Objective: To investigate the protective effects of morusin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver injury in mice and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Thirty-two male specific pathogen-free (SPF) C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8 per group): control, LPS, low-dose morusin (morusin-L, 10 mg/kg), and high-dose morusin (morusin-H, 20 mg/kg) groups. The mice in each group were administered the corresponding drugs or normal saline via continuous gavage daily for 16 consecutive days. Except for control group, which received an equal volume of normal saline, other groups were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (5 mg/kg) 2 h after the last gavage to establish the acute liver injury model. Serum and liver tissues were collected for subsequent analysis 6 h after LPS injection. The activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum were detected with biochemical methods. The levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hepatic pathological changes were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) sequencing was performed to assess the composition of intestinal flora, linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was applied for multi-level species discrimination, and Spearman’s correlation analysis was performed. The liver tissues of mice with acute liver injury were analyzed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and then enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway was conducted. The expression levels of selected genes was validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), while immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to examine the expression levels of IL-6, myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88), and toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Results: Morusin significantly reduced the serum levels of ALT, AST, and inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, or P < 0.001), while alleviating the hepatic pathological damage in mice. Based on efficacy comparisons, morusin-H group was selected for subsequent microbiome and transcriptome analyses. Microbiome analysis revealed that morusin-H effectively mitigated LPS-induced gut dysbiosis and restored the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota balance (P < 0.01). At the genus level, morusin-H significantly reduced the abundances of norank_f_Muribaculaceae, Desulfovibrio, Parabacteroides, and Muribaculum (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, or P < 0.001). At the phylum, family, and genus levels, our findings indicated that morusin-H treatment caused a significant decrease in the abundance of Desulfobacterota, Desulfovibrionaceae, and Desulfovibrio (P < 0.01). Importantly, the abundance of Desulfovibrio was positively correlated with the levels of ALT, AST, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Transcriptomic and molecular analyses showed that the therapeutic mechanism of morusin-H involved suppression of the IL-17/TNF signaling pathways and downregulating the mRNA levels of Tlr2, Tlr3, Myd88, Il6, and Cxcl10 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.001), as well as the protein levels of key inflammatory mediators (IL-6, MYD88, and TLR2) (P < 0.001). Conclusion Morusin demonstrates protective effects against LPS-induced acute liver injury, likely through modulation of gut microbiota and suppression of pro-inflammatory factor expression. These findings indicate that morusin exerts its effects through the "microbiota-inflammation-liver" axis, providing a theoretical basis for its use as a multi-target plant-based drug in the treatment of metabolic inflammation-related liver diseases.

Objective To explore the effect of hospital community integration management program on monocyte(MONO),blood uric acid(BUA),body mass index(BMI)and MONO/high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR)in patients with hyperuricemia(HUA).Methods A total of 103 HUA patients admitted to the department of nephrology of the First Hospital of Ninghai County from January 2020 to January 2022 were chosen as the study object.The patients were divided into experimental group(51 cases,management method:hospital community integration management mode)and the control group(52 cases,management method:conventional management mode)based on the admission order(odd and even).The differences of MONO,BUA,BMI,MHR between the two groups at admission and discharge and 6,12 and 24 months after discharge were compared,and the occurrence of adverse reactions was observed.Results There were no significant differences in MONO,BUA,BMI and MHR levels at admission between the two groups,MONO,BUA,BMI and MHR levels were significantly lower at discharge and at 6,12,and 24 months after discharge compared with admission.The lowest level was reached 24 months after discharge,and the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group[MONO(×109/L):0.34(0.16)vs.0.37(0.18),BUA(μmol/L):329.7±70.5 vs.381.2±71.7,BMI(kg/m2):21.3±1.1 vs.24.2±0.9,MHR:0.24(0.16)vs.0.27(0.15),all P<0.05].The overall incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of control group[3.92%(2/51)vs.15.38%(8/52),P<0.05].Conclusion The scientific and reasonable implementation of integrated hospital and community management is beneficial to reduce the levels of MONO,BUA,BMI,MHR and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions in patients.

