BACKGROUND:The long-term patency rate of synthetic blood vessels remains a significant challenge that requires urgent attention.Enhancing the anticoagulant performance of small-caliber artificial blood vessels is crucial in ensuring their long-term efficacy.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the anticoagulation activity of polycaprolactone/low molecular weight fucoidan nanofibers with shell core structure and determine the effect on the activity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.METHODS:Polycaprolactone nanofiber membranes and polycaprolactone/low molecular weight fucoidan nanofiber membranes with polycaprolactone as shell layer and low molecular weight fucoidan as core layer were prepared by emulsion electrospinning method(the mass ratio of low molecular weight fucoidan to polycaprolactone was 10％,25％,40％,and 55％,respectively).The morphology and structure of the fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,fluorescence microscopy,and infrared spectroscopy.The mechanical strength of the fiber membranes was detected by tensile test.The loading rate and sustained release rate of low molecular weight fucoidan in the nanofibers were detected by 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue dye.The anticoagulant properties of the fiber membranes were verified by hemolysis test,dynamic coagulation test,plasma recalcification test,and platelet adhesion test.The five fiber membranes were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells.The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay and the cell morphology was observed by fluorescence microscopy.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Scanning electron microscope showed that the surface of polycaprolactone/low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide nanofiber membrane was smooth,the fiber diameter was uniform,and there was no obvious beaded structure.With the increase of low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide content in the fiber membrane,the diameter of the fiber membrane increased and the maximum tensile stress decreased,but it still met the mechanical properties requirements of small-caliber artificial blood vessels.Fluorescence images and infrared spectra confirmed that low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide was successfully loaded into polycaprolactone nanofiber membrane,and the low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide loaded in each group of fiber membranes was released suddenly within 12 hours and released at a relatively low rate after 48 hours.(2)Compared with polycaprolactone nanofiber membrane,polycaprolactone/low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide nanofiber membrane had better anticoagulant activity,among which the group with a mass ratio of low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide to polycaprolactone of 25％had the best anticoagulant effect.All five fiber membranes supported the growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells without affecting cell morphology and had no obvious cytotoxicity.(3)The results show that the polycaprolactone/low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide nanofiber membrane has good anticoagulant function,blood compatibility,and cell compatibility.

AIM:To evaluate the optimal timing of preoperative intravitreal anti vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)therapy in proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)using intraoperative fluorescein angiography(IOFA).METHODS:A retrospective case series study was conducted on patients who underwent vitrectomy for PDR with vitreous hemorrhage(VH)at Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2023 to February 2025. Patients were divided into three groups according to the interval between intravitreal conbercept injection and surgery: Group A(3 d before surgery), Group B(7 d before surgery), and Group C(14 d before surgery). IOFA was used to assess the number and size of retinal neovascularization(NV). Additional data were collected including preoperative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), vitreous hemorrhage grading, operative time, frequency of intraoperative endodiathermy, duration of high perfusion pressure, vitreoretinal adhesion grade, postoperative BCVA, and central macular thickness(CMT). Multidimensional analyses were performed.RESULTS:This study enrolled a total of 91 patients(94 eyes)with PDR accompanied by vitreous hemorrhage. Among them, Group A consisted of 31 patients(31 eyes; 18 males, 13 females; mean age 53.26±12.38 y), Group B consisted of 34 patients(37 eyes; 21 males, 13 females; mean age 51.61±14.16 y), and Group C consisted of 26 patients(26 eyes; 18 males, 8 females; mean age 51.00±12.02 y), with baseline characteristics comparable among the three groups(all P>0.05). Comparative analysis of NV visualized via IOFA revealed that both the number and size of NVs were significantly lower in Groups B and C than in Group A(all P<0.0167), while no statistically significant differences were observed between Groups B and C(both P>0.05). No significant differences were found among the three groups regarding other intraoperative parameters, including operation time, frequency of electrocoagulation application, duration of high perfusion pressure, or grading of vitreoretinal adhesion(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION:IOFA confirms that preoperative anti-VEGF therapy administered 7 or 14 d before surgery is more effective than a 3 d interval in suppressing retinal NV activity in PDR patients.

