Fusion variations of neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase (NTRK) are oncogenic drivers in various solid tumors such as breast cancer, salivary gland carcinoma, infant fibrosarcoma, etc. Gene rearrangements involving NTRK1/2/3 lead to constitutive activation of the tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) domain, and the expressed fusion proteins drive tumor growth and survival. NTRK fusions are estimated to occur at a frequency of approximately 0.1% to 1% in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are prevalent in NSCLC, but the frequency of EGFR G719A mutation is relatively low (about 2%), and EGFR mutations are typically mutually exclusive with NTRK fusion variants. The study presented the first documented case of lung adenocarcinoma harboring both EGFR G719A mutation and LMNA-NTRK1 fusion. A review of the literature was conducted to elucidate the role of NTRK fusion mutations in NSCLC and their relationship with EGFR mutations, aiming to enhance the understanding of NTRK fusion mutations in NSCLC.
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Humans ; Adenocarcinoma/genetics* ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung ; ErbB Receptors/genetics* ; Lamin Type A/genetics* ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Mutation ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics* ; Receptor, trkA/metabolism*

Objective To explore the effect of the teaching model based on"Academic-Industrial-Education Integration"in the clinical probation and practice teaching of rehabilitation.Methods 57 rehabilitation students were divided into control group(n=28)and experimental group(n=29)according to their volunteers.The control group took the traditional teaching method,and the experimental group took the teaching method of"Academic-Industrial-Education Integration".The two groups of students were compared in the assessment results of scientific research related courses,the participation rate of students in scien-tific research and innovation related projects,the satisfaction results of teaching effect,learning effect,self-theoretical ability and self-practical ability.The data of teachers' teaching results were collected.Results The scores of students in the experimental group were better than those in the control group in terms of scientific research-related courses and participation rate of scientific research,innovation and entrepreneurship projects(P＜0.05).There was no statistical difference in the satisfaction of teaching effect and theoretical ability improvement.Students' self-learning effect satisfaction and practical ability improvement satisfaction in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The teaching achievements of teachers are in-creased,and the teaching level is promoted.Conclusion The application of"Academic-Industrial-Education Integration"teaching mode in clinical teaching of rehabilitation is helpful to improve students' participation rate in scientific research courses and innova-tive projects,improve the satisfaction of learning effect and practical ability,and promote the improvement of teaching level.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of olfactory dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease(PD)and conduct a systematic review and Meta-analysis.Methods Articles on factors influencing olfactory dysfunction in PD were retrieved from databases including SinoMed,VIP,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,Web of Science,PubMed,Cochrane,Embase,and MEDLINE.The search period spanned from the inception of each database to November 30,2024.Results A total of 13 articles(with a total sample size of 2465)were included,with a total of 18 influencing factors summarized as two themes:core features and progression factors of PD,and individual background and environmental interaction factors.Meta-analysis showed that age(MD=1.01,95％CI:-0.46-2.49,P=0.18),smoking(OR=0.88,95％CI:0.57-1.37,P=0.57),and constipation(OR=1.22,95％CI:0.38-3.93,P=0.74)were not factors affecting olfactory dysfunction in PD patients.Conclusion Factors influencing olfactory dysfunction in PD are predominantly associated with non-motor symptoms.Intervention strategies targeting non-motor symptoms(such as improving sleep quality,vitamin D supplementation,and early cognitive training)may provide novel approaches for delaying the progression of olfactory dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the microbial community structure in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid(BALF)u-sing high-throughput sequencing technology,with a particular focus on the abundance and distribution of Staphy-lococcus aureus.METHODS A total of 1,650 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)samples were collected from the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province between 2022 and 2023.S.aureus gene detection was performed using BALF culture,isothermal amplification and microfluidic technology.Representative 21 S.aureus-positive samples were grouped into S.aureus pneumonia group,SARS-CoV-2 co-infection group and chronic obstructive pulmona-ry disease(COPD)group,followed by 16S rDNA amplicon high-throughput sequencing.RESULTS The microbial community compositions among the three groups exhibited significant differences.Species-level hierarchical cluste-ring analysis revealed that S.aureus was more frequently detected and accounted for a higher proportion in the S.aureus pneumonia group,while the COPD group was dominated by Achromobacter.In contrast,the SARS-CoV-2 co-infection group was mainly composed of Methylobacterium aquatique and Achromobacter.Only in the S.au-reus pneumonia group was S.aureus the dominant bacterium.CONCLUSION The composition of the BALF micro-biota is closely related to different disease states,providing an important reference for a deeper understanding of the microbiological basis of pulmonary infectious diseases.

