Objective To understand the utilization of immunization program vaccines in Liaoning Province and evaluate the vaccine management mode, and to provide a scientific basis for optimizing immunization strategies. Methods The vaccine collection data and vaccine administration data of vaccination units (including obstetric clinics) in the province from 2021 to 2024 were collected, and the vaccine utilization rate of immunization program was calculated. SPSS 13.0 software was used for data analysis, and χ² test was used for comparison. A two-sided P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results (1) From 2021 to 2024, vaccination units and obstetric clinics received a total of 15 993 884 doses of immunization program vaccines, with a total utilization rate of 79.34%. The highest utilization rate was the single-dose vaccine MPSV-AC (94.02%), followed by JE-L (91.92%). The lowest rate of use was the 5-dose strength vaccine MPSV-A (48.12%), followed by the 4-dose strength vaccine DT (63.13%). (2) Comparing MPSV-A and DT in different years, the utilization rate of MPSV-A and DT was the highest in 2021, 59.53% and 67.71%, respectively. From 2021 to 2024, the utilization rate of MPSV-A had a decreasing trend year by year, with the lowest being 38.65% (2024), and the loss coefficient of MPSV-A in each year was higher than that of DT. (3) Comparison of vaccine utilization rates in immunization programs around 2020, the utilization rate of single-dose vaccines increased significantly compared with before, while the utilization rate of multi-dose vaccines decreased compared with before 2020. Conclusion After 2020, the vaccine utilization rate of the immunization program in Liaoning Province has increased significantly, and the optimized vaccine management strategies has achieved remarkable results. Multi-dose vaccines remain highly susceptible to formulation-related factors and vaccination density. It is recommended to formulate precise vaccination strategies to reduce the loss of multi-dose vaccines.

Objective To explore the factors affecting the quality of psychological assistance hotline connections in Shaanxi Province, and to provide a basis for optimizing services. Methods A total of 149 calls with suicidal tendencies were included from January to March 2022, and data were collected by 31 trained assessors through standardized questionnaires (general information, suicide risk, emotional intensity, and wiring characteristics). Results The results showed that 56.38% of the callers were female, with age groups concentrated between ≤ 18 years old (29.53%) and 19-34 years old (43.62%). The call duration was mainly between 31 and 45 minutes (50.34%). Operators conducted a suicide risk assessment on the callers, with 38.9% having a comprehensive assessment, 38.9% having an incomplete assessment, and 22.1% having no assessment. The main mental disorders of the callers were depression (48.32%), anxiety (15.44%), and bipolar disorder (14.77%), with 25.50% having comorbidities of ≥ 2 disorders. Emotional scores were as follows: depression (4.11 ± 0.76), sadness (3.97 ± 1.03), and despair (3.78 ± 1.05). There were significant differences in depression, anger, despair, and sadness among the callers with different levels of danger (t=4.79, 3.35, 15.79, 4.24, all P<0.05). Women had higher levels of fear than men (t=3.10, P<0.01). The longer the call duration, the higher the level of despair (t=5.66, P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that incomplete suicide risk assessment by operators (B=-2.36), general procedures for operators' connections (B=5.44), and technical factors (B=2.01) significantly affected the quality of psychological assistance hotlines (all P<0.05). Conclusion Callers with suicidal tendencies generally have serious mental and psychological problems and prominent negative emotions. Strengthening the suicide risk assessment ability of operators and standardizing processes and service attitudes are key to improving the quality of psychological assistance hotlines.

