Purpose: This study aims to examine differences in experiences of violence and hospital violence attitude according to gender and gender-role identity of clinical nurses. Methods: The quota sampling method, was used to select the research subjects. They were divided into two groups male and female nurses who worked for three general hospitals or higher level-hospitals in Incheon and Gyeongbuk. The data of 219 subjects was used for final analysis. The IBM SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the data t-test and ANOVA. Results: According to gender, the hospital violence experience of female nurses was oserved frequently when the verbal violence came from guardians, and when the physical threats came from others. For male nurses, the experiences of hospital violence was obserbed. According to gender, the hospital violence attitude revealed significant differences in female nurses that the negative attitude was higher (t=-4.69, p<.001). According to gender-role identity, the undifferentiated and femininity showed significant differences (F=4.86 p=.003). Conclusion The differentiated strategies of coping measures and violence preventive education considering the gender and gender-role identity of clinical nurses would help formulate measures for the effective management of hospital violence.

Purpose: This study was to identify the impact of symptom clusters on the quality of life in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: Data were collected from 154 lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at two tertiary hospitals located in Daegu and Seoul, Korea. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, multiple regression analysis. Results: The most frequently reported symptoms included ‘can’t enjoy life,’ ‘not satisfied with quality of life right now,’ ‘short of breath,’ and ‘fatigue.’ The symptoms that inconveniences patients the most are ‘can’t enjoy life,’ ‘difficulty breathing’, and ‘not satisfied with quality of life right now.’ The quality of life score was 82.58 (0~132). Factor analysis showed that four distinct symptom clusters were identified: fatigueconcern-dissatisfaction of life cluster, dyspnea-weight loss cluster, nausea-anorexia cluster, and treatment side effect cluster. The finding supported the existence of the symptom cluster and Karnofsky Performance Status affected the quality of life of lung cancer patients. The fatigue-concern-dissatisfaction of life cluster showed 56% of explanatory power. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to manage the characteristics of each lung cancer patient’s symptoms cluster and to develop a strategy that can improve the quality of life.

The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine has shown excellent clinical effectiveness; however, adverse events of the vaccine remain a concern in Korea. We surveyed adverse events in 2498 healthcare workers vaccinated with the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine at a university hospital. The survey was conducted using a diary card for 7 days following each injection. The questionnaire response rate was 75.1% (1876/2498) for the first dose and 73.8% (1840/2493) for the second dose. Among local reactions, pain was the most commonly reported (84.9% after the first dose and 90.4% after the second dose). After the second dose, two people visited the emergency room due to severe local pain, but no hospitalization or skin necrosis occurred. Among systemic reactions, fatigue was most frequently reported (52.8% after the first dose and 77.0% after the second dose), followed by myalgia (49.0% and 76.1%), headache (28.7% and 59.2%), chills (16.7% and 54.0%), and arthralgia (11.4% and 39.2%). One or more critical adverse events occurred in 0.2% and 0.7% of the vaccinees. Except for urticaria, more adverse events were reported after the second dose than after the first dose. In the future, adverse events should be investigated in older adults, and a future study with a longer observation period should be conducted.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify attitudes of male baby boomers towards suicide. Methods: Q-Methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Thirty-five q-statements were selected from total 110 statements. The recruited P-sample consisted of thirty-three male baby boomers in 1 town and 4 cities. Q-statements were classified into a shape of normal distribution of a 9-point scale. Collected data were analyzed using PQMethod Program 2.11. Results: Three types of attitudes towards suicide were identified. The first type was self-overcoming type that oppose suicide. The second type was burden recognition type with ambivalence toward suicide. The third type was social support-seeking types that oppose suicide. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to apply a suicide prevention program differentiated according to the three types for suicide prevention among male baby boomers in Korea.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify attitudes of male baby boomers towards suicide. Methods: Q-Methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Thirty-five q-statements were selected from total 110 statements. The recruited P-sample consisted of thirty-three male baby boomers in 1 town and 4 cities. Q-statements were classified into a shape of normal distribution of a 9-point scale. Collected data were analyzed using PQMethod Program 2.11. Results: Three types of attitudes towards suicide were identified. The first type was self-overcoming type that oppose suicide. The second type was burden recognition type with ambivalence toward suicide. The third type was social support-seeking types that oppose suicide. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to apply a suicide prevention program differentiated according to the three types for suicide prevention among male baby boomers in Korea.

PURPOSE: Authors develop a unified structural model that defines multirelationships between systematic factors causing excessive use of smartphones and the corresponding results. METHODS: A survey was conducted with adolescents who live in Seoul, Pusan, Gangneung, Donghae, and Samcheok from February to March 2016. Authors used SPSS, version 22.0, and AMOS, version 22.0, to analyze the survey results at a .05 significance level. To investigate demographic characteristics of the participants and their variations, descriptive analysis was used. The maximum likelihood estimate method was adopted to verify the fitness of the hypothetical model and the hypotheses therein. Authors used χ² statistics, goodness-of-fit index, adjusted goodness-of-fit index, comparative fit index, normed fit index, incremental fit index, root mean square residual, and root mean square error of approximation to verify the fitness of our structural model. RESULTS: (1) The proposed structural model demonstrated a fine fitness level. (2) The proposed structural model could describe the excessive use of a smartphone with 88.6% accuracy. (3) The absence of the family function and relationship between friends, impulsiveness, and low self-esteem were confirmed as key factors that cause an excessive use of smartphones. (4) Furthermore, impulsiveness and low self-esteem are closely related to the absence of family functions and relations between friends by 68.3% and 54.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Authors suggest that nursing intervention programs from various angles are required to reduce adolescents' excessive use of smartphones. For example, family communication programs would be helpful for both parents and children. Consultant programs about relationships with friends would also be helpful.
Adolescent ; Busan ; Child ; Consultants ; Friends ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Impulsive Behavior ; Likelihood Functions ; Methods ; Models, Structural ; Nursing ; Parents ; Self Concept ; Seoul ; Smartphone*