Objective To explore the effect of the teaching model based on"Academic-Industrial-Education Integration"in the clinical probation and practice teaching of rehabilitation.Methods 57 rehabilitation students were divided into control group(n=28)and experimental group(n=29)according to their volunteers.The control group took the traditional teaching method,and the experimental group took the teaching method of"Academic-Industrial-Education Integration".The two groups of students were compared in the assessment results of scientific research related courses,the participation rate of students in scien-tific research and innovation related projects,the satisfaction results of teaching effect,learning effect,self-theoretical ability and self-practical ability.The data of teachers' teaching results were collected.Results The scores of students in the experimental group were better than those in the control group in terms of scientific research-related courses and participation rate of scientific research,innovation and entrepreneurship projects(P＜0.05).There was no statistical difference in the satisfaction of teaching effect and theoretical ability improvement.Students' self-learning effect satisfaction and practical ability improvement satisfaction in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The teaching achievements of teachers are in-creased,and the teaching level is promoted.Conclusion The application of"Academic-Industrial-Education Integration"teaching mode in clinical teaching of rehabilitation is helpful to improve students' participation rate in scientific research courses and innova-tive projects,improve the satisfaction of learning effect and practical ability,and promote the improvement of teaching level.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of olfactory dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease(PD)and conduct a systematic review and Meta-analysis.Methods Articles on factors influencing olfactory dysfunction in PD were retrieved from databases including SinoMed,VIP,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,Web of Science,PubMed,Cochrane,Embase,and MEDLINE.The search period spanned from the inception of each database to November 30,2024.Results A total of 13 articles(with a total sample size of 2465)were included,with a total of 18 influencing factors summarized as two themes:core features and progression factors of PD,and individual background and environmental interaction factors.Meta-analysis showed that age(MD=1.01,95％CI:-0.46-2.49,P=0.18),smoking(OR=0.88,95％CI:0.57-1.37,P=0.57),and constipation(OR=1.22,95％CI:0.38-3.93,P=0.74)were not factors affecting olfactory dysfunction in PD patients.Conclusion Factors influencing olfactory dysfunction in PD are predominantly associated with non-motor symptoms.Intervention strategies targeting non-motor symptoms(such as improving sleep quality,vitamin D supplementation,and early cognitive training)may provide novel approaches for delaying the progression of olfactory dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the microbial community structure in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid(BALF)u-sing high-throughput sequencing technology,with a particular focus on the abundance and distribution of Staphy-lococcus aureus.METHODS A total of 1,650 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)samples were collected from the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province between 2022 and 2023.S.aureus gene detection was performed using BALF culture,isothermal amplification and microfluidic technology.Representative 21 S.aureus-positive samples were grouped into S.aureus pneumonia group,SARS-CoV-2 co-infection group and chronic obstructive pulmona-ry disease(COPD)group,followed by 16S rDNA amplicon high-throughput sequencing.RESULTS The microbial community compositions among the three groups exhibited significant differences.Species-level hierarchical cluste-ring analysis revealed that S.aureus was more frequently detected and accounted for a higher proportion in the S.aureus pneumonia group,while the COPD group was dominated by Achromobacter.In contrast,the SARS-CoV-2 co-infection group was mainly composed of Methylobacterium aquatique and Achromobacter.Only in the S.au-reus pneumonia group was S.aureus the dominant bacterium.CONCLUSION The composition of the BALF micro-biota is closely related to different disease states,providing an important reference for a deeper understanding of the microbiological basis of pulmonary infectious diseases.

