Objective To investigate the risk factors for the formation of infectious stones among residents in western Fujian Province and construct a nomogram model for preoperative prediction of the risk of infectious stones. Methods Clinical data of 204 patients who received treatment for urinary tract stones at Longyan People′s Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen Medical University from October 2021 to November 2023 were analyzed. All patients underwent stone composition analysis. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to screen independent risk factors for infectious stones, construct a nomogram model for predicting the risk of infectious stones, and the discriminative power and accuracy of the model was evaluated. Results Based on the results of stone composition analysis, 204 patients were divided into infectious stone group(56 cases) and non-infectious stone group(148 cases). Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female (OR=2.602, 95%CI, 0.766 to 8.842, P=0.039), diabetes (OR=9.751, 95%CI, 2.547 to 17.332, P=0.001), long diameter of stones (OR=1.123, 95%CI, 1.046 to 4.207, P=0.031), moderate to severe hydronephrosis (OR=4.173, 95%CI, 1.256 to 13.865, P=0.020), high urine pH value (OR=6.078, 95%CI, 1.922 to 19.216, P=0.002), and positive urine culture (OR=6.060, 95%CI, 1.398 to 16.262, P=0.016) were independent risk factors for infectious stones. A nomogram model for predicting the risk of infectious stones was constructed based on independent risk factors. The area under the curve of this model for predicting infectious stones was 0.860, which was significantly larger than the area under the curve predicted by gender, diabetes, stone long diameter, degree of hydronephrosis, urine pH value, and urine culture results (P < 0.05). The model was validated by 1 000 internal resampling, with an average absolute error of 1.8%, indicating a high consistency between the predicted risk of infectious stones and the actual situation. Conclusion Female, diabetes, long diameter of stones, moderate to severe hydronephrosis, high urine pH value, and positive urine culture are independent risk factors for infectious stones among residents in western Fujian Province. The nomogram model constructed based on these factors can predict the risk of infectious stones preoperatively with high predictive efficiency.

Based on the biomechanical mechanism of human upper limb, the disadvantages of traditional rehabilitation training and the current status of upper limb rehabilitation robot, a six degree of freedom, flexible adjustment, wearable upper limb rehabilitation exoskeleton design scheme is proposed. Firstly, the mechanics of each joint of the upper limb is analyzed, and the virtual prototype design of the whole mechanical structure of the upper limb rehabilitation wearable exoskeleton is carried out by using CATIA three-dimensional software. The tooth transmission of the forearm and the upper arm single row four point contact ball bearing with internal/external rotation and the shoulder flexible passive adjustment mechanism (viscoelastic damper) are innovatively designed. Then, the joints of the upper limb rehabilitation exoskeleton are analyzed, theoretical analysis and calculation of the driving torque, the selection of the motor and gearbox of each driving joint are carried out. Finally, the whole finite element analysis of the upper limb exoskeleton is carried out. The research and experimental results showed that the design scheme of the upper limb exoskeleton assist structure is highly feasible, which can help the patients with upper limb paralysis and motor dysfunction self-rehabilitation.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Exoskeleton Device ; Humans ; Robotics ; Stroke Rehabilitation ; Torque ; Upper Extremity ; Wearable Electronic Devices

Objective:To explore the pattern of resting-state functional connectivity of bilateral amygdale in drug-naive obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:Forty patients with OCD matched the criteria of International Classification of Diseases-10 and 38 gender-, age-, education-matched healthy subjects participated in the resting-state brain functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, 17-Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the clinical symptoms of obsession, compulsion, depression and anxiety. Based on the Data Processing & Analysis for (Resting-State) Brain Imaging software, a voxel-based functional connectivity approach was used to explore the pattern of resting-state functional connectivity of bilateral amygdala in OCD; Pearson correlation analyses was used to analyze the relationship between the abnormal functional connectivity values and clinical symptoms in OCD.Results:Compared with the controls, patients with OCD showed decreased functional connectivity values between left amygdale and right dorsal anterior insula (0.16±0.13 vs. 0.27±0.13, t=-2.75, P<0.05, Gaussian random field (GRF) corrected, two-tailed), and between left amygdale and left ventral anterior cingulate cortex (0.09±0.12 vs. 0.19±0.13, t=-3.40, P<0.05, GRF corrected, two-tailed). The functional connectivity between left amygdale and right dorsal anterior insula was positively correlated with HAMA total score ( r=0.377, P=0.016, uncorrected). Conclusions:At resting-state, the functional connectivities of the emotional regulation network decreased in drug-naive patients with OCD. Decreased functional connection between left amygdale and right dorsal anterior insula may be associated with anxiety symptoms in patients with OCD.