OBJECTIVE To provide practical basis and policy recommendations for improving the pharmacovigilance （PV） system construction in medical institutions across China. METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted using a mixed sampling strategy of “online random sampling+offline supplementary sampling” to distribute questionnaires among pharmaceutical professionals in tertiary medical institutions nationwide. The questionnaire covered aspects such as the construction of PV systems， job position settings， information system support， operational practices， and multi-stakeholder collaboration. The data were analyzed using descriptive methods and SPSS 20.0 statistical software. RESULTS A total of 70 valid questionnaires were collected from 66 medical institutions， primarily Class A tertiary hospitals. The survey found that 90.00% had designated PV personnel and 74.29% routinely conducted PV activities. However， there were notable disparities in resource allocation and information system capacity， with less than 50% of the institutions conducting post-marketing drug re-evaluation. PV activities were primarily focused on the collection and reporting of adverse drug reactions， with limited capabilities in signal detection and risk assessment. CONCLUSIONS Among the surveyed tertiary hospitals， PV systems have begun to take shape. However， challenges persist in terms of system establishment， resource allocation， risk assessment， and inter-organizational coordination. Policy efforts should focus on strengthening regulatory frameworks， improving information sharing mechanisms， enhancing professional training， and strengthening collaboration between hospitals and market authorization holders to ensure the effective implementation of PV in medical institutions.

Objective:To examine the funding landscape of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)concerning research focused on the elderly as a specific demographic group.It seeks to analyze prevailing research hotspots and to offer insightful research ideas for scholars in this field.Methods:The study employed a retrospective research design.It involved retrieving data on approved projects related to the elderly from the NSFC's official database, covering the period from 2000 to 2020.The data set included variables such as funding year, project title, project category, supporting institution, and funding amount(application codes: H1901, H1902, H1903).Statistical analysis was conducted using Excel software, while visual analysis was performed using CiteSpace software.Results:Between 2000 and 2020, a total of 710 projects focused on geriatrics received funding, amounting to RMB 361, 032, 300, 000.This period exhibited a fluctuating upward trend in both the number of projects and the total funding amount.The primary funding categories were face-to-face projects and youth science fund projects, which together accounted for 44.4%(315/710), 34.4%(244/710)respectively.The distribution of project-relying units demonstrated significant regional imbalance, with Beijing, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Shanghai being the predominant areas.Notably, Nanjing Medical University, Peking University, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University ranked as the top three institutions, with funding percentages of 5.9%(42/710), 5.4%(38/710), and 4.5%(32/710), respectively.The research themes encompassed nucleoplasmic interactions, brain networks, and bioinformatics, among others.Conclusions:The NSFC has consistently provided funding for in-depth research in the critical field of geriatrics.The primary research directions focus on aspects such as the mechanisms of aging and the pathogenesis of neurological diseases associated with aging.With the application of innovative technologies and methodologies, significant breakthroughs and achievements are anticipated in geriatrics, contributing to the improvement of health outcomes and the enhancement of the quality of life for the elderly.

Objective:To investigate the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants(NOACs)and their associated comorbidities in patients aged 80 years and older with non-valvular atrial fibrillation(NVAF), as well as to understand the challenges faced by elderly patients receiving NOAC therapy.Methods:We retrospectively enrolled elderly patients(≥80 years old)with NVAF who were treated with NOACs at a hospital in Beijing from January 2018 to August 2023.Patients were categorized into two age groups: 80-89 years and ≥90 years.We collected baseline data, including demographic characteristics, details of atrial fibrillation, comorbidities, laboratory test results, and medication combinations, for descriptive statistical analysis and intergroup comparisons.Results:A total of 695 elderly patients with NVAF receiving NOACs were included in the study, with a median age of 84 years.Among these patients, there were 328 males(47.19%, 328/695)and 422 cases of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(60.72%, 422/695).The age group of 80-89 years comprised 640 cases(92.09%, 640/695), while the group aged 90 years and above included 55 cases(7.91%, 55/695).The use of NOACs in patients aged 90 and older exhibited an increasing trend over the years.Inter-group comparisons indicated that the ≥90 years group had lower body mass index, longer hospital stays, increased bedridden time, poorer renal