Osteoporosis is a common senile bone metabolism disease， clinically characterized by decreased bone mass， destruction of bone microstructure， increased bone fragility， and easy fracture. It tends to occur in the elderly and postmenopausal women， seriously threatening the quality of life and physical and mental health of the elderly. At present， the treatment of osteoporosis is mainly based on oral western medicines， such as calcium， Vitamin D， and bisphosphonates. Still， there are drawbacks such as a long medication cycle and many adverse reactions. In recent years， due to the advantages of multi-component， multi-pathway， and multi-target， some traditional Chinese medicines and effective ingredients can regulate the osteogenic and osteoclastic differentiation process in both directions and are widely used in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Hippophae rhamnoides is a commonly used herbal medicine， and its fruits are rich in flavonoids， polyphenols， fatty acids， vitamins， and trace elements， which have been proven to have a good anti-osteoporosis effect. Isorhamnetin is the main effective ingredient of Hippophae rhamnoides fruits， which has many pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammation， anti-oxidative stress， anti-aging， and anti-tumor. Studies have shown that isorhamnetin can participate in the regulation of bone metabolism and has a good anti-osteoporosis effect. However， the pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of isorhamnetin against osteoporosis have not been systematically summarized. Therefore， this paper reviewed the pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of isorhamnetin against osteoporosis by referring to relevant literature to provide more basis for the development and application of isorhamnetin.

Objective To investigate the cognition level and behavior compliance of blood pressure measurement in community residents and analyze the related influencing factors, and to provide evidence for community health management and blood pressure control. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate 4470 community patients. Questionnaires included basic personal information，blood pressure measurement cognition, and blood pressure measurement behavior related issues. SPSS 19.0 was used to analyze the basic information, blood pressure measurement cognition, and pressure measurement behavior of the survey subjects. Logistic regression was performed to analyze relevant factors affecting blood pressure measurement cognition and behavior compliance. Results The overall cognitive compliance rate for blood pressure measurement among the visiting community patients was 31.52%. Age, education level, and chronic disease had a statistically significant impact on the cognitive knowledge (P<0.05). The overall behavior compliance rate of blood pressure measurement among the community patients was 23.69%. The cognition, age and education had a statistically significant impact on the overall behavior compliance rate of blood pressure measurement (P<0.05). Conclusion The cognitive level and standardized behavior of blood pressure measurement of community patients need to be improved. More attention should be paid to the elderly, low education level residents and community residents without chronic diseases, to promote community residents to form correct and standardized behavior of blood pressure measurement through health education.

ObjectiveTo compare colonoscopy compliance rates under different screening strategies, to explore ways to enhance colonoscopy compliance among residents with colorectal carcinoma. MethodsResidents aged between 50‒80 years were recruited through extensive community outreach and voluntary participation. A total of 210 630 residents who participated in the colorectal carcinoma screening program in Jiading District, Shanghai, between 2013 and 2019 were selected as the research subjects. All subjects underwent a colorectal carcinoma risk assessment questionnaire survey and two fecal occult blood tests (FOBT). Positive results in the initial screening were defined as a positive questionnaire survey or a positive result in at least one FOBT. Participants with positive initial screening results were advised to undergo colonoscopy screening in a hospital. Colonoscopy results were collected from hospital reports and physician follow-ups. Compliance with colonoscopy was analyzed under different screening strategies to identify possible factors influencing residents’ willingness to undergo the procedure. ResultsA total of 21 403 individuals (10.16%) were identified as positive with the questionnaire survey, 31 595 individuals (15.00%) tested positive with at least one FOBT. Combined questionnaire and FOBT positivity was observed in 3 501 individuals (1.66%). Among the 48 453 individuals with positive initial screening results, 17 230 (35.56%) underwent colonoscopy, and a total of 315 cases of colorectal cancer were detected. The sensitivity, specificity value of FOBT initial screening were 83.81% and 84.66%, respectively. According to the combined risk assessment and FOBT initial screening preliminary screening, the lowest colonoscopy compliance rate (25.63%) was observed among individuals with only a positive questionnaire, and the highest compliance rate (52.55%) was among those with both positive questionnaire survey and two positive FOBT results. Multivariate analysis revealed that FOBT positivity had the greatest impact on colonoscopy compliance. Those with one positive FOBT test result were 2.64 times more likely to undergo colonoscopy screening than those with negative FOBT results, while individuals with two positive FOBT results were 3.18 times more likely to do so. After adjusting for FOBT results, individuals with positive questionnaire survey results were 1.43 times more likely to undergo colonoscopy screening than those with negative results (95%CI: 1.34‒1.52). Compared to questionnaire-based risk assessment, FOBT results were more influential in determining compliance with colonoscopy. ConclusionThe choice of initial screening method significantly impacts residents’ compliance with colonoscopy. While implementing colorectal carcinoma screening programs, it is necessary to strictly adhere to screening protocols, including risk assessment and FOBT. Additionally, efforts should be made to raise public awareness, encouraging residents to actively participate in risk assessments and FOBT, thereby improving their compliance with colonoscopy.

