Objective: To prepare the erythrocyte-liposome drug delivery system to enhance the therapeutic effect of drugs on tumors and inhibit tumor metastasis. Methods: This study prepared and characterized paclitaxel (PTX)-plerixafor (AMD3100) liposomes (Lips), developed the erythrocyte-liposome drug delivery system, and evaluated its targeting efficiency and therapeutic efficacy through a series of in vitro cellular and in vivo animal experiments. Results: The particle size of PTX-AMD-Lips was (186.4±0.83) nm. Drug encapsulation efficiency of PTX-AMD-Lips was (75.50±5.27)% for PTX and (88.31±2.45)% for AMD. The Binding efficiency between RBC and liposomes in the drug delivery system was (69.93±2.55)%. Vitro cellular experiments revealed that PTX-AMD-Lips significantly inhibited tumor cell migration. In vivo animal experiments, the erythrocyte-liposome drug delivery system significantly increased drug accumulation in the lungs. At the experimental endpoint, the quantitative fluorescence signal of tumor size measured (4.04±0.44)×10 for the PTX-Lips group, and (5.14±3.40)×10 for the RBC-PTX-AMD-Lips group. Conclusion: The erythrocyte-liposome drug delivery system could enhance the lung-specific targeting capability of liposomes, kill tumor cells and suppress further metastasis effectively.

Objective: To enhance the recognition of necrotizing sialometaplasia (NS) by elucidating its clinical, pathological characteristics and key diagnostic points, providing a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods: This study has been reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee, and informed consent has been obtained from patients. Review the data of a patient with NS occurring at the junction of the right soft and hard palate, and comprehensively analyze its diagnostic process based on its clinical manifestations, imaging, and histopathological examination results. And review the relevant literature on the disease. Results: This study describes a 24-year-old male patient with a documented betel nut habit (2 pieces/day for >6 months), who presented with a bone-deep, irregular crateriform ulcer (3 mm × 6 mm × 5 mm) localized to the right hard-soft palate junction. Spiral CT showed a local soft tissue defect with no apparent underlying bone destruction. Histopathology demonstrated chronic inflammation of the mucosal and minor salivary gland tissues, with no evidence of malignancy. A final diagnosis of NS was established. The ulcer healed completely three weeks after initiation of local anti-inflammatory therapy. A literature review indicates that NS is a rare, benign salivary gland disorder, typically occurring at the hard-soft palate junction in middle-aged men (40-60 years). Its etiology remains unclear, but it is widely attributed to salivary lobe infarction following mechanical trauma-induced ischemia. Due to its clinical resemblance to malignancy, it is often misdiagnosed. Treatment entails local anti-inflammatory measures and meticulous wound care aimed at promoting mucosal healing. Conclusion NS is a self-limiting, benign condition that poses a significant diagnostic challenge due to its close clinical simulation of malignancy. Thus, accurate diagnosis requires a combined assessment of clinical presentation, radiological features, and pathological findings. Treatment is predicated based on a conservative strategy with an emphasis on symptomatic management.

BACKGROUND:Polylactic acid(PLA)has good biocompatibility and a controllable degradation rate and is currently widely used in biomedical engineering.However,PLA has shortcomings such as low mechanical strength and insufficient biological activity,which limits its further application in bone tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE:To construct polylactic acid/polydopamine/tantalum(PLA/PDA/Ta)bone tissue engineering scaffolds,and explore their biosafety and in vitro osteogenesis. METHODS:A PLA scaffold with a porous structure was prepared through liquid crystal display light-curing technology.PLA/PDA scaffolds and PLA/PDA/Ta scaffolds were prepared by soaking PLA scaffolds in dopamine solution and dopamine-tantalum nanoparticle solution,respectively.The microstructure and water contact angle of scaffolds were characterized.MC3T3-E1 cells were co-cultured with PLA,PLA/PDA,and PLA/PDA/Ta scaffolds,respectively,and CCK-8 assay and live/dead cell staining were performed.After osteogenic differentiation,alkaline phosphatase,alizarin red staining,and osteogenic gene detection were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The scanning electron microscope results exhibited that the three kinds of prepared scaffolds had an interconnected porous three-dimensional structure,and the average pore diameter was 200 μm.The water contact angle of PLA/PDA/Ta scaffolds was lower than that of PLA and PLA/PDA scaffolds(P<0.05).