Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， through its multi-target and systematic regulatory effects， has demonstrated unique advantages in the treatment of gastric precancerous lesions （GPL）. At present， TCM theoretical research on GPL is mainly reflected in three aspects， the integration of macroscopic syndrome differentiation， the inflammation-carcinoma transformation mechanism， as well as the systematization and scientization of theoretical inheritance from famous TCM practitioners. High-quality evidence-based research findings serve as the foundation for clinical practice guidelines on GPL， and TCM has gained international academic recognition in the field of GPL prevention and treatment. Research on TCM mechanisms has yielded a series of important outcomes in the aspects of signaling pathways， gene expression regulation， cellular epigenetics， histone modification， and intestinal microecology. It is proposed that future research on GPL should focus on four key directions， establishing multi-omics data， exploring targeted intervention strategies on key regulatory nodes， advancing the standardization process of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine prevention and treatment technologies， and constructing stratified screening and intervention platforms. The in-depth integration of TCM microcosmic mechanism of action with its macroscopic syndrome differentiation and treatment system， coupled with interdisciplinary research， will provide valuable references for the clinical treatment and scientific research of GPL.

AIM: To investigate the association between HOXA1 and FOXF2 gene variants and genetic susceptibility in multigenerational families with exotropia, and to elucidate the molecular genetic etiological mechanisms of exotropia.METHODS:A total of 10 multigenerational families with a definitive history of exotropia were recruited from September 2023 to February 2025, comprising 165 members(87 exotropia patients and 78 normal controls). Detailed ophthalmological examinations were performed, family pedigrees were constructed, peripheral blood samples were collected, genomic DNA was extracted, and PCR amplification followed by Sanger sequencing were used to detect exons and flanking sequences of the HOXA1 and FOXF2 genes. Identified variants were subjected to pathogenicity classification and association analyses.RESULTS:Among the 10 families, 5 variant sites in HOXA1(c.218G>A, c.385C>T, c.496A>G, c.652T>C, c.874C>T)and 4 in FOXF2(c.102C>T, c.344G>A, c.576T>C, c.892A>G)were identified. The HOXA1 c.496A>G variant showed statistically significant differences between carrier and noncarrier in exotropia angle, exotropia type, stereoscopic vision, and parallax(all P<0.05). The age of onset of FOXF2 gene c.344G>A mutation carrier group was younger than that of the non-carrier group(t=3.55, P=0.004).CONCLUSION:HOXA1 and FOXF2 gene variants are significantly associated with genetic susceptibility to exotropia, particularly influencing age of onset and deviation angle, offering novel targets for molecular diagnosis and precision treatment of exotropia.

Objective: To analyze the influencing factors of aggressive behaviors in high school students, rank the importance of relevant variables with visual presentation, so as to provide new references for developing intervention strategies. Methods: In December 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to select 5 330 students from 5 high schools in Wuhan for an online questionnaire survey. The survey included the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), Interaction Anxiety Scale (IAS), Emotion Regulation Ability Scale, Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA), and a self designed general information questionnaire. Variables were screened using LASSO regression, followed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. The Random Forest model was then employed to rank and visualize variable importance. Results: Univariate analysis and LASSO regression results indicated that gender, emotion regulation capability, paternal attachment quality, maternal attachment quality, maternal parenting style, paternal parenting style, parenting consistency, monthly household income per capita, school climate, relationship with classmates, interaction anxiety, and academic ranking were all significant variables (all P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified the following as influencing factors of aggressive behaviors in high school students: emotional management ability ( OR=0.38, 95%CI =0.34-0.43), gender ( OR=0.83, 95%CI =0.75-0.93), mother attachment quality ( OR=0.89, 95%CI = 0.74 -1.07), father attachment quality ( OR=0.76, 95%CI = 0.66- 0.87), interaction anxiousness ( OR=1.58, 95%CI =1.40- 1.78 ), consistency of parenting styles of parents ( OR=1.40, 95%CI =1.21-1.62), school atmosphere ( OR=1.50, 95%CI =1.14-1.98), academic performance ranking (upper middle: OR=0.76, 95%CI =0.61-0.93; middle: OR=0.70, 95%CI =0.57-0.86) were the influencing factors of aggressive behavior in high school students (all P <0.05). The results of Random Forest showed that emotional management ability was the most important factor affecting aggressive behavior in high school students. Conclusion Emotion regulation capability is identified as the core predictor of adolescent aggressive behaviors, which can significantly reduce the incidence of aggressive behaviors through enhanced emotion management.