function, lower levels of albumin and hemoglobin, and higher D-dimer levels.Inappropriate dosing of DOACs occurred in 49.64%(345/695)of cases, with 90.72%(313/345)receiving doses lower than recommended.Lower-than-recommended doses were more prevalent in the ≥90 years group, while higher-than-recommended doses were more common in the 80-89 years group.Polypharmacy was noted in 61.29%(426/695)of patients.The concurrent use of antiplatelet drugs, rhythm control medications, and ventricular rate control drugs was observed in 12.52%(87/695), 19.57%(136/695), and 54.53%(379/695)of patients, respectively, with no significant differences between groups.Conclusions:Inappropriate dosing and polypharmacy are prevalent issues among elderly NVAF patients.Therefore, it is essential to enhance multidisciplinary collaboration to optimize anticoagulation treatment strategies.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of a domestic hair follicle extraction system versus traditional follicular unit excision (FUE) in extracting hair follicles for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) .Methods:A multicenter, randomized, self-controlled clinical trial was conducted on AGA patients aged 18 - 59 years who were recruited from the Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, the Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, and the China-Japan Friendship Hospital between June 2023 and September 2024. Each patient's scalp was randomly divided into two sides (experimental side vs. control side) using an envelope method. The experimental side underwent robotic hair transplantation with a domestic hair follicle extraction system, and the control side underwent traditional FUE. Hair follicles were extracted from the safe donor area in the occipital region, and implanted into the ipsilateral hair loss area. The primary outcome was the hair transection rate which was calculated immediately after follicular extraction. The secondary outcomes included the hair follicle unit loss rate and the change in hair density at the recipient site on postoperative day 14. Safety was evaluated by assessing the incidence of folliculitis at the donor site on postoperative day 14 and the overall incidence of adverse events. Surgical outcomes were evaluated at 9 months after surgery. Comparisons of evaluation indicators among groups were performed by using a paired t test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results:A total of 55 patients with AGA (51 males and 4 females, aged 32.71 ± 5.75 years) completed the hair follicle transplantation and postoperative follow-up. The hair transection rate ( M[ Q1, Q3]) was 6.65% (4.56%, 10.16%) in the experimental group and 5.28% (3.04%, 8.89%) in the control group (difference = 1.24%, 95% CI: -0.24%, 2.65%) . The hair follicle unit loss rate was 2.00% (1.00%, 3.50%) in the experimental group and 0.50% (0, 2.00%) in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups ( P = 0.008) . On postoperative day 14, there was no significant difference in the hair density between the experimental group and control group (72.20 ± 25.95 per cm 2vs. 76.49 ± 30.84 per cm 2, P = 0.173) . At 9-month follow-up, both groups showed improvement in the investigator's overall score in the recipient areas. Seven adverse events occurred in 7 subjects (12.72%) in each group, and all were mild folliculitis. Conclusion:The domestic hair follicle extraction system demonstrated comparable efficacy and safety to the traditional FUE in hair transplantation.

Objective:To compare surgical-related indicators between non-inflated subclavian endoscopic surgery and axillary and traditional open surgery for the treatment of right lobe thyroid cancer,as well as their effects on postoperative anterior cervical function and cosmetic outcomes.Methods:This retrospective cohort study analyzed 151 cases of thyroid cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment at the Department of Thyroid Surgery,Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from June 2024 to October 2024. Based on the surgical approach,patients were divided into three groups:56 cases of traditional open surgery group, 44 cases of non-inflated axillary approach group,and 51 cases of non-inflated subclavian approach group. Comparative indicators included surgical time, parathyroid autotransplantation rate,complete exposure rate of central area, number of lymph node dissections, number of positive lymph nodes, anterior cervical function, and satisfaction with incision beauty. One-way analysis of variance,non-parametric test,Kruskal-Wallis test,Pearson χ2 test and Fisher′s exact probability method were used to compare the results of the three groups and subsequent pairwise comparisons,respectively. Results:All laparoscopic surgeries were successfully completed without conversion to open surgery. (1) Surgical time:the traditional open surgery group had the shortest operative time ( M(IQR))(71.5(16.0)minutes), significantly shorter than both endoscopic groups (both P<0.01); among the endoscopic approaches, the non-inflated subclavian approach group (97.0(10.0)minutes) had a significantly shorter operative time than the non-inflated axillary approach group (115.0(11.0)minutes)( P<0.01). (2) Parathyroid autotransplantation rate:the rates were 53.6%(30/56) in the traditional group, 70.5%(31/44) in the non-inflated axillary approach group, and 66.7%(34/51) in the