Objective:To study the genetic variation and distribution characteristics of thalassemia in people of childbearing age in Hubei Province, and to provide clinical basis for the local government decision-making departments to formulate and promote appropriate policies for prevention and control of thalassemia.Methods:Venous blood samples were collected from 44 849 people of childbearing age in hospitals in Hubei Province from May 13, 2019 to August 17, 2021. PCR-flow fluorescence hybridization and PCR+diversion hybridization were used to screen thalassemia genes. Spouses of those who tested positive were also tested for thalassemia genes. When both spouses carried the same type of thalassemia gene, the amniotic fluid of pregnant women was extracted for prenatal diagnosis and followed up.Results:Among the 44 849 people of childbearing age, 2 286 cases were diagnosed as thalassemia gene carriers through genetic testing, and the total detection rate was 5.10% (2 286/44 849). Among them, 1 488 cases were diagnosed as α-thalassemia, and the detection rate was 3.32% (1 488/44 849); 767 cases were diagnosed as β-thalassemia, and the detection rate was 1.71% (767/44 849); 31 cases were diagnosed as α-thalassemia combined with β-thalassemia, and the detection rate was 0.07% (31/44 849). The top three genotypes of α-thalassemia were -α 3.7/αα, -- SEA/αα, and -α 4.2/αα, accounting for 58.06% (864/1 488), 26.14% (389/1 488), and8.74% (130/1 488), respectively. The top three genotypes of β-thalassemia were β IVS-Ⅱ-654/β N, β CD41-42/β N, and β CD17/β N, accounting for 41.72% (320/767), 21.25% (163/767), and 16.04% (123/767), respectively. The main genotypes of α-thalassemia combined with β-thalassemia were -α 3.7/αα complex β IVS-Ⅱ-654/β N and -α 3.7/αα complex β CD41-42/β N, accounting for 29.03% (9/31) and 16.13% (5/31), respectively. A total of 59 people of childbearing age were conducted prenatal diagnosis, among fetus, there were 4 cases of severe thalassemia (2 cases of severe α-thalassemia, 2 cases of severe β-thalassemia), 5 cases of intermediate α-thalassemia, 5 cases of intermediate or severe β-thalassemia, 19 cases of mild thalassemia (8 cases of mild α-thalassemia, 11 cases of mild β-thalassemia), 13 cases of stationary α-thalassemia, and 1 case of stationary α-thalassemia combined with mild β-thalassemia, there were 12 cases without α-thalassemia or β-thalassemia genes. After follow-up, 4 cases of severe thalassemia, 2 cases of intermediate α-thalassemia, and 5 cases of intermediate or severe β-thalassemia were terminated pregnancy by the joint decision of both parents. Conclusions:In Hubei Province, the detection rate of thalassemia is high, and α-thalassemia is the main mutation type. The combination of thalassemia gene screening and prenatal diagnosis is of great significance in reducing the birth rate of children with thalassemia.

Objective:To explore the effect of 5E rehabilitation model in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) .Methods:From January 2018 to April 2020, convenience sampling was used to select 154 COPD outpatients and inpatients in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University as the research object. The patients were divided into the observation group (78 cases) and the control group (76 cases) by random number table method. The control group was given routine nursing, and the observation group received the 5E rehabilitation model on the basis of the control group. The scores of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Knowledge Questionnaire (COPD-Q) , Self-Management Scale for Chinese Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) were compared between the two groups before intervention and after six months of follow-up.Results:After six months of follow-up, the COPD-Q score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The total score and the scores of each dimension of the Self-Management Scale for Chinese Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The total score and each dimension score of SGRQ in the observation group were lower than those in the control group with statistical differences ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The 5E rehabilitation model is conducive to improving the health literacy, self-management ability and the quality of life of patients with stable COPD.

Objective:To explore the effects of hospital-to-community model-based case management on outcomes and life quality of patients with atrial fibrillation.Methods:By convience sampling method, a total of 90 cases of atrial fibrillation patients admitted to Changzhou Second People′s Hospital from January 2019 to May 2020 were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 45 cases in each group. The patients in the control group received routine nursing care, the experimental group implemented hospital-to-community model-based case management. The beliefs about medicine, medication compliance, quality of life and readmissions of cardiovascular events were compared between 2 groups before and 6 months after intervention.Results:Finally, 41 cases were included in the experimental group and 38 cases in the control group. Before intervention, there were no significant differences in various indexes between the two groups ( P>0.05). After 6 months of intervention, the scores of specific-necessity in Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire-Specific (BMQ-Specific) and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) were (16.98 ± 4.22) and (7.15 ± 0.69) points in the experimental group, higher than in the control group (14.95 ± 4.33) and (6.32 ± 1.07) points; the scores of specific-concerns in BMQ-Specific were (6.83 ± 1.91)points in the experimental group, lower than in the control group (8.42 ± 2.73) points. The differences were statistically significant ( t = 2.11, 4.07, 2.98, all P<0.05); the scores of physical function, role-physical, pain, general health, mental health dimensions and total scores in SF-36 were (80.37 ± 3.46), (46.63 ± 14.54), (90.37 ± 5.78), (70.07 ± 9.98), (84.20 ± 8.73) and (584.88 ± 25.71) points in the experimental group, higher than in the control group (70.13 ± 11.20), (37.34 ± 10.25), (83.37 ± 6.89), (59.55 ± 7.98), (77.58 ± 9.09) and (533.87 ± 31.62) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 3.30-7.89, all P<0.05). At 6 months after discharge, the re-admission of cardiovascular events were 5 cases (12.2%) in the experimental group and 12 cases (31.6%) in the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.74, P<0.05). Conclusions:Hospital-to-community model-based case management can effectively promote beliefs about medicine and medication compliance, improve quality of life and decrease re-admission of cardiovascular events of patients with atrial fibrillation.