BACKGROUND: Many nursing university students were stressed during clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to identify the difference between stress of clinical practice and mental health according to behavioral styles in nursing university students.METHODS: The participants of this study were 233 junior and senior nursing students who had experienced clinical practice. Data were collected by self-report questionnaires in online from November 2017 to March 2018. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 25.0 using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients.RESULTS: The most frequent DISC behavior style of the subjects was conscientiousness (43.8%), follewed by steadiness (19.7%), influence (18.9%), and dominance (17.6%). The participants'scores for stress of clinical practice and mental health were 3.35±0.55 and 1.13±0.65. The stress of clinical practice of the subjects was different according to DISC behavior styles(F=2.86, p=.038). The results show that the higher the score of stress of clinical practice was the higher the score of mental health(r=.51, p < .001).CONCLUSION: This study found that the difference of DISC behavioral styles can be attributed to stress of clinical practice. Therefore, nursing intervention program considering with the subjects'DISC behavior styles needs to be developed to reduce their stress of clinical practice.
Humans ; Mental Health ; Nursing ; Students, Nursing

OBJECTIVES: Breast cancer has a high rate of recurrence, resulting in the need for aggressive treatment and close follow-up. However, previously established classification guidelines, based on expert panels or regression models, are controversial. Prediction models based on machine learning show excellent performance, but they are not widely used because they cannot explain their decisions and cannot be presented on paper in the way that knowledge is customarily represented in the clinical world. The principal objective of this study was to develop a nomogram based on a naïve Bayesian model for the prediction of breast cancer recurrence within 5 years after breast cancer surgery. METHODS: The nomogram can provide a visual explanation of the predicted probabilities on a sheet of paper. We used a data set from a Korean tertiary teaching hospital of 679 patients who had undergone breast cancer surgery between 1994 and 2002. Seven prognostic factors were selected as independent variables for the model. RESULTS: The accuracy was 80%, and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of the model was 0.81. CONCLUSIONS: The nomogram can be easily used in daily practice to aid physicians and patients in making appropriate treatment decisions after breast cancer surgery.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Classification ; Data Mining ; Dataset ; Decision Support Techniques ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Nomograms* ; Recurrence* ; ROC Curve ; Support Vector Machine ; Survival Analysis

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to describe health in optimal fitness (HOF) in young children born prematurely and to analyze factors affecting HOF in health status, investment resources, and anthropological values, based on HOF theory. METHODS: A case-control study of 76 children with preterm births (PTB) was conducted at 24 to 42 months of corrected age. Their HOF status was evaluated based on height, weight, head circumference, and the Korean-Bayley Scale of Infant Development-II and classified as either HOF-achieved or HOF-uncertain in the domain of growth, development, and all together. RESULTS: For growth, development, and all, 26.3%, 27.6%, and 47.4% of children, respectively, belonged to the HOF-uncertain group. Logistic regression analysis showed that longer length of hospital stay (≥21days; OR=7.8; 95% CI [1.5, 40.5]), worse scores on the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) (≥38; OR=0.1; 95% CI [0.0, 0.4]), having a working mother, (OR=5.7; 95% CI [1.2, 27.6]), and an older mother (≥35 years; OR=8.8; 95% CI [2.1, 37.3]) were statistically significant contributors of HOF-uncertain in the domain of all. CONCLUSION: Findings show that young children born prematurely with prolonged stays in a neonatal intensive care unit and insufficient socioeconomic resources at home are more likely to exhibit delayed growth and development.
Case-Control Studies ; Child* ; Growth and Development ; Head ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Investments ; Length of Stay ; Logistic Models ; Mothers ; Premature Birth

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test hypothetical model of quality of life (QOL) in breast cancer survivors and to test the mediating effects of cognitive dysfunction. METHODS: This study was conducted from December 1st, 2013 to February 28th, 2014. 164 breast cancer survivors were recruited from A, D, and Y city in Korea. The instruments used in this study were climacteric symptoms, fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and the QOL scales. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and pathway. RESULTS: Cognitive dysfunction was directly affected by climacteric symptoms and fatigue. QOL was directly affected by fatigue, However climacteric symptoms and cognitive dysfunction did not effect on QOL directly. Impact of climacteric symptoms on QOL, mediating effect of cognitive dysfunction was not confirmed. In addition, effect of fatigue on the QOL, the mediating effect of cognitive dysfunction was not. CONCLUSIONS: Effects of climacteric symptoms on QOL was not mediated by cognitive dysfunction, Furthermore effects of fatigue on QOL was not mediated by cognitive dysfunction.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Climacteric* ; Fatigue* ; Humans ; Korea ; Negotiating* ; Quality of Life* ; Survivors* ; Weights and Measures