In recent years, with the advancement of preoperative assessment techniques, neoadjuvant therapies, and surgical techniques, the anastomosis level in laparoscopic and robotic-assisted colorectal cancer surgery has been lowered, and the sphincter preservation rate has increased. However, anastomosis-related complications remain a significant factor affecting surgical procedures and postoperative functional recovery, and they significantly impact patient prognosis. This article evaluates anastomosis quality based on multiple criteria and focuses on the causes, clinical manifestations, and prevention-treatment methods of three common complications: anastomotic leakage, stenosis, and bleeding. It aims to provide references for clinicians to better prevent and manage these complications, improve prognosis, and enhance patients' quality of life.

In recent years, with the advancement of preoperative assessment techniques, neoadjuvant therapies, and surgical techniques, the anastomosis level in laparoscopic and robotic-assisted colorectal cancer surgery has been lowered, and the sphincter preservation rate has increased. However, anastomosis-related complications remain a significant factor affecting surgical procedures and postoperative functional recovery, and they significantly impact patient prognosis. This article evaluates anastomosis quality based on multiple criteria and focuses on the causes, clinical manifestations, and prevention-treatment methods of three common complications: anastomotic leakage, stenosis, and bleeding. It aims to provide references for clinicians to better prevent and manage these complications, improve prognosis, and enhance patients' quality of life.