Objective To analyze the relationship between 15 immunophenotypes of peripheral blood T cells and age and gender in healthy adults in the Dalian area. Methods A total of 277 healthy adults admitted to the physical examination center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from October 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects,including 154 males and 123 females. They were divided into three groups according to age:young group(18～44 years,n=103),middle-aged group(45～60 years,n=114) and old age group(>60 years,n=60). Flow cytometry was used to determine immunophenotypes of T cells,including the absolute count and proportion of na?ve cells (N),central memory (CM),effector memory (EM),terminal effector memory (TEM),activation (HLA-DR+) and senescence (CD28-) CD4+and CD8+T cells,and the differences of them among age and gender were analyzed. Spearman correlation analysis was also used to evaluate the correlation between age and immunophenotypes of T cells. Results Compared with the young group,the absolute count and proportion of CD8+TEM,CD4+HLA-DR+,CD8+HLA-DR+and CD8+CD28-T lymphoaytes cells were increased in the middle-aged group and old age group (Z=2.009～6.607),while the absolute count and proportion of CD8+N T cells were decreased in the middle-aged group (Z=5.574～7.999) and old age group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05),respectively. Compared with the female group,the absolute count and proportion of CD8+CM,CD8+HLA-DR+and CD8+CD28-T cells were increased in the female group (Z=2.945～6.131),while the absolute count and proportion of CD3+,CD4+and CD8+N T cells were decreased in the male group (Z=2.075～4.225),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05),respectively. Spearman correlation analysis showed that age was positively correlated with the absolute count and proportion of CD4+CM,CD4+HLA-DR+,CD4+CD28-,CD8+TEM,CD8+HLA-DR+and CD8+CD28-T lymphocytes cells (r=0.125～0.479,all P<0.05),while negatively correlated the absolute count and proportion of CD4+N and CD8+N T lymphocytes cells (r=-0.538～-0.148,all P<0.05). Conclusion The 15 immunophenotypes of peripheral blood T lymphocytes cells in healthy adults from Dalian area are affected by age and gender,so it is necessary to establish a suitable local reference interval to provide a more accurate reference for immune function assessment.

Objective To analyze the relationship between 15 immunophenotypes of peripheral blood T cells and age and gender in healthy adults in the Dalian area. Methods A total of 277 healthy adults admitted to the physical examination center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from October 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects,including 154 males and 123 females. They were divided into three groups according to age:young group(18～44 years,n=103),middle-aged group(45～60 years,n=114) and old age group(>60 years,n=60). Flow cytometry was used to determine immunophenotypes of T cells,including the absolute count and proportion of na?ve cells (N),central memory (CM),effector memory (EM),terminal effector memory (TEM),activation (HLA-DR+) and senescence (CD28-) CD4+and CD8+T cells,and the differences of them among age and gender were analyzed. Spearman correlation analysis was also used to evaluate the correlation between age and immunophenotypes of T cells. Results Compared with the young group,the absolute count and proportion of CD8+TEM,CD4+HLA-DR+,CD8+HLA-DR+and CD8+CD28-T lymphoaytes cells were increased in the middle-aged group and old age group (Z=2.009～6.607),while the absolute count and proportion of CD8+N T cells were decreased in the middle-aged group (Z=5.574～7.999) and old age group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05),respectively. Compared with the female group,the absolute count and proportion of CD8+CM,CD8+HLA-DR+and CD8+CD28-T cells were increased in the female group (Z=2.945～6.131),while the absolute count and proportion of CD3+,CD4+and CD8+N T cells were decreased in the male group (Z=2.075～4.225),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05),respectively. Spearman correlation analysis showed that age was positively correlated with the absolute count and proportion of CD4+CM,CD4+HLA-DR+,CD4+CD28-,CD8+TEM,CD8+HLA-DR+and CD8+CD28-T lymphocytes cells (r=0.125～0.479,all P<0.05),while negatively correlated the absolute count and proportion of CD4+N and CD8+N T lymphocytes cells (r=-0.538～-0.148,all P<0.05). Conclusion The 15 immunophenotypes of peripheral blood T lymphocytes cells in healthy adults from Dalian area are affected by age and gender,so it is necessary to establish a suitable local reference interval to provide a more accurate reference for immune function assessment.

