCC patients in different age groups.Cognitive intervention can improve the postoperative quality of life of HCC patients,especially for young and middle-aged HCC patients.