This study deeply analyzes the common problems of three military medical universities in the management of undergraduate extracurricular scientific research, such as lack of communication means, limited online resources, backward laboratory opening and low utilization rate of equipment. We have built a cloud platform management system for undergraduate extracurricular scientific research. This system firstly sets up a teaching resources storage module including videos, PPTs, documents, pictures, electronic materials, question bank, etc. Then four subsystems for different roles of students, mentors, experimental teaching staff and administrators are constructed. Finally, this system realizes independent experiments by students, real-time evaluation by mentors, instrument sharing and efficient management through the seamless connection with the user terminal equipment. And the study also makes evaluation on the present usage.

Objective: To investigate the positive rate for 2019-nCoV tests and co-infections in Wuhan district. Methods: A total of 8 274 cases in Wuhan were enrolled in this cross-sectional study during January 20 to February 9, 2020, and were tested for 2019-nCoV using fluorescence quantitative PCR. Both respiratory tract samples (nasopharynx, oropharynx, sputum and alveolar lavage fluid) and non-respiratory tract samples (urine, feces, anal swabs, blood and conjunctival sac swabs) were collected. If both orf1ab and N genes are positive, they are classified as nucleic acid test positive group; if both orf1ab and N genes are negative, they are classified as negative group; if single gene target is positive, they are classified as suspicious group. Individuals were divided into male group and female group according to sex. At the same time, 316 patients were tested for 13 respiratory pathogens by multiplex PCR. Results: Among the 8 274 subjects, 2 745 (33.2%) were 2019-nCoV infected; 5 277 (63.8%) subjects showed negative results in the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test; and 252 cases (3.05%) was not definitive (inconclusive result). The age of cases with COVID-19 patients and inconclusive cases was significantly higher than that of cases without 2019-nCoV infection (40 vs 56, t=27.569, P<0.001; 52 vs 56, t=6.774, P<0.001). The positive rate of 13 respiratory pathogens multiple tests was significantly lower in 104 subjects who were positive for 2019-nCoV compared with those in subjects who were negative for 2019-nCoV test (5.77% vs 18.39%, χ²=24.105, P=0.003). Four types of respiratory tract samples and five types of non-respiratory tract samples were found to be positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test. Conclusion The 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive rate in male is higher than in female. Co-infections should be pay close attention in COVID-19 patients. 2019-nCoV nucleic acid can be detected in non-respiratory tract samples.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prognosis of fetuses with cystic hygroma (CH) or nuchal translucency (NT) or nuchal fold (NF) thickening detected by prenatal echography. METHODS: From January 2014 to December 2015, 124 fetuses with CH and NT/NF thickening on prenatal echography were enrolled from Women's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The basic clinical information, ultrasonic results, pregnancy outcomes and newborn follow-ups were analyzed. The cases were grouped by prognosis and the factors affecting prognosis were analyzed with logistic regression. RESULTS: There were 85 cases of labor induction including one stillbirth and 39 cases delivered. Except one infant who died after birth, all live births survived with good prognosis. Univariate analysis showed that the gestational age at diagnosis of poor prognosis group was earlier than that of good prognosis group (<0.01); and the former group also had higher hydrops fetalis rate and additional structural anomalies rate (all <0.01). Multivariate regression analysis showed that hydrops fetalis (=90.105, <0.05) and additional structural anomalies (=61.854, <0.05) were risk factors of poor prognosis in fetuses with CH and NT/NF thickening. CONCLUSIONS Fetuses with diagnosed CH or NT/NF thickening on prenatal ultrasonography are likely to be associated with chromosomal abnormality. Early gestational weeks, hydrops fetalis and additional structural anomalies may indicate poor prognosis.
Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Hydrops Fetalis ; etiology ; Infant, Newborn ; Lymphangioma, Cystic ; complications ; diagnosis ; Nuchal Translucency Measurement ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Prognosis ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Seasonal influenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza virus infection and complications from infection. Currently, China has licensed trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3) and quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4), including split-virus influenza vaccine and subunit vaccine. Except for a few major cities, influenza vaccine is a category Ⅱ vaccine, which means influenza vaccination is voluntary, and recipients must pay for it. To strengthen the technical guidance for prevention and control of influenza and operational research on influenza vaccination in China, the National Immunization Advisory Committee (NIAC) Influenza Vaccine Technical Working Group (TWG), updated the 2014 technical guidelines and compiled the "Technical guidelines for seasonal influenza vaccination in China (2018-2019)" . The main updates in this version include: epidemiology, disease burden, types of influenza vaccines, northern hemisphere influenza vaccination composition for the 2018-2019 season, IIV3 and IIV4 immune response, durability of immunity, immunogenicity, vaccine efficacy, effectiveness, safety, cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit. The influenza vaccine TWG provided the recommendations for influenza vaccination for the 2018-2019 influenza season based on existing scientific evidence. The recommendations described in this report include the following: Points of Vaccination clinics (PoVs) should provide influenza vaccination to all persons aged 6 months and above who are willing to be vaccinated and do not have contraindications. No preferential recommendation is made for one influenza vaccine product over another for persons for whom more than one licensed, recommended, and appropriate product is available. To decrease the risk of severe infections and complications due to influenza virus infection among high risk groups, the recommendations prioritize seasonal influenza vaccination for children aged 6-59 months, adults ≥60 years of age, persons with specific chronic diseases, healthcare workers, the family members and caregivers of infants <6 months of age, and pregnant women or women who plan to become pregnant during the influenza season. Children aged 6 months through 8 years require 2 doses of influenza vaccine administered a minimum of 4 weeks apart during their first season of vaccination for optimal protection. If they were vaccinated in 2017-2018 influenza season or a prior season, 1 dose is recommended. People more than 8 years old require 1 dose of influenza vaccine. It is recommended that people receive their influenza vaccination by the end of October. Influenza vaccination should be offered as soon as the vaccination is available. For the people unable to be vaccinated before the end of October, influenza vaccination will continue to be offered for the whole season. Influenza vaccine is also recommended for use in pregnant women during any trimester. These guidelines are intended for use by staff members of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at all levels who work on influenza control and prevention, PoVs staff members, healthcare workers from the departments of pediatrics, internal medicine, and infectious diseases, and staff members of maternity and child care institutions at all levels.