[Objective] To explore the effects of dyslipidemia and obesity on high-risk prostate cancer, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. [Methods] The clinical data of 175 patients with prostate cancer admitted to our hospital during Jun.2016 and Jun.2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 122 high-risk prostate cancer and 53 non-high-risk prostate cancer.The logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of high-risk prostate cancer.Evaluate the predictive value and optimal cutoff value of risk factors such as age, cholesterol, body mass index (BMI), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for the occurrence of high-risk prostate cancer through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Spearman analysis was used to investigate the correlation between Gleason scores and different risk factors. [Results] The age, BMI, cholesterol, PSA, incidence of obesity (BIM≥25) and high cholesterol in the high-risk prostate cancer group were all higher than those in the non-high-risk prostate cancer group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that age (OR=1.097, 95%CI: 1.005-1.198, P=0.039), obesity (OR=4.459, 95%CI: 1.305-15.239, P=0.017), PSA (OR=1.170, 95%CI: 1.069-1.280, P=0.001), and cholesterol (OR=5.544, 95%CI: 1.304-23.577, P=0.020) were risk factors for high-risk prostate cancer.The ROC curve showed that the optimal cutoff values for age, cholesterol, BMI, and PSA were 74.50 years (AUC: 0.748, 95%CI: 0.678-0.818), 3.70 mmol/L (AUC: 0.800, 95%CI: 0.731-0.870), 24.97 (AUC: 0.621, 95%CI: 0.532-0.711), and 18.67 ng/mL (AUC: 0.864, 95%CI: 0.813-0.916), respectively, and the combined prediction value of age, cholesterol, BMI, and PSA for high-risk prostate cancer was the highest (AUC: 0.931, 95%CI: 0.895-0.967). The age (r=0.464, P<0.001), BMI (r=0.222, P=0.003), cholesterol (r=0.501, P<0.001), and PSA (r=0.473, P<0.001) were positively correlated with Gleason by Spearman analysis. [Conclusion] Obesity, age, PSA, and cholesterol level are independent risk factors for high-risk prostate cancer.When the age is ≥74.50 years, cholesterol level is ≥3.70 mmol/L, BMI is ≥24.97, PSA level is ≥18.67 ng/mL, the possibility of developing high-risk prostate cancer is high.