(2)CCK-8 assay showed that compared with PLA and PLA/PDA scaffolds,PLA/PDA/Ta scaffolds could promote cell proliferation(P<0.05).Live/dead cell staining showed good cell proliferation in the three groups.(3)Alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining showed that compared with PLA and PLA/PDA scaffolds,PLA/PDA/Ta scaffolds could promote the expression of alkaline phosphatase and the formation of mineralized nodules.RT-qPCR showed that compared with PLA and PLA/PDA scaffolds,PLA/PDA/Ta scaffolds could enhance the mRNA expression of cell bone morphogenetic protein,Runx-2,and type I collagen(P<0.05,P<0.01).(4)The results showed that the PLA/PDA/Ta scaffold had excellent osteogenic activity and the ability to promote cell proliferation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effects of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) combined regimens for hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients in Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province from 2022 to 2024, to analyze the characteristics of treatment failure patients, so as to provide a basis for discovering more effective treatment regimens in the future. MethodsData on HCV prevention and treatment in Dehong Prefecture was extracted from the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System. A total of 617 patients with HCV antiviral therapy were included, and the differences in variable characteristics among patients with different genotypes were analyzed using comparative statistical tests, including basic socio-demographic characteristics, biochemical testing indicators, and information on previous treatment and current treatment. In addition, the cure rate of HCV patients with diverse characteristics was compared, and the potential causes of treatment failure were explored simultaneously. ResultsThe cure rate of HCV was 96.8%, and statistically significant differences were observed in aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, previous antiviral therapy history and initial treatment regimens among patients with different HCV genotypes (all P<0.05). Among the multi-type combination regimens, the cure rate of sofosbuvir (SOF)-containing regimens was 97.00%, that of velpatasvir (VEL)-containing regimens was 95.45%, and the cure rate of other treatment regimens, including the regimens with ribavirin (RIB) intervention, was 93.10%. Among the patients with treatment failure, 45.00% had genotype 3, 40.00% had abnormal abdominal ultrasound results, and all presented with elevated baseline AST test levels. ConclusionThe clinical treatment of HCV patients should consider the differences in genotype and biochemical test results. DAAs combined regimens for HCV have achieved a high cure rate in Dehong Prefecture and are applicable to HCV patients with diverse clinical characteristics, providing research evidence for wider application.

BACKGROUND: The available evidence regarding the benefits of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on patients receiving dialysis with coronary artery disease (CAD) is limited and inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the association between PCI and clinical outcomes as compared with medical therapy alone in patients undergoing dialysis with CAD in China. METHODS: This multicenter, retrospective study was conducted in 30 tertiary medical centers across 12 provinces in China from January 2015 to June 2021 to include patients on dialysis with CAD. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. Secondary outcomes included all-cause death, the individual components of MACE, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium criteria types 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between PCI and outcomes. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to account for potential between-group differences. RESULTS: Of the 1146 patients on dialysis with significant CAD, 821 (71.6%) underwent PCI. After a median follow-up of 23.0 months, PCI was associated with a 43.0% significantly lower risk for MACE (33.9% [ n  = 278] vs . 43.7% [ n  = 142]; adjusted hazards ratio 0.57, 95% confidence interval 0.45-0.71), along with a slightly increased risk for bleeding outcomes that did not reach statistical significance (11.1% vs . 8.3%; adjusted hazards ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval, 0.82-2.11). Furthermore, PCI was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities. Subgroup analysis did not modify the association of PCI with patient outcomes. These primary findings were consistent across IPTW, PSM, and competing risk analyses. CONCLUSION This study indicated that PCI in patients on dialysis with CAD was significantly associated with lower MACE and mortality when comparing with those with medical therapy alone, albeit with a slightly increased risk for bleeding events that did not reach statistical significance.