The development, progression, and curative efficacy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are influenced by complex interactions between epithelial and immune cells. Nevertheless, the specific changes in the nature of these interactions and their underlying molecular mechanisms in HNSCC are not yet fully understood. Cuproptosis, a form of programmed cell death that is dependent on copper, has been implicated in cancer pathogenesis. However, the understanding of cuproptosis in the context of HNSCC remains limited. In this study, we have discovered that cuproptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (CRLs) known as JPX play a role in promoting the expression of the oncogene urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU) by competitively binding to miR-193b-3p in HNSCC. The increased activity of the JPX/miR-193b-3p/PLAU axis in malignant epithelial cells leads to enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in HNSCC. Moreover, the overexpression of PLAU in tumor epithelial cells facilitates its interaction with the receptor PLAUR, predominantly expressed on macrophages, thereby influencing the abnormal epithelial-immune interactome in HNSCC. Notably, the JPX inhibitor Axitinib and the PLAU inhibitor Palbociclib may not only exert their effects on the JPX/miR-193b-3p/PLAU axis that impacts the malignant tumor behaviors and the epithelial-immune cell interactions but also exhibit synergistic effects in terms of suppressing tumor cell growth and arresting cell cycle by targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK4/6) for the treatment of HNSCC.
Humans ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism* ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Cell Proliferation ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/genetics* ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator/genetics* ; Cell Movement ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

V-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B(BRAF)alteration is one of the most essential driver genes of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).BRAF encodes serine/threonine protein kinases,and its mutations typically lead to protein compositional activation,thereby activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase(MEK)signaling pathway.A promising new approach for the treatment of mutated BRAF and/or downstream MEK may provide customized treatment op-portunities for BRAF driven NSCLC patients.However,combination therapy is necessary to overcome the difficulties such as short duration of benefit,poor therapeutic effect of non-V600 BRAF mutations and susceptibility to drug resistance.This article reviewed the progress in structural characteristics,related signaling pathways,mutation types of BRAF gene,and the clinical pathological relationship between BRAF mutations and NSCLC,as well as the therapy,in order to provide more evidences for clinical doctors to make treatment decisions.

The development,progression,and curative efficacy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)are influenced by complex interactions between epithelial and immune cells.Nevertheless,the specific changes in the nature of these interactions and their underlying molecular mechanisms in HNSCC are not yet fully understood.Cuproptosis,a form of programmed cell death that is dependent on copper,has been implicated in cancer pathogenesis.However,the understanding of cuproptosis in the context of HNSCC remains limited.In this study,we have discovered that cuproptosis-related long non-coding RNAs(CRLs)known as JPX play a role in promoting the expression of the oncogene urokinase-type plasminogen activator(PLAU)by competitively binding to miR-193b-3p in HNSCC.The increased activity of the JPX/miR-193b-3p/PLAU axis in malignant epithelial cells leads to enhanced cell proliferation,migration,and invasion in HNSCC.Moreover,the overexpression of PLAU in tumor epithelial cells facilitates its interaction with the receptor PLAUR,predominantly expressed on macrophages,thereby influencing the abnormal epithelial-immune interactome in HNSCC.Notably,the JPX inhibitor Axitinib and the PLAU inhibitor Palbociclib may not only exert their effects on the JPX/miR-193b-3p/PLAU axis that impacts the malignant tumor behaviors and the epithelial-immune cell interactions but also exhibit synergistic effects in terms of suppressing tumor cell growth and arresting cell cycle by targeting epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)and cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK4/6)for the treatment of HNSCC.