Objectives: This study aims to investigate the prevalence and severity of postpartum depression symptoms in high-risk mothers following preterm birth upon discharge and to identify related factors and risk factors for these symptoms. Methods: The study retrospectively analyzed medical records of women with high-risk pregnancies who delivered premature infants (gestational age ≤35 weeks and weight <2,000 g) between January 2019 and January 2024. Postpartum depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: The study included 96 mothers who gave birth to premature infants and completed both the EPDS and PHQ-9 at discharge. Mean EPDS score was 8.35±4.95, and the mean PHQ-9 score was 3.32±3.43. The prevalence of depressive symptoms and their association with various maternal and neonatal factors were analyzed. Maternal age showed a significant correlation with EPDS scores (r=0.291, p=0.004). Conclusions In this study, it was identified that high-risk pregnancies resulting in premature birth experience a considerable prevalence of depressive symptoms. Identifying related factors is crucial for early intervention and support for this vulnerable group.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the prevalence and severity of postpartum depression symptoms in high-risk mothers following preterm birth upon discharge and to identify related factors and risk factors for these symptoms. Methods: The study retrospectively analyzed medical records of women with high-risk pregnancies who delivered premature infants (gestational age ≤35 weeks and weight <2,000 g) between January 2019 and January 2024. Postpartum depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: The study included 96 mothers who gave birth to premature infants and completed both the EPDS and PHQ-9 at discharge. Mean EPDS score was 8.35±4.95, and the mean PHQ-9 score was 3.32±3.43. The prevalence of depressive symptoms and their association with various maternal and neonatal factors were analyzed. Maternal age showed a significant correlation with EPDS scores (r=0.291, p=0.004). Conclusions In this study, it was identified that high-risk pregnancies resulting in premature birth experience a considerable prevalence of depressive symptoms. Identifying related factors is crucial for early intervention and support for this vulnerable group.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the prevalence and severity of postpartum depression symptoms in high-risk mothers following preterm birth upon discharge and to identify related factors and risk factors for these symptoms. Methods: The study retrospectively analyzed medical records of women with high-risk pregnancies who delivered premature infants (gestational age ≤35 weeks and weight <2,000 g) between January 2019 and January 2024. Postpartum depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: The study included 96 mothers who gave birth to premature infants and completed both the EPDS and PHQ-9 at discharge. Mean EPDS score was 8.35±4.95, and the mean PHQ-9 score was 3.32±3.43. The prevalence of depressive symptoms and their association with various maternal and neonatal factors were analyzed. Maternal age showed a significant correlation with EPDS scores (r=0.291, p=0.004). Conclusions In this study, it was identified that high-risk pregnancies resulting in premature birth experience a considerable prevalence of depressive symptoms. Identifying related factors is crucial for early intervention and support for this vulnerable group.

Most broncholiths are related to infection with fungus or tuberculosis and they involve the lymph nodes; those cases that are caused by silicosis are rarely seen. Broncholith might lead complication such as bronchial rupture into the mediastinum, which can result in hemoptysis, cough, repeated pneumonia and so on. Flexible bronchoscopy plays an important part in the diagnosis of broncholithiasis, but its therapeutic application in the clinical setting is controversial. We report here on two cases of broncholith removal without complication with the use of a balloon catheter and tripod forceps using flexible bronchoscopy.
Adult ; Aged ; *Balloon Dilatation ; Bronchial Diseases/*therapy ; *Bronchoscopy ; Calculi/*therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male

BACKGROUND: Propofol can be used to provide general anesthesia or sedation. The objectives of this study were to assess propofol as sedative agents for outpatient GI endoscopy, amnestic effects, hemodynamic state and oxygenation during the procedure. METHODS: From April and June 2000, 50 patients scheduled outpatient gastrointestinal endoscopy were enrolled in this study. 30 healthy outpatients requesting sedation at diagnostic gastroscopy were received a bolus dose of propofol 2.5 mg/kg and compared with 20 patients with non-sedation. Pulse rate, blood-pressure and arterial oxygen saturation was monitored. RESULTS: Statistically significant decrease in arterial oxygen saturation were observed since 5 min after endoscopy in patients receiving propofol (p=0.006). Patients receiving sedative endoscopy, pulse rate during endoscopy was significantly increased compared with propofol group (p=0.009). Patients receiving propofol are more tolerable than patients with non-sedative endoscopy (p=0.001), therefore all patients receiving propofol wanted the same sedative endoscopy in their next endoscopy. CONCLUSION: Propofol is believed to be a useful, safe sedative agent for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with satisfactory sedation and conditions. However, due to its untoward effect of hypoxia, careful monitoring is recommended.
Anesthesia, General ; Anoxia ; Conscious Sedation* ; Endoscopy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal* ; Gastroscopy ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Oxygen ; Propofol*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the patients in the rehabilitation center with the patients who had visited the Department of Ophthalmology of Chonnam University Hospital to investigate incidence and type of ocular abnormalities in cerebral palsy patients. METHODS: We compared the seventy patients who had visited the Department of Ophthalmology of Chonnam University Hospital from January 1990 to July 2000 with one hundred and six patients in the rehabilitation center, and analyzed the incidence and type of ocular abnormalities between the two groups of cerebral palsy patients. RESULTS: In rehabilitation center group, spastic type was 51 patients among 90 patients (56.7%). In outpatient group, spastic type was 48 patients among 52 patients (92.3%). In rehabilitation center group, strabismus was detected in 35 patients among 106 patients (33.0%). In outpatient group, strabismus was detected in 31 patients among 70 patients (44.3%). In rehabilitation center group, refractive errors were detected in 27 patients among 85 patients (31.8%). In outpatient group, refractive errors were detected in 28 patients among 60 patients (46.7%). CONCLUSION: We concluded that because of the high incidence of ocular abnormalities in both rehabilitation center and outpatient groups, early detection through routine screening and early treatment for the ocular abnormalities of the cerebral palsy patients would be needed.
Cerebral Palsy* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do ; Mass Screening ; Muscle Spasticity ; Ophthalmology ; Outpatients ; Refractive Errors* ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Strabismus*