non-inflated subclavian approach group, with no statistically significant differences ( P>0.05). (3) Complete exposure rate of the central area:the exposure rate was 100%(56/56) in the traditional open surgery group, 86.4%(38/44) in the non-inflated axillary approach group, and 96.1%(49/51) in the non-inflated subclavian approach group. A significant difference was observed between the traditional open surgery group and the non-inflated axillary approach group ( χ2=8.124, P<0.01), but not observed between other groups. (4) Number of lymph node dissection:no significant difference was found among the three groups (8(6)(range:2 to 17) in the traditional open surgery group,7(3)(range:2 to 16) in the non-inflated axillary approach group,7(4)(range:2 to 16) in the non-inflated subclavian approach group)( P=0.078).(5) Number of positive lymph nodes:no significant differences were observed among the three groups( P=0.923). (6) Postoperative anterior cervical function:① Visual analogue scale: there was no significant difference between the non-insufflation transaxillary approach group and the non-insufflation subclavian approach group at 3 days and 1 month postoperatively ( P>0.017). However, the two groups had significantly lower scores than the traditional open group (both P<0.01). ② Neck disability index:at 3 days post-surgery, there were significantly lower in the axillary and subclavian groups compared to the traditional open group ( P<0.01), with no significant difference between the two endoscopic groups( P>0.017); at 1 month postoperatively, the traditional open surgery group, gasless axillary approach group, and gasless subclavian approach group, with statistically significant differences between each group (both P<0.01). ③ Swallowing disorder index: no significant differences were observed at 3 days post-surgery( P>0.05); however, at 1 month post-surgery, the endoscopic groups showed significantly lower scores compared to the traditional open group(both P<0.01).(7) Satisfaction with incision beauty:significant differences were found among the three groups in terms of vancouver scar scores, patient scar assessment scores, and observer scar assessment scores(all P<0.01). Conclusions:Compared to the non-inflated axillary endoscopic thyroidectomy, the non-inflated subclavian approach offers a technically simpler procedure, better exposure of the central lymph node dissection area, and superior protection of anterior cervical function, although it results in less favorable cosmetic outcomes. Under strict preoperative evaluation and appropriate indications,both non-inflated subclavian and axillary approaches can achieve outcomes comparable to traditional open surgery for cN0 thyroid cancer,demonstrating good clinical application value.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of a domestic hair follicle extraction system versus traditional follicular unit excision (FUE) in extracting hair follicles for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) .Methods:A multicenter, randomized, self-controlled clinical trial was conducted on AGA patients aged 18 - 59 years who were recruited from the Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, the Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, and the China-Japan Friendship Hospital between June 2023 and September 2024. Each patient's scalp was randomly divided into two sides (experimental side vs. control side) using an envelope method. The experimental side underwent robotic hair transplantation with a domestic hair follicle extraction system, and the control side underwent traditional FUE. Hair follicles were extracted from the safe donor area in the occipital region, and implanted into the ipsilateral hair loss area. The primary outcome was the hair transection rate which was calculated immediately after follicular extraction. The secondary outcomes included the hair follicle unit loss rate and the change in hair density at the recipient site on postoperative day 14. Safety was evaluated by assessing the incidence of folliculitis at the donor site on postoperative day 14 and the overall incidence of adverse events. Surgical outcomes were evaluated at 9 months after surgery. Comparisons of evaluation indicators among groups were performed by using a paired t test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results:A total of 55 patients with AGA (51 males and 4 females, aged 32.71 ± 5.75 years) completed the hair follicle transplantation and postoperative follow-up. The hair transection rate ( M[ Q1, Q3]) was 6.65% (4.56%, 10.16%) in the experimental group and 5.28% (3.04%, 8.89%) in the control group (difference = 1.24%, 95% CI: -0.24%, 2.65%) . The hair follicle unit loss rate was 2.00% (1.00%, 3.50%) in the experimental group and 0.50% (0, 2.00%) in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups ( P = 0.008) . On postoperative day 14, there was no significant difference in the hair density between the experimental group and control group (72.20 ± 25.95 per cm 2vs. 76.49 ± 30.84 per cm 2, P = 0.173) . At 9-month follow-up, both groups showed improvement in the investigator's overall score in the recipient areas. Seven adverse events occurred in 7 subjects (12.72%) in each group, and all were mild folliculitis. Conclusion:The domestic hair follicle extraction system demonstrated comparable efficacy and safety to the traditional FUE in hair transplantation.