Chemical communication in plant-microbiome and intra-microbiome interactions weaves a complex network, critically shaping ecosystem stability and agricultural productivity. This non-contact interaction is driven by small-molecule signals that orchestrate crosstalk dynamics and beneficial association. Plants leverage these signals to distinguish between pathogens and beneficial microbes, dynamically modulate immune responses, and secrete exudates to recruit a beneficial microbiome, while microbes in turn influence plant nutrient acquisition and stress resilience. Such bidirectional chemical dialogues underpin nutrient cycling, co-evolution, microbiome assembly, and plant resistance. However, knowledge gaps persist regarding validating the key molecules involved in plant-microbe interactions. Interpreting chemical communication requires multi-omics integration to predict key information, genome editing and click chemistry to verify the function of biomolecules, and artificial intelligence (AI) models to improve resolution and accuracy. This review helps advance the understanding of chemical communication and provides theoretical support for agriculture to cope with food insecurity and climate challenges.
Microbiota/physiology* ; Plants/microbiology* ; Artificial Intelligence ; Ecosystem

Rapid and living guidelines are those developed in response to public health emergencies in a short period of time using a scientific and standardized approach. Subsequently， they provide timely and credible recommendations for decision makers through regular and frequent updates of clinical evidence and recommendations. In this paper， we introduced the definition of rapid and living guideline as well as analyzed the basic characteristics of eight rapid and living guidelines in the field of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） published till 2023 June， summarizing three core methodological issues in relation to how to rapidly develop guidelines， how to formulate recommendations when there is lack of evidence， and how to ensure the timeliness of guidelines. Based on the analysis of current rapid and living guidelines， it is implicated that there is necessity to carry out rapid and living guideline in the field of TCM， and the methodology of rapid integration of multivariate evidence in the field of TCM needs to be further explored； furthermore， it is necessary to further explore the obstacles of implementation of guidelines and promote timely updating， all of which provide certain theoretical references for relevant guideline developers and researchers.

It is necessary to develop rapid and living guidelines in order to improve the evidence translation and guidance for clinical practice in emergency situations， and to enhance the participation of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in management of emergencies. This paper introduced the process of developing rapid and living guidelines of TCM and divided it into three stages， that is preparation， rapid development and dynamic updating， which highlights the features of rapid development， high quality， and dynamic updating and the integration with the predominance of TCM. By comparing with general guidelines on composition， personnel number， timing to formulate and communication patterns of the guideline working groups， as well as the content and number of clinical questions， this paper mainly gave suggestions on how to formulate a concise but authoritative team during the preparation stage， how to efficiently manage the guideline team and promote the development process from conflict of interest management， working and communication mode adjustment， and how to formulate and update the important and prioritized clinical questions， all of which may provide reference for the development of TCM rapid and living guidelines.

The lack of direct evidence is an important problem faced in the formation of recommendations in rapid living guidelines of traditional Chinese medicine under public health emergencies， and the supplementation of indirect evidence can be a key method to solve this problem. For the collection of evidence， the type of evidence required， including direct and indirect evidence， should be clarified， and ‘direct first’ principle for selecting evidence can be set to standardize and accelerate the guideline development. When integrating evidence， recommendations can be formed directly if there is sufficient direct evidence， while regarding insufficient direct evidence， recommendations need to be supplemented and improved by integrating indirect evidence. In addition， when the body of evidence contains evidence from multiple sources， it is suggested to rate the evidence according to “higher rather than lower” principle. Finally， when forming recommendations， the level of evidence， safety and economic efficiency should be taken into consideration to determine the strength of the recommendation.

In developing rapid and living guidelines of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in response to public health emergencies， it is important that evidence continue to be reviewed， and clinical questions and recommendations updated if necessary， due to the rapid changes in disease progression and the continuous generation of relevant research evidence. This paper proposed that the updating scope in dynamic mode should first be identified； then evidence monitoring should be carried out in four aspects， including clinical research， related guidelines or laws and regulations， disease progression， as well as clinical use of recommendations and clinical needs； finally， based on the results of the evidence monitoring， different options should be made， including revising the clinical questions， updating the evidence and recommendations， and withdrawing the guideline.

The irrational use of Chinese patent medicines （CPM） is becoming more and more prominent， which makes the demand for clinical practice guidelines of CPM gradually increase. In order to make domestic scholars understand the latest developments and existing problems of the CPM guidelines， and promote its development， this paper introduced the concept of CPM guidelines， summarized the characteristics of the two development modes， namely “taking CPM as the key” and “taking disease/syndrome as the key”， and analyzed the current methodological status of developing and reporting CPM guidelines. Based on the existed problems， three suggestions have been put forward to optimize the quality of CPM guidelines， which were clarifying the target users and scope of CPM guidelines， establishing an open and transparent mechanism of the personnel involvement and process steps， and formulating implementable and operable recommendations for the use of CPM.

This paper summarized the key points and methods in terms of the establishment of the guideline working group and the management of conflict of interests， trying to provide reference for the development of clinical practice guidelines for Chinese patent medicine （CPM）. The establishment of the working group is the first important step for developing CPM guidelines. Considering the characteristics of the clinical practice guidelines for CPM， this study suggests that the three key elements of ‘multidisciplinarity’， ‘clinical relevance’ and ‘geographical representativeness’ should be put focus on when forming the working group. The guideline advisory committee， clinical expert group， evidence systematic evaluation group， secretary group and the external review group should be established. All group members should clarify the conflict of interest， and the process and management method of the conflict of interest should be clearly reported.