Humans ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Renal Dialysis/methods* ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; China ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Treatment Outcome

The efficacy mechanism of the alcoholic extract of Gnaphalium affine was investigated by observing its influence on oxidative stress and intestinal flora in rats modeled for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). UPLC-MS was used to evaluate the quality of the alcoholic extract of G. affine, and 72 rats were randomly divided into six groups, with COPD models established in five groups by cigarette smoke combined with airway drip lipopolysaccharide, and the rats were given the positive drug of Danlong Oral Solution, as well as low-, medium-, and high-doses alcoholic extract of G. affine, respectively. After two weeks of continuous gastric gavage, the body weights and general morphology observations were performed; HE staining and Masson staining were used to verify the effects of the alcoholic extract of G. affine on alveolar inflammation and collagen deposition area in COPD rats; the oxidative stress indexes CAT and GSH in serum and SOD and MDA in lung tissue of the rats were measured, and the mRNA expression of HO-1, Nrf2, and NQO1 were determined by qRT-PCR. The protein expressions of HO-1, Nrf2, and NQO1 were determined by the Western blot method, and the mechanism by which the alcoholic extract of G. affine affected oxidative stress in COPD rats was explored. Finally, the influence of G. affine on the changes in intestinal flora caused by COPD was studied by 16S rRNA sequencing. The results showed that a total of 121 chemical components were identified by UPLC-MS, including 70 positive and 51 negative ion modes. In animal experiments, it was found that the alcoholic extracts of G. affine were able to reduce the percentage of collagen deposition, affect the oxidative stress indexes such as CAT, GSH, SOD, MDA, as well as the mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1. The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed an increase in the level of Lactobacillales and a decrease in the level of Desulfovibrio and Desulfovibrionales, suggesting that the alcoholic extracts of G. affine could reverse the changes in intestinal flora caused by COPD. In conclusion, the alcoholic extracts of G. affine may exert anti-COPD effects by affecting the oxidative stress pathway and modulating the changes in intestinal flora.
Animals ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/genetics* ; Rats ; Male ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism* ; Humans ; Lung/metabolism*

Osteoporotic fractures(OPF) refer to the fractures caused by minor violence in the state of osteoporosis, seriously threatening the life and health of elderly patients. Drug and surgical therapies have limitations such as single targets, diverse adverse reactions, and poor prognosis. Kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has good potential in the treatment of OPF. TCM can promote the healing of OPF by promoting angiogenesis in the early stage of bone healing, promoting osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the stage of bone repair, maintaining the balance of osteogenic and osteoclastic system in the stage of bone remodeling, and regulating the oxidative stress responses throughout the process of OPF healing. TCM can alleviate the pathological state of osteoporosis and promote fracture healing in OPF patients via multiple pathways and targets, demonstrating the advantages and potential of biphasic regulation.
Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Osteoporotic Fractures/metabolism* ; Animals ; Fracture Healing/drug effects* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Kidney/metabolism* ; Osteogenesis/drug effects*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of modified high tibial osteotomy combined with platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of moderate to severe knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: From January 2021 to March 2022, the clinical data of 60 patients with moderate to severe knee osteoarthritis admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were analyzed. Among them, 30 patients were treated with modified tibia high osteotomy combined with platelet-rich plasma as the observation group, including 12 males and 18 females, aged from 51 to 74 years old, with an average age of (64.37±5.72) years old. The course of disease ranged from 1 to 7 years with an average of(3.43±1.41) years. Thirty patients were treated with modified high tibial osteotomy combined with sodium hyaluronate as control group, including 10 males and 20 females, aged from 50 to 78 years, with an average age of (64.33±8.18) years. The course of disease was 1 to 7 years with an average of(3.30±1.39) years. Knee X-rays were taken before surgery and at the last follow-up, and the changes of lower limb bearing-line ratio (WBLR), proximal medial tibial Angle (MPTA), femoro-tibial angle (FTA) and posterior tibial slope (PTS) were compared between the two times. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Lysholm score were used to evaluate knee pain and functional changes before surgery and at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: The wounds of all patients healed in stage I after surgery. All 60 patients completed treatment and follow-up, with an average follow-up duration of (8.08±1.75) months, ranged from 6 to 12 months. No serious adverse events or complications occurred. At the last follow-up, WBLR, MPTA and FTA were significantly improved in both groups (P<0.05). At the last follow-up, there was no significant difference in PTS between the two groups compared with pre-operation(P>0.05). At the last follow-up, there were no significant differences in WBLR, MPTA, FTA and PTS between the observation group and the control group (P>0.05). The VAS scores, WOMAC scores and Lysholm scores of both groups were significantly Modified with time after operation (P<0.05). At 1, 3 and 6 months after operation, VAS score, WOMAC score and Lysholm score of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSION For patients with moderate and severe knee osteoarthritis, modified high tibial osteotomy can significantly correct lower limb alignment, and combined with platelet-rich plasma therapy can further significantly relieve knee pain and improve knee function, the effect is better than combined with sodium hyaluronate.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/physiopathology* ; Middle Aged ; Osteotomy/methods* ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Aged ; Tibia/surgery*