BACKGROUND:The long-term patency rate of synthetic blood vessels remains a significant challenge that requires urgent attention.Enhancing the anticoagulant performance of small-caliber artificial blood vessels is crucial in ensuring their long-term efficacy.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the anticoagulation activity of polycaprolactone/low molecular weight fucoidan nanofibers with shell core structure and determine the effect on the activity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.METHODS:Polycaprolactone nanofiber membranes and polycaprolactone/low molecular weight fucoidan nanofiber membranes with polycaprolactone as shell layer and low molecular weight fucoidan as core layer were prepared by emulsion electrospinning method(the mass ratio of low molecular weight fucoidan to polycaprolactone was 10％,25％,40％,and 55％,respectively).The morphology and structure of the fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,fluorescence microscopy,and infrared spectroscopy.The mechanical strength of the fiber membranes was detected by tensile test.The loading rate and sustained release rate of low molecular weight fucoidan in the nanofibers were detected by 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue dye.The anticoagulant properties of the fiber membranes were verified by hemolysis test,dynamic coagulation test,plasma recalcification test,and platelet adhesion test.The five fiber membranes were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells.The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay and the cell morphology was observed by fluorescence microscopy.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Scanning electron microscope showed that the surface of polycaprolactone/low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide nanofiber membrane was smooth,the fiber diameter was uniform,and there was no obvious beaded structure.With the increase of low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide content in the fiber membrane,the diameter of the fiber membrane increased and the maximum tensile stress decreased,but it still met the mechanical properties requirements of small-caliber artificial blood vessels.Fluorescence images and infrared spectra confirmed that low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide was successfully loaded into polycaprolactone nanofiber membrane,and the low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide loaded in each group of fiber membranes was released suddenly within 12 hours and released at a relatively low rate after 48 hours.(2)Compared with polycaprolactone nanofiber membrane,polycaprolactone/low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide nanofiber membrane had better anticoagulant activity,among which the group with a mass ratio of low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide to polycaprolactone of 25％had the best anticoagulant effect.All five fiber membranes supported the growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells without affecting cell morphology and had no obvious cytotoxicity.(3)The results show that the polycaprolactone/low molecular weight brown algae polysaccharide nanofiber membrane has good anticoagulant function,blood compatibility,and cell compatibility.

Background and Aims:Aortic aneurysm,a major cardiovascular disease with high mortality and disability rates,has emerged as a critical global public health challenge.Elevated body mass index(BMI)has been confirmed as an independent risk factor for aortic aneurysm.However,the long-term trends and heterogeneity of the disease burden attributable to high BMI in China-across sex,age,and region-remain insufficiently studied.This study,based on the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)database,aimed to analyze the changes in the disease burden of high BMI-related aortic aneurysm in China from 1990 to 2021 and compare these trends with those in global and socio-demographic index(SDI)-stratified regions.Methods:Data from GBD 2021 were used to extract mortality rates and disability-adjusted life years(DALY)due to aortic aneurysm attributable to high BMI in China from 1990 to 2021.Age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR)and age-standardized DALY rate(ASDR)were calculated.Long-term trends were assessed using the estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)and Joinpoint regression models.An autoregressive integrated moving average model was applied to project trends from 2022 to 2036.Results:During the study period,deaths and DALY from aortic aneurysms attributable to high BMI in China increased nearly sevenfold.ASMR rose from 1 to 3 per 100 000 population(EAPC=3.91),and ASDR increased from 23 to 74 per 100 000(EAPC=4.11),both showing a marked upward trend.Males consistently bore a higher burden across all age groups,particularly among those aged≥65 years.Decomposition analysis revealed that the increased burden in males was mainly driven by epidemiological improvements,while that in females was primarily attributable to population aging.Compared with the United States and global trends,China exhibited a faster increase in high BMI-related aortic aneurysm burden,which is projected to remain elevated over the next 15 years.Conclusion:The disease burden of aortic aneurysm attributable to high BMI continues to rise in China,with pronounced differences across sex and age.Targeted weight management,health interventions,and early screening strategies are urgently needed for high-risk populations to curb the upward trend and optimize public health resource allocation.