PURPOSE: To compare the postoperative results of unilateral lateral rectus recession with bilateral lateral rectus recession between 20 prism diopters (PD) and 25 PD intermittent exotropia for basic type. METHODS: We analyzed retrospectively the data of 27 patients underwent unilateral lateral rectus recession and 38 patients underwent bilateral lateral rectus recession with 20 PD and 25 PD intermittent exotropia for basic type from June 1996 to May 2000 at the Department of Ophthalmology of Chonnam National University Hospital. RESULTS: There were 10 cases (37.0%) in unilateral group and 8 cases (21.1%) in bilateral group showing undercorrection in the amount of deviation more than 10 PD and 2 cases (5.3%) in bilateral group showing overcorrection in the amount of deviation more than 10 PD, and there was no overcorrection in unilateral group. There was a tendency of recurrence of exotropia during the first postoperative month, but the alignment after 1 month postoperative was not much different from the alignment at the last follow-up. The mean amount of correction after surgery was 13.78+/-7.65 PD (Mean+/-SD) in unilateral group and 20.32+/-8.37 PD (Mean+/-SD) in bilateral group (P=0.002). Success rate was 73.6% in bilateral group, better than 63.0% in unilateral group although there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The undercorrection rate of bilateral lateral rectus recession is less than that of unilateral lateral rectus recession and more satisfactory surgical outcome was obtained in bilateral lateral rectus recession; therefore bilateral lateral rectus recession can lead to good result in 20~25 PD intermittent exotropia for basic type.
Exotropia* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Ophthalmology ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of Acrysof(R) intraocular lens (IOL) compared to PMMA IOL about visual acuity & postoperative complications (eg. posterior capsular opacification) in diabetic patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 18 patients (21 eyes) which underwent cataract extraction with Acrysof (R) IOL implantation and 58 patients (65 eyes) with PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) IOL implantation from January 1996 to December 1999 at Chonnam National University Hospital. RESULTS: Postoperative best corrected visual acuity of above or equal to 0.5 was seem in 66.7% in acrysof (R) group, and in 73.9% in PMMA group at 6 months follow-up. Postoperative posterior capsular opacification was 33.3% and 49.2% respectively, and there was statistically significant difference in both group(p=0.021). CONCLUSIONS: Acrysof(R) intraocular lens can be used safely and reduce the rate of posterior capsular opacification in diabetic patients, which can make the positive effect on the treatment of the diabetic retinopathy after cataract surgery.
Cataract ; Cataract Extraction ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular* ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Medical Records ; Polymethyl Methacrylate* ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of short-term application of mitomycin C and releasable scleral flap sutures. METHODS: The clinical outcome and complications were evaluated in 62 eyes undergone glaucoma triple procedure(Group A: with mitomycin C and releasable suture, Group B: with mitomycin C only, Group C: with releasable suture only, Group D: without mitomycin C and releasable suture). RESULTS: The mean postoperative intraocular pressure was relatively lower in group A and B than that of group C and D(p=0.868). The most common complication was posterior capsular opacity, and other complications were cystoid macular edema, hypotony, choroidal detachment and bleb leakage. CONCLUSIONS: The glaucoma triple procedure using mitomycin C and releasable suture could be recommended to be safe and effective on controlling the early postoperative and long-term intraocular pressure for treating the patients with coexisting cataract and glaucoma, and the use of releasable suture could lower the incidence of postoperative complications such as hypotony.
Blister ; Cataract ; Choroid ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intraocular Pressure ; Macular Edema ; Mitomycin* ; Postoperative Complications ; Sutures*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the recent trend of indication for pregnancy termination. METHOD: From 1993 to 2000, 1,087 cases of termination out of 61,842 cases of deliveries in Samsung cheil hospital were analyzed. We reviewed retrospectively the data-base and charts of delivery, and analyzed the indication for pregnancy termination. RESULTS: Among 61,842 cases of deliveries, indications of pregnancy termination were fetal structure anomalies in 399 cases (0.7%), IUFD in 261 cases (0.4%), PROM in 215 cases (0.4%), chromosomal anomalies in 138 cases (0.2%), anhydroamnios in 32 cases (0.05%), rubella infection of mother or fetus in 24 cases (0.04%), and others in 20 cases (0.03%). Autopsy was performed in 242 cases of fetal anomalies (60.7%), 116 cases of UIFD (44%), and 59 cases of fetal chromosomal abnormalities (43%). The cases of chromosomal anomaly as indication of termination increased and rubella infection of mother or fetus decreased recently, and it is statistically significant r=0.95(P=0.00) and r=-0.73(P=0.04). The fetal weight terminated due to PROM is significantly decreased (Y=517-26 x year P=0.002). CONCLUSION: The indications of termination for fetal chromosomal abnormalities were increased, but for rubella infections were decreased. In cases of PROM, the terminated fetal weight were significantly decreased. However, no change was observed in cases of fetal anomaly, IUFD,and PROM.
Autopsy ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Fetal Weight ; Fetus ; Humans ; Mothers ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Rubella