Objective:To detect the immunophenotype of B cell subsets in peripheral blood of patients with primary Sjogren′s syndrome (pSS) and explore the clinical significance of B cell subsets in pSS.Methods:This is a retrospective case-control study. A total of 25 pSS patients treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from March 1st 2023 to February 28th 2024 were enrolled (pSS group). The mean age of the pSS group was 62.0±11.9 years old, including 25 female. Besides, 25 female healthy subjects were selected as the control group (HC group) during the tudy period, with a mean age of 57.6±11.2 years old. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of B cell subsets in peripheral blood. In our study, pSS patients were divided into<60 years old group (15 cases) and≥60 years old group (10 cases). pSS patients were divided into ESSDAI score<5 group (9 cases) and ESSDAI score≥5 group (16 cases) according to ESSDAI score. Besides, they were further divided into no system damage group (7 cases) and combined system damage group (18 cases). According to the expression of anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies, pSS patients were divided into anti-SSA antibody negative group (7 cases), anti-SSA antibody positive group (18 cases), anti-SSB negative group (17 cases) and anti-SSB positive group (8 cases). Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the distribution difference of B cell subsets between the two groups, and Spearman correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between B cell subsets and laboratory indicators and ESSDAI scores of pSS patients. Results:In comparison to the HC group, the pSS group exhibited a statistically significant increase in the proportions of na?ve B cells, CD19 +CD20 +B cells and plasmablast cells, alongside a decrease in the proportions of unswitched memory B cells, switched memory B cells and regulatory B cells, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The proportion of plasmablast cells was significantly higher in the ESSDAI score≥5 group than that in the ESSDAI score<5 group [1.20% (1.00%, 1.38%) vs. 0.5% (0.38%, 0.65%), Z=2.416, P<0.05]. Conversely, the proportion of regulatory B cells was lower in the ESSDAI score≥5 group compared to the ESSDAI score<5 group [2.50% (2.00%, 2.78%) vs. 5.55% (3.58%, 7.10%), Z=2.775, P<0.05]. The proportion of unswitched memory B cells was significantly lower in the group with systemic injury compared to the group without systemic injury [1.50% (0.85%, 1.70%) vs. 2.45% (1.73%, 2.78%), Z=2.122, P<0.05]. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the ESSDAI score was positively correlated with the proportion of plasmablast cells in patients with pSS (r=0.431, P<0.05), while negatively correlated with the proportion of regulatory B cells in pSS patients ( r=-0.413, P<0.05). Conclusions:There is an increased proportion of plasmablast cells and a reduced proportion of regulatory B cells in the peripheral blood of patients with pSS, and these alterations are strongly correlated with the disease activity of pSS. Consequently, plasmablast cells and regulatory B cells may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pSS.

Diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, collectively referred to the " Three Highs, " represent increasingly prevalent metabolic risk factors in China. Many individuals experience all three conditions concurrently, significantly heightening the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Although the National Metabolic Management Center(MMC) has been established for over eight years and has its unique features, the awareness, treatment, and control rates of these diseases in China remain low, and the efficiency of community management is insufficient. According to the previous two editions of management guidelines and the most recent domestic and international diagnostic and treatment guidelines, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the operational experience and management strategies of the MMC. Its aim is to improve the efficiency of grassroots MMC mode management for " Three Highs" patients and ensure that patients receive more standardized management.

Diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, collectively referred to the " Three Highs, " represent increasingly prevalent metabolic risk factors in China. Many individuals experience all three conditions concurrently, significantly heightening the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Although the National Metabolic Management Center(MMC) has been established for over eight years and has its unique features, the awareness, treatment, and control rates of these diseases in China remain low, and the efficiency of community management is insufficient. According to the previous two editions of management guidelines and the most recent domestic and international diagnostic and treatment guidelines, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the operational experience and management strategies of the MMC. Its aim is to improve the efficiency of grassroots MMC mode management for " Three Highs" patients and ensure that patients receive more standardized management.