Objective To compare the distribution characteristics of retinal capillary non-perfusion areas(NPAs)across different layers and regions in patients with neovascular glaucoma(NVG)secondary to proliferative diabetic retinop-athy(PDR)versus those with PDR alone through wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(SS-OCTA)and to analyze the impacts of NPAs on the development of NVG.Methods This prospective cross-sectional study enrolled 33 patients with PDR(33 eyes,the PDR group)and 30 patients with NVG(30 eyes,the PDR+NVG group)diag-nosed at Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University(formerly Weifang Medical University)from January 2022 to June 2023.The fundus examination was performed using SS-OCTA,and the NPA boundaries of the superficial capil-lary plexus(SCP)and deep capillary plexus(DCP)of the retina were manually delimited with the aid of ImageJ.The reti-na was divided based on two methods.Specifically,according to different concentric circles,the retina could be divided in-to the foveal area,parafoveal area,perifoveal area,annulus6-9,annulus9-12,annulus12-retinal boundary;besides,the ret-ina could also be divided into four quadrants(supratemporal,infratemporal,supranasal,and infranasal quadrants)based on the horizontal and vertical lines centered on the macular fovea.Based on that,the NPA area and ischemia index(ISI)in each layer and subdivision of the two groups of patients were counted.Additionally,the NPA and ISI in different concentric circles and different quadrants of the SCP and DCP were compared between the two groups.Moreover,the distribution characteristics of NPAs as well as the effect of NPAs on NVG were analyzed.Results(1)The NPA area and ISI in the DCP were larger than those in the SCP in both groups(all P＜0.001);the NPA area and ISI in the SCP and DCP of patients in the PDR+NVG group were larger than those in the PDR group(all P＜0.001).(2)In the supratemporal,infratemporal,supranasal,and infranasal quadrants,the NPA area and ISI in the SCP and DCP of patients in the PDR+NVG group were larger than those in the PDR group(all P＜0.01).The NPA area in the inferotemporal quadrant was the largest in the SCP and DCP,respectively,within each group(all P＜0.01).(3)The differences in the NPA area and ISI between the two groups were statistically significant in the annulus6-9,annulus9-12,and annulus12-retinal boundary in the SCP and DCP(all P＜0.01).The differences in the NPA area and ISI were statistically significant between different annular subdivisions in the SCP and DCP within each group(all P＜0.001).The multiple comparison results showed that the NPA area and ISI of the annulus12-retinal boundary in the SCP and DCP were larger than those in other annuli in both groups(all P＜0.05).The NPA area and ISI of the annulus9-12 were larger than those of the parafoveal and perifoveal areas;the NPA area and ISI of the annulus6-9 were larger than those of the parafoveal area(all P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant differ-ence in the NPA area and ISI in the remaining annuli(all P＞0.05).(4)The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the NPA area and ISI in the subnasal quadrant of the SCP were negatively correlated with the risk of NVG sec-ondary to PDR(P=0.036 and 0.038).The increased NPA area and ISI in the subnasal quadrant of the DCP were risk fac-tors for NVG secondary to PDR,and they may increase the risk of NVG(P=0.029 and 0.028).Conclusion The in-creased NPA area and ISI in the subnasal quadrant of the DCP were risk factors for secondary NVG in patients in the PDR group.

