Objective: To evaluate the effects of antiretrovirals on cardiovascular function and some biochemical indexes in gestational female rats. Methods: Nineteen 9-week-old female and six 10-week-old male SD rats were divided into normal control group (CON) and highly active antiretroviral therapy group (HARRT), 9/10 female rats and 3 male rats were combined into one cage, totally 2 cages. Female rats in CON group were intragastrically given with normal saline (NS, 10 ml/kg) every morning and evening, while female rats in HARRT group were treated with equal volume antiretrovirals (AZT 31.25 mg/kg + 3TC 15.63 mg/kg + LPV/r (41.67/10.42) mg/kg) for 3 months. The body weight and survival rate of female rats were recorded. Echocardiography and multichannel physiological recorder were used to detect arterial blood pressure and cardiac hemodynamic parameters. The levels of blood glucose, blood lipids, myocardial enzymes and liver enzymes were detected by corresponding kits. Myocardial collagen fibers were observed by Masson staining and the ultrastructure of myocardial cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Results: All female rats in CON group survived (9/9), while only 6 rats in HARRT group survived (6/10). Compared with CON group, the body weight of female rats in HAART group was decreased significantly(P＜0.01); the levels of left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVDd), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), thickness of left ventricular posterior wall (LVPWT) , left atrial diameter (LAD) and arterial diastolic pressure were increased significantly (P＜0.05); the level of LVP+dP/dtmax was decreased (P＜0.01). The levels of triglyceride, creatine kinase, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase were decreased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01), while the level of glucose was increased (P＜0.05). The collagen fibers were increased in myocardial tissue, and ultrastructure of myocardial cells was abnormal. Conclusion: Antiretrovirals during gestation can cause cardiovascular diseases in female rats.
Animals ; Anti-Retroviral Agents/adverse effects* ; Body Weight ; Cardiotoxicity ; Collagen ; Female ; Myocytes, Cardiac/ultrastructure* ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the outcomes of the children suffered from philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph METHODS: 21 cases of firstly diagnosed Ph RESULTS: Among 21 patients, 17 were male and 4 were female with a median age of 8 years old (range, 4-12 years), the median follow-up time was 30 moths (range, 10-133 months). All the patients were treated with chemotherapy induced by the high-risk project of CCLG-ALL 2008. Among 14 patients treated with TKI plus chemotherapy, nine patients achieved complete remission. During 3 months after treatment, patients without complete molecular response or with the second complete remission and intensity desire of transplantation were treated with allo-HSCT, among 9 patients with allo-HSCT, six patients achieved long term survival. CONCLUSION At TKI era, TKI combined with strong chemotherapy can make Ph
Aged ; Child ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Philadelphia Chromosome ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/therapy* ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Retrospective Studies