OBJECTIVE To enhance the training quality of anticoagulation specialty clinical pharmacists,address the resource limitations of a single training base,and promote homogenization of training quality.METHODS A multi-base joint training system for anticoagulation specialty clinical pharmacists in the Beijing area was established.A mixed research method was employed,collecting data through performance comparisons,questionnaires,and qualitative interviews to compare the differences between the joint training model(experimental group,n=16)and traditional teaching model(the control group,n=17).RESULTS The established joint training system encompassed a unified joint training teaching plan,the formation of a joint training teaching team,the establishment of joint theoretical teaching courses,the implementation of joint case discussions and literature presentations,as well as strengthening the assessment throughout the joint training process.Compared to the control group[theoretical assessment of(76.44±3.66)points,case assessment of(84.31±3.27)points],the experimental group students achieved higher scores in theoretical assessment[(79.85±4.64)points]and case assessment[(88.70±5.51)points](P＜0.05).Through questionnaires and qualitative interviews,the trainees in experimental group were highly satisfied with the joint training model in terms of theoretical learning,communication skills,and teaching interaction.CONCLUSIONS The multi-base collaborative training system for anticoagulation specialty clinical pharmacists can integrate advantageous resources and significantly enhance the training effectiveness of anticoagulation specialty clinical pharmacists,offering value for wider promotion.

Objective:To examine the funding landscape of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)concerning research focused on the elderly as a specific demographic group.It seeks to analyze prevailing research hotspots and to offer insightful research ideas for scholars in this field.Methods:The study employed a retrospective research design.It involved retrieving data on approved projects related to the elderly from the NSFC's official database, covering the period from 2000 to 2020.The data set included variables such as funding year, project title, project category, supporting institution, and funding amount(application codes: H1901, H1902, H1903).Statistical analysis was conducted using Excel software, while visual analysis was performed using CiteSpace software.Results:Between 2000 and 2020, a total of 710 projects focused on geriatrics received funding, amounting to RMB 361, 032, 300, 000.This period exhibited a fluctuating upward trend in both the number of projects and the total funding amount.The primary funding categories were face-to-face projects and youth science fund projects, which together accounted for 44.4%(315/710), 34.4%(244/710)respectively.The distribution of project-relying units demonstrated significant regional imbalance, with Beijing, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Shanghai being the predominant areas.Notably, Nanjing Medical University, Peking University, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University ranked as the top three institutions, with funding percentages of 5.9%(42/710), 5.4%(38/710), and 4.5%(32/710), respectively.The research themes encompassed nucleoplasmic interactions, brain networks, and bioinformatics, among others.Conclusions:The NSFC has consistently provided funding for in-depth research in the critical field of geriatrics.The primary research directions focus on aspects such as the mechanisms of aging and the pathogenesis of neurological diseases associated with aging.With the application of innovative technologies and methodologies, significant breakthroughs and achievements are anticipated in geriatrics, contributing to the improvement of health outcomes and the enhancement of the quality of life for the elderly.