Objective:To understand the current situation of the specialized nursing alliance team after training, and to provide countermeasures for the further construction of the specialized nurse linkage team in medical institutions.Methods:From April to July in 2024, the descriptive qualitative research method was used, 25 community nursing professionals were interviewed by the objective sampling, and the contents were analyzed and refined by the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results:A total of 25 community specialist nurses were all females, aged 31 - 47 years old. Four themes and 15 sub-themes were extracted: internal benefits after the linkage of the specialized nursing alliance team, external benefits after the linkage of the specialized nursing alliance team, existing difficulties in the construction of the specialized nursing alliance team, and future needs of the specialized nursing alliance team construction. Based on this analysis, the present situation of the team construction of specialized nursing alliance is made.Conclusions:Under the background of medical union, the team construction of specialized nursing alliance meets the needs of patients and policy trends, and has achieved phased results. In the future, it is still necessary to further improve the professional ability of community specialized nurses and strengthen multi-channel sustainable cooperation, including reshaping the structure of medical resources, strengthening capital investment, improving the utilization rate of information technology and strengthening the assessment mechanism to promote the improvement of the specialized nursing alliance team.

Objective To compare the distribution characteristics of retinal capillary non-perfusion areas(NPAs)across different layers and regions in patients with neovascular glaucoma(NVG)secondary to proliferative diabetic retinop-athy(PDR)versus those with PDR alone through wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(SS-OCTA)and to analyze the impacts of NPAs on the development of NVG.Methods This prospective cross-sectional study enrolled 33 patients with PDR(33 eyes,the PDR group)and 30 patients with NVG(30 eyes,the PDR+NVG group)diag-nosed at Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University(formerly Weifang Medical University)from January 2022 to June 2023.The fundus examination was performed using SS-OCTA,and the NPA boundaries of the superficial capil-lary plexus(SCP)and deep capillary plexus(DCP)of the retina were manually delimited with the aid of ImageJ.The reti-na was divided based on two methods.Specifically,according to different concentric circles,the retina could be divided in-to the foveal area,parafoveal area,perifoveal area,annulus6-9,annulus9-12,annulus12-retinal boundary;besides,the ret-ina could also be divided into four quadrants(supratemporal,infratemporal,supranasal,and infranasal quadrants)based on the horizontal and vertical lines centered on the macular fovea.Based on that,the NPA area and ischemia index(ISI)in each layer and subdivision of the two groups of patients were counted.Additionally,the NPA and ISI in different concentric circles and different quadrants of the SCP and DCP were compared between the two groups.Moreover,the distribution characteristics of NPAs as well as the effect of NPAs on NVG were analyzed.Results(1)The NPA area and ISI in the DCP were larger than those in the SCP in both groups(all P＜0.001);the NPA area and ISI in the SCP and DCP of patients in the PDR+NVG group were larger than those in the PDR group(all P＜0.001).(2)In the supratemporal,infratemporal,supranasal,and infranasal quadrants,the NPA area and ISI in the SCP and DCP of patients in the PDR+NVG group were larger than those in the PDR group(all P＜0.01).The NPA area in the inferotemporal quadrant was the largest in the SCP and DCP,respectively,within each group(all P＜0.01).(3)The differences in the NPA area and ISI between the two groups were statistically significant in the annulus6-9,annulus9-12,and annulus12-retinal boundary in the SCP and DCP(all P＜0.01).The differences in the NPA area and ISI were statistically significant between different annular subdivisions in the SCP and DCP within each group(all P＜0.001).The multiple comparison results showed that the NPA area and ISI of the annulus12-retinal boundary in the SCP and DCP were larger than those in other annuli in both groups(all P＜0.05).The NPA area and ISI of the annulus9-12 were larger than those of the parafoveal and perifoveal areas;the NPA area and ISI of the annulus6-9 were larger than those of the parafoveal area(all P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant differ-ence in the NPA area and ISI in the remaining annuli(all P＞0.05).(4)The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the NPA area and ISI in the subnasal quadrant of the SCP were negatively correlated with the risk of NVG sec-ondary to PDR(P=0.036 and 0.038).The increased NPA area and ISI in the subnasal quadrant of the DCP were risk fac-tors for NVG secondary to PDR,and they may increase the risk of NVG(P=0.029 and 0.028).Conclusion The in-creased NPA area and ISI in the subnasal quadrant of the DCP were risk factors for secondary NVG in patients in the PDR group.

