Paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury is a serious neurological complication, for which surgery is currently the main treatment method. Due to different surgical approaches, patients are usually expected to maintain a passive prone position for a long time or switch between the supine and prone positions. Affected by multiple factors such as neurogenic sensory disorders, pathological changes in muscle tone and operative duration, the risk of intraoperative acquired pressure injury (IAPI) is significantly increased. Current clinical prevention strategies for IAPI in these patients predominantly focus on localized pressure relief during positioning, lacking systematic, standardized comprehensive prevention protocols or evidence-based guidelines. To address it, Department of Nursing, Orthopedics Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, Spinal Trauma Professional Committee, Orthopedics Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Nursing Group of Spine and Spinal Cord Professional Committee of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine organized experts in relevant fields to formulate Guideline for the prevention of intraoperative acquired pressure injury in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medical evidence and latest research results and clinical practice at home and abroad. Eleven recommendations were put forward from the aspects of preoperative risk assessment, intraoperative prevention strategies, postoperative handover and monitoring, and supportive mechanisms for IAPI prevention, aiming to standardize the prevention measures and management strategies of IAPI in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury and accelerate the recovery of patients and improve the therapeutic effect.

Paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury is a serious neurological complication, for which surgery is currently the main treatment method. Due to different surgical approaches, patients are usually expected to maintain a passive prone position for a long time or switch between the supine and prone positions. Affected by multiple factors such as neurogenic sensory disorders, pathological changes in muscle tone and operative duration, the risk of intraoperative acquired pressure injury (IAPI) is significantly increased. Current clinical prevention strategies for IAPI in these patients predominantly focus on localized pressure relief during positioning, lacking systematic, standardized comprehensive prevention protocols or evidence-based guidelines. To address it, Department of Nursing, Orthopedics Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, Spinal Trauma Professional Committee, Orthopedics Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Nursing Group of Spine and Spinal Cord Professional Committee of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine organized experts in relevant fields to formulate Guideline for the prevention of intraoperative acquired pressure injury in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medical evidence and latest research results and clinical practice at home and abroad. Eleven recommendations were put forward from the aspects of preoperative risk assessment, intraoperative prevention strategies, postoperative handover and monitoring, and supportive mechanisms for IAPI prevention, aiming to standardize the prevention measures and management strategies of IAPI in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury and accelerate the recovery of patients and improve the therapeutic effect.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the norms of Sub-Health Measurement Scale (SHMS V1.0) for Chinese urban residents. METHODS: Using a multistage stratified sampling method, we conducted a large-scale epidemiological investigation among 15 066 urban residents sampled from 6 regions in China, including Tianjin City (north China), Guangdong Province (south China), Anhui Province (central south China), Sichuan Province (southwest China), Lanzhou City (northwest China) and Harbin City (northeast China). The mean, percentile and threshold norms were established based on the characteristics of SHMS V1.0 scores for Chinese urban residents. RESULTS: The mean and percentile norms of total, physical, mental and social sub-health of Chinese urban residents were established according to gender and different age groups (14-19, 20-29, 30-49, 50-64 and ≥65 years). The threshold norms of SHMS V1.0 divided 5 health states, namely disease, severe sub-health, moderate subhealth, mild sub-health and healthy states according to the ± and ±0.5 of the converted scores. CONCLUSIONS The norms of Sub-Health Measurement Scale (SHMS V1.0) for Chinese urban residents were established, which provides a reference for rapid screening and diagnosis of sub-health status in Chinese urban residents and facilitates further study of the prevalence and contributing factors of sub-health.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; Health Status ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Health ; Urban Population

OBJECTIVE: To explore the direct relationship between personality (PN) and sub-health status (SHS) and their indirect association mediated by frustration quotient (FQ) and stress event (SE). METHODS: A multiple-stage stratified sampling method was used to choose the participants, and a total of 4517 eligible urban residents were selected.ANCOVA was used to analyze the independent association between personality and SHS after adjusting the demographic characteristics and lifestyle.A structural equation model was used to analyze the associations among personality, FQ, SE and SHS.Bootstrap method was used to test the direct and indirect association between personality and SHS. RESULTS: Personality was independently associated with total sub-health (=75.913, < 0.001), physical sub-health (=23.618, < 0.001), mental sub-health (=101.993, < 0.001) and social sub-health (=48.757, < 0.001).The urban residents with the personalities characterized by anger suppression, anxiety and irritability, and impatience and competitiveness had significantly lower health scores than those with a mature and steady personality ( < 0.05).Personality was associated with FQ and SE, and the indirect association between personality and physical sub-health was mainly mediated by FQ and SE (β=-0.110).Personality showed more a direct association (β=-0.172) with mental sub-health and a slightly less indirect association (β=-0.126) with mental sub-health.Personality showed a more indirect association (β=-0.113) with social SHS and slightly less direct association (β=-0.082) with social sub-health. CONCLUSIONS A mature and steady personality may help to promote the general health level, while the personalities of anger suppression, anxiety and irritability, impatience and competitiveness can be associated with the occurrence of sub-health.Building a mature and steady personality has positive effects on the health in general of an individual.
Adolescent ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Health Status ; Humans ; Life Style ; Personality