Objective:To investigate the effect of roxadustat combined with levocarnitine in the treatment of renal anemia in hemodialysis patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and its effects on iron metabolism, microinflammation status and microvascular complications.Methods:The clinical data of 89 hemodialysis renal anemia patients with DKD from January 2020 to October 2021 in Beijing Geriatric Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 44 patients (control group)were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin and levocarnitine for renal anemia, and 45 patients (study group) were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin, levocarnitine and roxadustat for renal anemia. Both groups were treated for 3 months. The efficacy was compared between two groups. The laboratory indexes were measured before treatment and after 1, 3 months of treatment, including anemia related indexes such as hemoglobin, red blood cell count and mean corpuscular volume (MCV); iron metabolism indexes such as serum iron, ferritin and transferrin saturation (TSAT); inflammatory indexes such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The adverse reactions were recorded. The patients were followed up for 1 year after treatment, the incidence of diabetic microvascular complications, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), was recorded.Results:The total effective rate in study group was significantly higher than that in control group: 93.33% (42/45) vs. 77.27% (34/44), and there was statistical difference ( χ2 = 4.60, P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in the laboratory indexes before treatment between two groups ( P<0.05); the hemoglobin, red blood cell count, MCV, serum iron, ferritin and TSAT after 1 and 3 months of treatment in study group were significantly higher than those in control group, the IL-8, CRP and TNF-α were significantly lower than those in control group, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01 or <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between two groups ( P>0.05). After 1 year follow-up, 2 cases were lost in study group and 3 cases in the control group. The incidence of DR and DPN in study group were significantly lower than those in control group: 0 vs. 14.63% (6/41) and 2.33% (1/43) vs. 19.51% (8/41), and there were statistical differences ( χ2 = 4.75 and 4.81, P<0.05). Conclusions:Roxadustat combined with levocarnitine in the treatment of renal anemia in hemodialysis patients with DKD is reliable and safe, and can effectively relieve anemia symptoms, improve iron metabolism, reduce inflammatory response, and reduce the risk of diabetic microvascular complications.

Objective Establishment and evaluation of a mouse model of aldosterone-induced multi-organ damage.Methods Twenty mice were randomly divided into four groups,with five mice in each group:a blank control group(0 μg/(kg·d)),a low-dose aldosterone group(150 μg/(kg·d))),a medium-dose aldosterone group(300 μg/(kg d)),and a high-dose aldosterone group(450 pug/(kg·d)).Aldosterone-containing osmotic minipumps were surgically implanted under the skin,and aldosterone was infused for 4 weeks to establish the aldosterone-induced damage model.The body weight and blood pressure of the mice were recorded weekly.After the 4 week modeling period,the mice were euthanized,and their tissues were collected for observation and analysis of blood pressure and histological morphology of various organs.Results(1)After 4 weeks of aldosterone infusion,the serum aldosterone levels were significantly increased in the medium-dose and high-dose aldosterone groups,but not in the low-dose aldosterone group.(2)After the implantation of osmotic minipumps,the systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in the low-dose,medium-dose,and high-dose aldosterone groups during the second and third weeks,but decreased in all these groups during the fourth week.(3)The kidney and heart in the low-dose,medium-dose,and high-dose aldosterone groups showed varying degrees of damage,interstitial edema,collagen deposition,and fibrotic lesions.The liver in the low-dose aldosterone group showed a small amount of collagen deposition,while the medium-dose and high-dose aldosterone groups showed varying degrees of hepatocyte damage,collagen deposition,and fibrotic lesions.Conclusions Aldosterone can induce multi-organ damage in mice.Under this modeling method,organ damage is mainly manifested as edema,collagen deposition,and fibrotic lesions.