Objective:To detect the immunophenotype of B cell subsets in peripheral blood of patients with primary Sjogren′s syndrome (pSS) and explore the clinical significance of B cell subsets in pSS.Methods:This is a retrospective case-control study. A total of 25 pSS patients treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from March 1st 2023 to February 28th 2024 were enrolled (pSS group). The mean age of the pSS group was 62.0±11.9 years old, including 25 female. Besides, 25 female healthy subjects were selected as the control group (HC group) during the tudy period, with a mean age of 57.6±11.2 years old. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of B cell subsets in peripheral blood. In our study, pSS patients were divided into<60 years old group (15 cases) and≥60 years old group (10 cases). pSS patients were divided into ESSDAI score<5 group (9 cases) and ESSDAI score≥5 group (16 cases) according to ESSDAI score. Besides, they were further divided into no system damage group (7 cases) and combined system damage group (18 cases). According to the expression of anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies, pSS patients were divided into anti-SSA antibody negative group (7 cases), anti-SSA antibody positive group (18 cases), anti-SSB negative group (17 cases) and anti-SSB positive group (8 cases). Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the distribution difference of B cell subsets between the two groups, and Spearman correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between B cell subsets and laboratory indicators and ESSDAI scores of pSS patients. Results:In comparison to the HC group, the pSS group exhibited a statistically significant increase in the proportions of na?ve B cells, CD19 +CD20 +B cells and plasmablast cells, alongside a decrease in the proportions of unswitched memory B cells, switched memory B cells and regulatory B cells, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The proportion of plasmablast cells was significantly higher in the ESSDAI score≥5 group than that in the ESSDAI score<5 group [1.20% (1.00%, 1.38%) vs. 0.5% (0.38%, 0.65%), Z=2.416, P<0.05]. Conversely, the proportion of regulatory B cells was lower in the ESSDAI score≥5 group compared to the ESSDAI score<5 group [2.50% (2.00%, 2.78%) vs. 5.55% (3.58%, 7.10%), Z=2.775, P<0.05]. The proportion of unswitched memory B cells was significantly lower in the group with systemic injury compared to the group without systemic injury [1.50% (0.85%, 1.70%) vs. 2.45% (1.73%, 2.78%), Z=2.122, P<0.05]. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the ESSDAI score was positively correlated with the proportion of plasmablast cells in patients with pSS (r=0.431, P<0.05), while negatively correlated with the proportion of regulatory B cells in pSS patients ( r=-0.413, P<0.05). Conclusions:There is an increased proportion of plasmablast cells and a reduced proportion of regulatory B cells in the peripheral blood of patients with pSS, and these alterations are strongly correlated with the disease activity of pSS. Consequently, plasmablast cells and regulatory B cells may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pSS.

【Objective】 To observe the efficacy of abiraterone (AA) in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). 【Methods】 The clinical data of a newly diagnosed metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patient with high risk and high tumor load were analyzed. After operation and endocrine therapy, the disease evolution was observed. Relevant literature was reviewed. 【Results】 After laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, 6-month bicalutamide and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), the total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) was reduced to the lowest of 0.51 ng/mL, and then increased month by month. After domestic abiraterone (trade name: Qingkeshu) in the 8th month was administered for 4 months, tPSA continued to increase to 12.39 ng/mL. The case was then diagnosed as mCRPC. The treatment was adjusted again in the 11th mouth and the patient received AA (trade name: Zeke) combined with prednisone and ADT, and tPSA decreased to 0.17 ng/mL 2 months later. After 14 months of treatment, tPSA remained at about 0.12 ng/mL. Systemic ECT examination indicated that the range of bone metastases decreased and some areas of nuclide concentration turned shallow without obvious adverse reactions. 【Conclusion】 AA combined with prednisone and ADT can produce rapid decline in PSA and a good response in mCRPC patients. It can also significantly slow the progression of bone metastasis and relieve pain symptoms without obvious adverse reactions. Long-term efficacy needs further observation.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of peripheral blood circulating tumor cells (CTC) in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.Methods:Sixty-four patients with prostate cancer who received treatment in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital, China between June 2018 and May 2020 were included in the cancer group. An additional 35 patients with benign prostatic lesions who concurrently received treatment in the same hospital were included in the benign disease group. Twenty male patients with non-prostate disease were included in the control group. Cell enrichment, separation, staining and identification together with Gleason score and pathological stage were subjected to one-way analysis of variance.Results:The percentage of patients with CTC count ≥ 3 in the cancer, benign disease and control groups was 73.43% (47/64), 17.14% (6/35) and 10.00% (2/20), respectively. The level of prostate-specific antigen in patients with CTC was significantly higher than that in patients without CTC ( t = 2.89, P < 0.05). There was significant difference in CTC count between different Gleason score groups ( F = 3.25, P < 0.05) and between different pathological stage groups ( F = 3.42, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Peripheral blood CTC measurement can be used as an auxiliary method for the differentiation of benign and malignant prostate diseases. CTC count in patients with prostate cancer is correlated with prostate-specific antigen level, Gleason score, and pathological stage. Therefore, peripheral blood CTC measurement plays an auxiliary role in predicting prognosis in patients with CTC. This study is innovative and scientific.