Objective:To explore the pattern of resting-state functional connectivity of bilateral amygdale in drug-naive obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:Forty patients with OCD matched the criteria of International Classification of Diseases-10 and 38 gender-, age-, education-matched healthy subjects participated in the resting-state brain functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, 17-Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the clinical symptoms of obsession, compulsion, depression and anxiety. Based on the Data Processing & Analysis for (Resting-State) Brain Imaging software, a voxel-based functional connectivity approach was used to explore the pattern of resting-state functional connectivity of bilateral amygdala in OCD; Pearson correlation analyses was used to analyze the relationship between the abnormal functional connectivity values and clinical symptoms in OCD.Results:Compared with the controls, patients with OCD showed decreased functional connectivity values between left amygdale and right dorsal anterior insula (0.16±0.13 vs. 0.27±0.13, t=-2.75, P<0.05, Gaussian random field (GRF) corrected, two-tailed), and between left amygdale and left ventral anterior cingulate cortex (0.09±0.12 vs. 0.19±0.13, t=-3.40, P<0.05, GRF corrected, two-tailed). The functional connectivity between left amygdale and right dorsal anterior insula was positively correlated with HAMA total score ( r=0.377, P=0.016, uncorrected). Conclusions:At resting-state, the functional connectivities of the emotional regulation network decreased in drug-naive patients with OCD. Decreased functional connection between left amygdale and right dorsal anterior insula may be associated with anxiety symptoms in patients with OCD.

Weanlimg male rats fed on synthetic diet containing 1% succinylsulfa-thiazole and devoid of vitamin B12 and folic acid for 3-5 weeks, developed syndromes of the vitamins deficiency, i.e. poor food consumption, low growth rate, decrease in white cell count and marked increase in formimi-noglutamic acid excretion.Nevertheless, the others had an intake of vitamin B12 (0.02 ?g/day/-rat) and folic acid (0.5?g/day/rat) for a 36-day period, also showed signs of vitamins deficiency. But when given a daily dose of 0.1 ?g of vitamin B12 and 2.5 ug of folic acid, the rats had a good appetite and grew well, and excreted more formiminoglutamic acid than normal rats, when they were given a loading dose (0.05 g/rat) of histidine. Under the similar feed- ing condition, rat ingesting a daily dose of 0.3 ug of vitamin B12 and 7.5ug of folic acid, showed no obvious syndomes of the vitamins deficiency.After the rats were fed on the same diet and given with vitamin B12 (0.02 ug/day/rat) and folic acid (0.5ug/day/rat) for a 36-day period, the animals developed increased radiosensitivity. After total-body irradiation (700 rad), the food consumption, growth rate and survival rate in this group were lower than those in other groups ingesting individually 0.1 ug of vitamin B12 and 2.5 ug of folic acid or 0.3ug of vitamin B12 and 7.5 ug of folic acid daily.After irradiation, in the group of 0.02 ug of vitamin B12 and 0.5 ug of folic acid or 0.1 ug of vitamin B12 and 2.5 ug of folic acid in daily in-gestion there was a considerable increase in formiminoglutamic acid with a loading test of histidine(0.05 g/rat) than before. The results showed that the radiation intensified vitamins deficiency in rats.

Three patients of chronic radiation disease having typical clinical symptoms were selected as experimental subjects. They took high-protein diet containing 1586-1669 kcal, 75.4-77.2g protein, 162.4-183.0g carbohydrate and 69.7-69.8g fat. Apparent digestibilities of protein, carbohydrate and fat in the diet were estimated as 85.9-87.3, 98.8-99.3 and 94.7-96.1% respectively. Nitrogen balances of three patients were -0.90, -0.31 and -0.01g per day. During that period, patients' body weight dropped 0.5-1.5kg.Afterward two patients received the diet therapy of a high-protein high-calorie diet specially prepared and given at six meals instead of four meals per day. The daily intakes of protein, fat, carbohydrate and calories were increased to 97.2g, 94g, 308-312g and 2467-2483 kcal respectively. The digestibility of protein in the therapeutic diet was slightly higher than that in hospital diet, but those of carbohydrate and fat did not change obviously. The nutritional status of two patients became better as shown by that the nitrogen balance turned positive ( + 2.37 and +2.93g per day) and the body weight increased.

Sixty male rats divided into the control and the gelatin group were fed with 20% protein synthetic diet. The diet for the former group contained 24% casein, whereas for the latter 11% gelatin and 12% casein. , Having been fed for some days, all rats were irradiated with 875 rad (LD85-90). The main results were summarized as follows;1. The gelatin group had higher survival rate than the control group. 2. The body weight of gelatin group was less declined than that of control group and then much restored than the latter. 3. The survival time of dying rats within 14 days following the exposure to 875 rad in gelatin group was more longer than that in control group. 4. The gelatin group had less biological lesions than the control group.It was suggested that the gelatin diet had distinctly prophylactic-therapeutic action on acute radiation damage and its mechanism was probably related to the prevention from disturbance of collagen metabolism.

Studies on nitrogen metabolism in rats and dogs during acute radiation damage were made, the main results being shown as follows:1. Rats given 630 r whole body radiation showed marked decrease of food intake, but their body weight losses exceeded substantially those of non-radiated rats in pair feeding group. As compared with the latter, the former had more excretion of urinary nitrogem and negative nitrogen balance in the 1st and 2nd day following the exposure of X-ray.2. Four adult male dogs were selected as experimental animals. After irradiation of 430 r,the daily intake of protein and calories were decreased and correspondingly the excretion of total nitrogen,urea nitrogen and amino nitrogen became increased, especially in the 1st and 2nd day.3. Three groups of dogs were fed to low, moderate and high protein diet respectively. Their nitrogen balance were different but normal, however, after irradiation of 400 r the nitrogen balances in the low protein diet group became negative whereas that in the moderate or high protein diet group in general was slightly positive.