The comparison between traditional Chinese medicine Jinzhen oral liquid (JZOL) and Western medicine in treating children with acute bronchitis (AB) showed encouraging outcomes. This trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of the JZOL for improving cough and expectoration in children with AB. 480 children were randomly assigned to take JZOL or ambroxol hydrochloride and clenbuterol hydrochloride oral solution for 7 days. The primary outcome was time-to-cough resolution. The median time-to-cough resolution in both groups was 5.0 days and the antitussive onset median time was only 1 day. This randomized controlled trial showed that JZOL was not inferior to cough suppressant and phlegm resolving western medicine in treating cough and sputum and could comprehensively treat respiratory and systemic discomfort symptoms. Combined with clinical trials, the mechanism of JZOL against AB was uncovered by network target analysis, it was found that the pathways in TRP channels like IL-1β/IL1R/TRPV1/TRPA1, NGF/TrkA/TRPV1/TRPA1, and PGE2/EP/PKA/TRPV1/TRPA1 might play important roles. Animal experiments further confirmed that inflammation and the immune regulatory effect of JZOL in the treatment of AB were of vital importance and TRP channels were the key mechanism of action.

METTL3 and METTL14 are two components that form the core heterodimer of the main RNA m6A methyltransferase complex (MTC) that installs m6A. Surprisingly, depletion of METTL3 or METTL14 displayed distinct effects on stemness maintenance of mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC). While comparable global hypo-methylation in RNA m6A was observed in Mettl3 or Mettl14 knockout mESCs, respectively. Mettl14 knockout led to a globally decreased nascent RNA synthesis, whereas Mettl3 depletion resulted in transcription upregulation, suggesting that METTL14 might possess an m6A-independent role in gene regulation. We found that METTL14 colocalizes with the repressive H3K27me3 modification. Mechanistically, METTL14, but not METTL3, binds H3K27me3 and recruits KDM6B to induce H3K27me3 demethylation independent of METTL3. Depletion of METTL14 thus led to a global increase in H3K27me3 level along with a global gene suppression. The effects of METTL14 on regulation of H3K27me3 is essential for the transition from self-renewal to differentiation of mESCs. This work reveals a regulatory mechanism on heterochromatin by METTL14 in a manner distinct from METTL3 and independently of m6A, and critically impacts transcriptional regulation, stemness maintenance, and differentiation of mESCs.
Animals ; Mice ; Methylation ; Chromatin ; Histones/metabolism* ; RNA, Messenger/genetics* ; Methyltransferases/metabolism* ; RNA/metabolism*