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia in the elderly. This study aimed to evaluate urban-rural disparities in its prevalence and management in elderly Chinese. METHODS: Consecutive participants aged ≥ 65 years attending outpatient clinics were enrolled for AF screening using handheld single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) from April 2017 to December 2022. Each ECG rhythm strip was reviewed from the research team. AF or uninterpretable single-lead ECGs were referred for 12-lead ECG. Primary study outcome comparison was between rural and urban areas for the prevalence of AF. The Student's t-test was used to compare mean values of clinical characteristics between rural and urban participants, while the Pearson's chi-square test was used to compare between-group proportions. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the association between AF and various patient characteristics. RESULTS: The 29,166 study participants included 13,253 men (45.4%) and had a mean age of 72.2 years. The 7073 rural participants differed significantly (P ≤ 0.02) from the 22,093 urban participants in several major characteristics, such as older age, greater body mass index, and so on. The overall prevalence of AF was 4.6% (n = 1347). AF was more prevalent in 7073 rural participants than 22,093 urban participants (5.6% vs. 4.3%, P < 0.01), before and after adjustment for age, body mass index, blood pressure, pulse rate, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and prior medical history. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified overweight/obesity (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.17-1.54) in urban areas and cigarette smoking (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.20-2.17) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.04-1.93) in rural areas as specific risk factors for prevalent AF. In patients with known AF in urban areas (n = 781) and rural areas (n = 338), 60.6% and 45.9%, respectively, received AF treatment (P < 0.01), and only 22.4% and 17.2%, respectively, received anticoagulation therapy (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In China, there are urban-rural disparities in AF in the elderly, with a higher prevalence and worse management in rural areas than urban areas. Our study findings provide insight for health policymakers to consider urban-rural disparity in the prevention and treatment of AF.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effect and safety of acupuncture manipulation on treatment of intractable facial paralysis (IFP), and verify the practicality and precision of the Anzhong Facial Paralysis Precision Scale (Eyelid Closure Grading Scale, AFPPS-ECGS). METHODS: A multicentre, single-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted from October 2022 to June 2024. Eighty-nine IFP participants were randomly assigned to an ordinary acupuncture group (OAG, 45 cases) and a characteristic acupuncture group (CAG, 44 cases) using a random number table method. The main acupoints selected included Yangbai (GB 14), Quanliao (SI 18), Yingxiang (LI 20), Shuigou (GV 26), Dicang (ST 4), Chengjiang (CV 24), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Jiache (ST 6), Fengchi (GB 20), and Hegu (LI 4). The OAG patients received ordinary acupuncture manipulation, while the CAG received characteristic acupuncture manipulation. Both groups received acupuncture treatment 3 times a week, with 10 times per course, lasting for 10 weeks. Facial recovery was assessed at baseline and after the 1st, 2nd and 3rd treatment course by AFPPS-ECGS and the House-Brackmann (H-B) Grading Scale. Infrared thermography technology was used to observe the temperature difference between healthy and affected sides in various facial regions. Adverse events and laboratory test abnormalities were recorded. The correlation between the scores of the two scales was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: After the 2nd treatment course, the two groups showed statistically significant differences in AFPPS-ECGS scores (P<0.05), with even greater significance after the 3rd course (P<0.01). Similarly, H-B Grading Scale scores demonstrated significant differences between groups following the 3rd treatment course (P<0.05). Regarding temperature measurements, significant differences in temperatures of frontal and ocular areas were observed after the 2nd course (P<0.05), becoming more pronounced after the 3rd course (P<0.01). Additionally, mouth corner temperature differences reached statistical significance by the 3rd course (P<0.05). No safety-related incidents were observed during the study. Correlation analysis revealed that the AFPPS-ECGS and the H-B Grading Scale were strongly correlated (r=0.86, 0.91, 0.93, and 0.91 at baseline, and after 1st, 2nd, and 3rd treatment course, respectively, all P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Acupuncture is an effective treatment for IFP, and the characteristic acupuncture manipulation enhances the therapeutic effect. The use of the AFPPS-ECGS can more accurately reflect the recovery status of patients with IFP. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR2200065442).
Humans ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Facial Paralysis/therapy* ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Treatment Outcome ; Acupuncture Points ; Aged