[Objective] In order to provide a basis for treatment,the article discussed the meaning of Nourishing Spleen Theory and its relationship with clinical liver disease.[Methods]Reviewing the ancient Chinese literature,the paper discussed the Nourishing Spleen Theory from the origin and practice of ancient physicians.By studying the physiological and symptoms,the author discussed the relationship between the liver and traditional spleen,and found the principles of nourishing spleen for treating liver diseases.[Results] Originated in (Huangdi Neijing),the Nourishing Spleen Theory is known as superior,and has a long history.The liver of modern medicine is one of the important contents of traditional Chinese "spleen".There is full theoretical and practical basis in treatment of liver disease by nourishing spleen.And the treatment including replenishing qi,promoting digestion,draining water,activating blood.[Conclusion] Nourishing spleen is an important method for the treatment of liver disease,and it is expected to achieve a good effect in clinic.

The first metatarsophalangeal joint bending plays an important role in the foot movement. However, the existing researches mainly focused on the movement scope of the joint and the clinical treatments of related foot diseases. In order to investigate the effects of the first metatarsophalangeal joint bending on human walking gait stability, the present researchers recruited 6 healthy young men to perform the first metatarsophalangeal joint constraint (FMJC) and barefoot (BF) walking tests. Data of the temporal and spatial parameters, the joint angles of lower limbs, the ground reaction forces (GRF) and utilized coefficients of friction (UCOF) were collected and analyzed. The results showed that, since hip and knee could produce compensation motions, the FMJC had no significant effects on waking gait, but the slip and fall probability increased significantly.
Friction ; Gait ; Humans ; Male ; Metatarsophalangeal Joint ; physiology ; Walking

Objective To establish a method for quality control of Arnebia euchroma inZizhu Ointment.Methods The TLC was used to make qualitative identification to Arnebia euchroma in Zizhu Ointment. The content of shikonin was targeted as the evaluation index and the method of orthogonal design was used to optimize the extraction of shikonin. UV-visible spectrophotometry was used for the determination of shikonin.Results Main spots of TLC were clear, and negative control had no interference. The optimum extraction of shikonin was extracted for three times, 30 min for each time, NaOH volume fraction of 1%, NaOH amount of 50 mL. The absorbance of shikonin showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.010 2-0.035 7 mg (r2=0.999 7), and the average recovery was 103.27%, RSD=4.17%.Conclusion This method was simple and feasible, and can be used for the quality control and the evaluation ofZizhu Ointment.

Objective To establish an HPLC method to simultaneously determine the contents of shikonin andβ,β'-dimethylacrylshikonin inZizhu Ointment.Methods The contents of shikonin andβ,β'-dimethylacrylshikonin inZizhu Ointment were determined by HPLC. The chromatographic conditions were Welch Materials XB-C18 Column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 18.5μm), with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water-formic acid (75:25:0.05), detection wavelength of 516 nm, temperature of 30℃, flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and the load of 20μL.Results Shikonin showed a good linearity in the range of 0.025 6-0.256μg (r2=0.999 5), and the average recovery rate was 98.12% (RSD=1.92%).β,β'-dimethylacrylshikonin showed a good linearity in the range of 0.174 4-2.616μg (r2=0.999 2), and the average recovery rate was 100.46% (RSD=1.17%).Conclusion This method is simple and accurate, which can be used for the quality control and evaluation of Zizhu Ointment.

Objective To evaluate the effect of health belief model combined with PDCA circulation in preventing DVT of patients undergoing total hip replacement and total knee replacement.Methods Patients who met our inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group with 45 cases in each group.The patients in the control group received routine health education.In addition,the intervention group received health education based on health belief model combined with PDCA circulation besides the routine.The intervention results were compared between the two groups.Results The patients' mastery of DVT disease related knowledge,health belief and the implementation of preventive measures in the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group one week after surgery.The score of the health belief,perceived susceptibility,perceived severity,perceived benefits of action and serf-efficacy in the intervention group were significantly superior to those of the control group.1 patient appeared blood stasis in the intervention group.However,in the control group,there were 2 patients with DVT and 6 patients with blood stasis.The effect of preventive measures in the intervention group was better than the control group.Conclusions Health education based on health belief model combined with PDCA circulation could effectively enhanced the patients' DVT disease related knowledge,health belief and the implementation of preventive measures,thereby reduce the risk of DVT and improve the patients' quality of life.

Objective To measure osteoporosis knowledge,belief and self-efficacy of elderly patients with vertebral fracture,and to provide the basis for reducing the incidence of refracture.Methods Totally 72 patients were recruited from an upper first-class hospital in suzhou by using the convenience sampling method.They were measured with the self-designed general information questionnaire,Osteoporosis Knowledge Tests (OKT),Osteopomsis Health Belief scale (OHBS) and Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale (OSES).Results The total score of knowledge was (1 1.06±6.71),the factor scores of risk factors,exercise and calcium intake were(4.13±2.82),(2.90±2.54),(4.04±2.54).The average score of OHBS was (141.82± 13.00).The total score of self-efficacy was (79.49±35.15).Conclusions Health education for elderly patients with vertebral fractures needs to be improved,and to reduce the occurrence of refracture according to different groups of targeted education.