Objective To explore the level of interleukin 35-producing B cells (i35-Breg) as well as its effect factors,interleukin-35 (IL-35),in peripheral blood of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB),and their relationship with hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and liver inflammatory degree.Methods A total of 35 treatment-naive CHB patients,17 interferon (IFN)-treated HBeAg-positive CHB patients and 15 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled.The levels of i35-Breg and IL-35 in peripheral blood were tested by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorption assay (ELISA).Kruskal-Wallis test,Wilcox rank sum test and two variables correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results The percentage of i35-Breg cells as well as IL-35 level in peripheral blood of naive CHB patients were 3.05％ (0.89％,4.97％) and 2.81 μg/L (0.30 μg/L,12.33 μg/L),respectively,which were both significantly higher than those in HC group,which were 0.17％ (0.13％,0.45％) and 0.17 μg/L(0,1.93 μg/L),respectively.The difference were statistical significant (Z=-3.309 and-2.419,respectively,P=0.001 and 0.016,respectively).The peripheral level of i35-Breg was negatively correlated with the viral load in treatment-naive CHB patients (r=-0.529,P=0.008),while there was no correlation between the peripheral level of IL-35 and the viral load in treatment-naive CHB patients (r=0.11,P=0.54).The levels of i35-Breg and IL-35 in HBeAg positive CHB patients were 3.16％ (1.34％,5.62％) and 4.58μg/L (0.79μg/L,22.37 μg/L),respectively,which were both higher than those in HC group.The difference was statistically significant (F=3.39 and 3.37,respectively,both P＜0.01).Compared to HC group,the IL-35 levels in peripheral blood of CHB patients with ALT and AST levels less than 300 U/L were 3.03 μg/L (0.74 μg/L,22.37 μg/L) and 3.25 μg/L (0.83 μg/L,22.35 μg/L),respectively,with statistically significant difference (F=2.868 and 3.114,respectively,both P＜0.01).Compared to HC group,the peripheral level of i35-Breg in treatment-naive CHB patients with ALT levels less than 300 U/L was 3.14％ (1.03％,4.65％),with statistically significant difference (F=3.219,P=0.004).The IL-35 level showed a decreased trend in CHB who received IFN therapy,but there was no statistically significant difference (x2 =1.45,P =0.48).Furthermore,the baseline IL-35 level in patients who developed sustained viral response (SVR) was 0 (0,13.33 g/L),which was lower than that in patients who developed partial or primary no response 0.61 μg/L (0,24.72 μg/L).However,there was no statistical difference (F=0.75,P =0.68).Conclusions i35-Breg as well as its effect factor,IL-35,are involved in the progression of chronic HBV infection.The percentage of i35-Breg cells as well as IL-35 level in peripheral blood of treatment-naive CHB patients are increased.The peripheral level of i35-Breg is negatively correlated with the viral load,while there is no correlation between the peripheral level of IL-35 and the viral load.The percentage of i35-Breg cells as well as IL-35 level in CHB patients with low inflammatory degree are increased.