The receptor-binding region(RBD)of the spike protein(S)on the surface of porcine epi-demic diarrhea virus(PEDV)is a critical structural domain mediating viral invasion of host cells and serves as a key target for inducing neutralizing antibodies.In order to prepare antibodies that can be used to study the biological function of PEDV RBD and develop novel diagnostic and thera-peutic methods,recombinant RBD protein expressed in Sf9 insect cells was utilized as an immuno-gen to immunize BALB/c mice.Monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)were generated via hybridoma tech-nology,and positive hybridoma clones were screened using indirect ELISA.The reactivity of the mAbs was subsequently characterized.The results of ELISA,Western blot,and indirect immuno-fluorescence assay(IFA)showed that three monoclonal antibodies screened(3E5,4F9 and 5A5)had good reactivity with the virus and RBD protein.Antibody subtype results showed that 3E5 and 4F9 were of IgG1 subtypes and 5A5 was of IgM subtype.Neutralization assay further revealed that 3E5 monoclonal antibody had viral neutralizing activity.In this study,three monoclonal antibodies against PEDV RBD proteins were successfully prepared,providing the basis for the study of the bi-ological function of RBD proteins,PEDV serologic detection and vaccine development.

With the rapid increase in the ownership of MRI equipment in China,quality control,particularly in clinical usage aspects,has become critically important.For clinical quality control of MRI systems,it is essential to establish comprehensive workflow principles encompassing multiple elements such as personnel,equipment,standards,tools and methodologies.To advance the standardization and widespread adoption of clinical quality control for MRI equipment,efforts must focus on strengthening regulatory frameworks,advancing phantom research,development and enhancing professional expertise.Concurrently,continuous improvements in training programs and supervision mechanisms are necessary to ensure the effective implementation of MRI clinical quality control practices.Furthermore,in the era of digital healthcare,clinical quality assurance for MRI equipment is evolving toward automation and intelligent solutions,providing higher-quality and more efficient assurance for clinical applications.

Purpose To measure the spatial resolution in MRI quality control testing automatically based on the American College of Radiology(ACR)phantom using the support vector machine(SVM)method,and the feasibility,accuracy and measurement speed of this method are explored.Materials and Methods Quality control tests were performed using eight MRI devices at Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University.A retrospective study was conducted on 71 MRI quality control test images collected based on ACR phantoms between 2017 and 2019.The images were preprocessed by binarization,extraction region of interest and so on.An SVM-based classification model was constructed for analyzing the spatial resolution of dot arrays in row and column directions.The dataset was randomly split into a training set and a test set.The generalization performance of the classification model in this study was evaluated through accuracy,precision,recall and F1 score on the test set.Comparing the results of spatial resolution measurements obtained by both manual and automatic method,we demonstrated the feasibility and accuracy of the method.Additionally,the time taken for the automatic spatial resolution measurement was recorded.Results In this study,the proposed method of automatically measuring the spatial resolution of ACR phantom test images using SVM was feasible,high accuracy and short time.In classification performance test,the accuracy of the spatial resolution of the row directional latices was 95%,the precision was 100%.The accuracy of the spatial resolution of the column directional latices was 97%,the precision was 100%.Among the test cases,the results of automatic measurements matched those of manual measurements in 13 out of 14 cases.On average,automatic spatial resolution measurement took 0.158 seconds per case.Conclusion This study achieves automatic measurement of spatial resolution in MRI quality control based on the ACR phantom using SVM method.The method demonstrates high accuracy and fast measurement speeds,holding significant implications for future rapid MRI quality control stability testing.