ObjectiveTo understand the changes of health related behaviors among residents with chronic diseases，and to provide a reference for targeted health intervention. MethodsBased on the surveillance data of chronic diseases and relevant risk factors of the residents in Huangpu District from 2014 to 2019. The study focused on health related behaviors and sociodemographic characteristics which was analyzed by chi-square test. The Cochran-Armitage trend chi-squared test was used to analyze the standardization rate. ResultsSeveral behaviors had been ameliorated such as the health examinations （Z=-3.667， P<0.001）， the measurement of blood glucose （Z=-5.793， P<0.001）， daily vegetables consumption （Z=-5.741， P<0.001）， daily animal food consumption （Z=-23.214， P<0.001）， daily physical activity （Z=-18.361， P<0.001）， sedentary behavior （Z=4.190， P<0.001）， and current smoking （Z=4.615， P<0.001）. ConclusionAn improving trend of health behaviors is found among Huangpu District residents．Targeted health education and health promotion should be carried out according to the characteristics of the population in the future.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of different doses of paricalcitol combined with cinacalcet in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Methods:The clinical data of 90 patients with MHD combined with SHPT from December 2020 to December 2022 in Beijing Geriatric Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 30 patients were treated with cinacalcet (control group), 30 patients were treated with fixed dose paricalcitol combined with cinacalcet (experimental group A), and 30 patients were treated with adjusting dose of paricalcitol based on the level of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) combined with cinacalcet (experimental group B). All patients were continuously treated for 8 weeks. The blood calcium, blood phosphorus, iPTH, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, type Ⅰ collagen carboxy terminal peptide cross-linking (β-CTX), N-terminal medium molecule fragment of calcium (N-MID), fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and Klotho protein before treatment and after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment were detected; coronary artery calcification (CAC) score and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) score were evaluated. The adverse reactions were recorded.Results:There were no statistical differences in the indexes before treatment among three groups ( P>0.05). There were no statistical differences in blood calcium and blood phosphorus after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment among three groups ( P>0.05). After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, the iPTH, β-CTX, osteoprotegerin, N-MID, osteocalcin and FGF-23 in experimental group A and experimental group B were significantly lower than those in control group, after 4 weeks of treatment: (936.99 ± 202.36) and (635.74 ± 135.44) ng/L vs. (1 028.56 ± 11.39) ng/L, (1.85 ± 0.32) and (1.50 ± 0.27) μg/L vs. (2.27 ± 0.69) μg/L, (71.18 ± 6.98) and (64.33 ± 7.87) ng/L vs. (80.15 ± 10.85) ng/L, (106.36 ± 14.42) and (92.64 ± 11.32) μg/L vs. (135.19 ± 15.18) μg/L, (66.17 ± 8.52) and (60.21 ± 7.85) μg/L vs. (73.15 ± 9.44) μg/L, (109.17 ± 11.24) and (98.50 ± 10.36) ng/L vs. (126.18 ± 15.64) ng/L; after 8 weeks of treatment: (632.17 ± 154.98) and (526.85 ± 98.45) ng/L vs. (819.85 ± 169.78) ng/L, (1.33 ± 0.15) and (1.15 ± 0.20) μg/L vs. (1.78 ± 0.27) μg/L, (65.78 ± 9.74) and (52.77 ± 7.18) ng/L vs. (74.26 ± 11.58) ng/L, (85.64 ± 11.62) and (70.25 ± 8.59) μg/L vs. (105.92 ± 19.17) μg/L, (48.17 ± 5.99) and (41.15 ± 6.44) μg/L vs. (59.24 ± 6.87) μg/L, (90.15 ± 11.25) and (82.58 ± 9.74) ng/L vs. (105.26 ± 14.35) ng/L, the indexes in experimental group B were significantly lower than those in experimental group A, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, the Klotho protein in experimental group A and experimental group B was significantly higher than that in control group, after 4 weeks of treatment: (124.25 ± 14.85) and (146.31 ± 16.85) U/L vs. (107.26 ± 11.36) U/L, after 8 weeks of treatment: (135.62 ± 16.87) and (150.24 ± 17.43) U/L vs. (115.56 ± 15.48) U/L, the Klotho protein in experimental group B was significantly higher than that in experimental group A, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, the CAC score and AAC score in experimental group A and experimental group B were significantly lower than those in control group, the indexes in experimental group B were significantly lower than those in experimental group A, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of adverse reactions among three groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with the fixed dose of paricalcitol combined with cinacalcet therapy, the adjusting the dosage of paricalcitol combined with cinacalcet therapy based on iPTH level has more definite therapeutic effects in patients with MHD combined with SHPT, which can improve bone metabolism and reduce vascular calcification.

OBJECTIVE：To interpret the key points in local standard Specification for Pharmacy Intravenous Centralized Admixture（DB11/T 1701-2019）（Beijing Local Standard for short ）in Beijing ，and to provide guidance and reference for managers of medical institutions and staff of PIVAS to deeply understand the standard and further improve the quality of PIVAS in medical institutions. METHODS ：The background and main content of Beijing Local Standard were interpreted in detail ，and then compared with Quality Specification of Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture （National Specification for short ）promulgated by Chinese National Ministry of Public Health and Quality Specification of Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services of Guangdong Provincial （Trial）（Specification of Guangdong Province for short ）promulgated by Guangdong Pharmaceutical Association. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS：Beijing Local Standard had been promulgated and implemented by Beijing Municipal Administration for Market Regulation on April 1st，2020. The text of Beijing Local Standard is divided into 7 parts，mainly including the scope of application，normative references ，terms and definitions ，basic requirement ，environmental requirements （design，location， layout），equipment and facilities （ventilation system and console ，operation and maintenance ），and admixture requirements. Beijing Local Standard further refines the relevant contents on the basis of following the requirements of National Specification . Like Specification of Guangdong Province ，the applicability and operability of the standard are enhanced by combining their local characteristics and practice status. As the first local standard in this domain ，the local standard is expected to promote the improvement of the working quality of PIVAS in Beijing ，enable the PIVAS of proposed construction ，under construction and operation maintenance to meet uniform standards and reduce the failure of acceptance or reconstruction after completion.