The "Medium and Long-term Plan for the Prevention and Control of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases in Shanghai (2018-2030)" was officially released in August 2018.From the perspective of public health, this paper analyzes the background of the plan from the epidemic situation, response and challenges Shanghai City is facing, expounds the comprehensive prevention and control system of chronic diseases including four functional systems, and explains the key preventive and control measures on the different stages of chronic diseases, comparing the evaluation indicators with those of the national plan.This paper will help to better understand the new blueprint for the prevention and control of chronic diseases in Shanghai in the next ten years.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the consistency between FCM and PCR on the detecting of MRD in TCF3-PBX1 METHODS: 55 cases of paediatric TCF3-PBX1 RESULTS: Among the 55 children with TCF3-PBX1 CONCLUSION The detection result of MRD in TCF3-PBX1 detect by FCM and PCR shows better consistency. MRD positivity detected by FCM at the end of induction therapy (day 33) predicts a high risk of relapse in TCF3-PBX1 ALL patients.
Adolescent ; Bone Marrow ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Prognosis ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVE: To study the long-term clinical effect of the CCLG-ALL2008 regimen in the treatment of children newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with different molecular biological features. METHODS: A total of 940 children who were newly diagnosed with ALL were enrolled in this study. The children were treated with the CCLG-ALL2008 regimen. A retrospective analysis was performed for the long-term outcome of ALL children with different molecular biological features. RESULTS: Among the 940 children with ALL, there were 570 boys and 370 girls, with a median age of onset of 5 years (range 1-15 years) and a median follow-up time of 65 months (range 3-123 months). The complete response (CR) rate was 96.7%, the predicted 10-year overall survival (OS) rate was 76.5%±1.5%, and the event-free survival (EFS) rate was 62.6%±3.0%. After CR was achieved after treatment, the overall recurrence rate was 21.9%. The children with positive ETV6-RUNX1 had the lowest recurrence rate and were prone to late recurrence, and those with positive MLL rearrangement had the highest recurrence rate and were prone to early recurrence. The children with positive ETV6-RUNX1 had a significantly higher predicted 10-year OS rate than those with positive TCF3-PBX1, BCR-ABL, or MLL rearrangement and those without molecular biological features (P<0.05). The children with positive ETV6-RUNX1 had a significantly higher predicted 10-year EFS rate than those with positive BCR-ABL or MLL rearrangement (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Molecular biological features may affect the long-term prognosis of children with ALL, and positive MLL rearrangement and BCR-ABL fusion gene are indicators of poor prognosis. Children with positive ETV6-RUNX1 fusion gene have the highest long-term survival rate.
Adolescent ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To study the association of platelet level at diagnosis with prognosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). METHODS: A total of 892 children with ALL who underwent chemotherapy with the CCLG-ALL 2008 regimen were enrolled. According to the platelet count at diagnosis, these children were divided into normal platelet count group (platelet count ≥100×109/L; n=263) and thrombocytopenia group (platelet count <100×10/L; n=629). The thrombocytopenia group was further divided into (50- <100)×10/L (n=243), (20- <50)×10/L (n=263), and <20×10/L (n=123) subgroups. The association of clinical features (sex, age, immunophenotype, and molecular biology) with event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with the thrombocytopenia group, the normal platelet count group had significantly lower positive rate of MLL gene rearrangement and recurrence rate (P<0.05), as well as a significantly higher 10-year EFS rate (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in 10-year OS between the two groups (P>0.05). The normal platelet count group still had a significantly higher 10-year EFS rate than the thrombocytopenia group after the children with MLL gene rearrangement were excluded (P<0.05), and there was still no significant difference in 10-year OS between the two groups (P>0.05). The <20×10/L subgroup had significantly lower 10-year EFS and OS rates than the normal platelet count group, the (50- <100)×10/L subgroup, and the (20- <50)×10/L subgroup (P<0.05). After the children with MLL gene rearrangement were excluded, the <20×10/L subgroup still had significantly lower 10-year EFS and OS rates than the normal platelet count group, the (50-<100)×10/L subgroup, and the (20- <50)×10/L subgroup (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS ALL children with MLL gene rearrangement often have the clinical manifestation of thrombocytopenia. Platelet level at diagnosis is associated with the prognosis of ALL children. The children with normal platelet count have a low recurrence rate and good prognosis, and those with a platelet count of <20×10/L have the worst prognosis.
Child ; Disease-Free Survival ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Prognosis ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the complications and clinical outcome of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) undergoing mitoxantrone-cytarabine-etoposide (MAE) induction therapy. METHODS: A total of 170 children with AML were given MAE induction therapy, and the complications and remission rate were analyzed after treatment. RESULTS: The male/female ratio was 1.33:1 and the mean age was 7.4 years (range 1-15 years). Leukocyte count at diagnosis was 29.52×10/L [range (0.77-351)×10/L]. Of all children, 2 had M0-AML, 24 had M2-AML, 2 had M4-AML, 48 had M5-AML, 3 had M6-AML, 7 had M7-AML, 69 had AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22), and 15 had AML with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22). The most common complication was infection (158/170, 92.9%). Among these 158 patients, 22 (13.9%) had agranulocytosis with pyrexia (with no definite focus of infection), and 136 (86.1%) had definite focus of infection (including bloodstream infection). Other complications included non-infectious diarrhea, bleeding, and drug-induced hepatitis. Treatment-related mortality was observed in 10 children, among whom 8 had severe infection, 1 had multiple organ failure, and 1 had respiratory failure. Remission rate was evaluated for 156 children and the results showed a complete remission rate of 85.3%, a partial remission rate of 4.5%, and a non-remission rate of 10.3%. CONCLUSIONS Induction therapy with the MAE regimen helps to achieve a good remission rate in children with AML after one course of treatment. Infection is the main complication and a major cause of treatment-related mortality.
Adolescent ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytarabine ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Etoposide ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; Male ; Mitoxantrone ; Remission Induction

Child ; Correlation of Data ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Prognosis

Objective To study the effect of electronic daily assessment on the application of standardized training for residents of anesthesiology department. Methods Compared the feedback rate of the previous paper evaluation form and the electronic daily evaluation submission,and summarized the results of the daily evaluation of residents of different grades and different sources through the electronic system. Results The feedback rate of the paper form and the electronic for was 59.5% and 96.7% separately. Comparing the scores of different grads, the total score and sub option scores gradually increased from grade one to grade three. The lowest score of sub options in all grades were anesthetic plan/crisis management scores. The worst overall rating(performance worse than expected)happened in the second-year residents. The best overall rating(performance better than expected) happened in the third-year resident. The residents form other hospitals had higher scores than PUMCH(Peking Union Medical Col-lege Hospital)'s residents and graduate students except for the score of theoretical knowledge. The PUMCH's resi-dents got lower score in overall rating.The teaching staff rescheduled and modified the training program according to the educational defect,so as to individualize resident training. Conclusions The daily electronic assessment helps to monitor daily performance of residents in a timely and comprehensive manner, so to adjust teaching methods, and contributes to conduct formative evaluation,which has a positive impact on improving teaching effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical effect of Sanhuang Tang in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome(P-COS)of phlegm dampness heat accumulation type.METHODS Sixty-five PCOS patients of phlegm dampness heat accumula-tion type were randomly divided into the Chinese medicine plus group and the western medicine control group.Both group were taking metformin orally,on the basis of this the Chinese medicine group was also taking Sanhuang Tang granules orally.The clinical effect was observed for three months.Clinical symptoms,sex hormone levels,body mass and insulin resistance meta-bolic indexes were analyzed before and after the treatment.RESULTS The improvements of clinical symptoms,sex hormone levels,body mass and insulin resistance indexes in the Chinese medicine plus group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05～0.01).CONCLUSIONS The clinical effect of Sanhuang Tang plus group is better than that of the western medi-cine alone control group.