Objective:To investigate the mediating effect of psychological flexibility between recurrence risk perception and health behavior in stroke patients.Methods:From July to December 2024, 233 stroke patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected using convenience sampling. Electronic questionnaires were used to collect patients' general information, perception of stroke recurrence risk, health behavior, and psychological flexibility.Results:The scores for recurrence risk perception, psychological flexibility, and health behavior of 233 stroke patients were (39.75±4.39), (47.45±4.19), and (54.04±3.78), respectively. Health behavior were positively correlated with recurrence risk perception ( r=0.495, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with psychological flexibility ( r=-0.367, P<0.01). Psychological flexibility partially mediated the relationship between recurrence risk perception and health behavior, with an effect value of 0.080 and an effect proportion of 17.5% (0.080/0.458) . Conclusions:Recurrence risk perception not only directly predicts health behavior in stroke patients but also indirectly influences their health behavior through psychological flexibility. Healthcare providers should enhance recurrence risk perception among stroke patients and incorporate the improvement of psychological flexibility as part of intervention strategies to improve patients' health behavior.

The ambiguity of etiology makes temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) "difficult-to-treat". Emerging evidence underscores the therapeutic promise of exosomes in osteoarthritis management. Nonetheless, challenges such as low yields and insignificant efficacy of current exosome therapies necessitate significant advances. Addressing lower strontium (Sr) levels in arthritic synovial microenvironment, we studied the effect of Sr element on exosomes and miRNA selectively loading in synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs). Here, we developed an optimized system that boosts the yield of SMSC-derived exosomes (SMSC-EXOs) and improves their miRNA profiles with an elevated proportion of beneficial miRNAs, while reducing harmful ones by pretreating SMSCs with Sr. Compared to untreated SMSC-EXOs, Sr-pretreated SMSC-derived exosomes (Sr-SMSC-EXOs) demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy by mitigating chondrocyte ferroptosis and reducing osteoclast-mediated joint pain in TMJOA. Our results illustrate Alix's crucial role in Sr-triggered miRNA loading, identifying miR-143-3p as a key anti-TMJOA exosomal component. Interestingly, this system is specifically oriented towards synovium-derived stem cells. The insight into trace element-driven, site-specific miRNA selectively loading in SMSC-EXOs proposes a promising therapeutic enhancement strategy for TMJOA.
MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/drug effects* ; Osteoarthritis/drug therapy* ; Exosomes/drug effects* ; Strontium/pharmacology* ; Synovial Membrane/cytology* ; Humans ; Animals ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/therapy* ; Temporomandibular Joint

Objective:To explore the training method for personalized eyebrow shape design before eyebrow transplantation surgery and to evaluate its effectiveness.Methods:Thirty physicians with similar foundational knowledge in facial aesthetic design and equivalent educational backgrounds were prospectively selected from the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University and Beijing Biliansheng Medical Beauty Clinic from January to December 2023. All the physicians were right-handed. Based on prior experience in eyebrow transplantation surgery, they were divided into two groups: an observation group [ n=20; 10 males, 10 females; aged (27.8±3.9) years] without experience in personalized eyebrow transplantation surgery, and a control group [ n=10; 5 males, 5 females; aged (29.6±4.0) years] with at least 2 years of experience in personalized eyebrow transplantation surgery. All the physicians received 2 hours of theoretical instruction on personalized eyebrow shape design and 8 hours of simulated operation training. Differences in personalized eyebrow design scores between the two groups were compared before and after training. After the assessment, physicians in the observation group performed eyebrow shape design on 20 eyebrow transplantation patients with randomly assigned face shapes, and patient satisfaction was evaluated. Results:Before training, personalized eyebrow design scores were 1.16±0.29 for the observation group and 3.75±0.22 for the control group, showing a statistically significant difference ( P<0.001). After operation training, the scores were 4.51±0.11 for the observation group and 4.89±0.08 for the control group, with no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05). The difference between pre- and post-training scores within the observation group was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Physicians in the observation group designed eyebrow shapes for male and female patients with various face shapes. Immediately after surgery, 80% (16/20) of patients were very satisfied, and 20% (4/20) were satisfied. Conclusion:After training of combined theoretical lectures, simulated practice, and hands-on patient design, physicians in the observation group demonstrate improved ability in personalized eyebrow shape design and achieve high patient satisfaction.

Objective:To investigate the mediating effect of psychological flexibility between recurrence risk perception and health behavior in stroke patients.Methods:From July to December 2024, 233 stroke patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected using convenience sampling. Electronic questionnaires were used to collect patients' general information, perception of stroke recurrence risk, health behavior, and psychological flexibility.Results:The scores for recurrence risk perception, psychological flexibility, and health behavior of 233 stroke patients were (39.75±4.39), (47.45±4.19), and (54.04±3.78), respectively. Health behavior were positively correlated with recurrence risk perception ( r=0.495, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with psychological flexibility ( r=-0.367, P<0.01). Psychological flexibility partially mediated the relationship between recurrence risk perception and health behavior, with an effect value of 0.080 and an effect proportion of 17.5% (0.080/0.458) . Conclusions:Recurrence risk perception not only directly predicts health behavior in stroke patients but also indirectly influences their health behavior through psychological flexibility. Healthcare providers should enhance recurrence risk perception among stroke patients and incorporate the improvement of psychological flexibility as part of intervention strategies to improve patients' health behavior.

Objective:To explore the training method for personalized eyebrow shape design before eyebrow transplantation surgery and to evaluate its effectiveness.Methods:Thirty physicians with similar foundational knowledge in facial aesthetic design and equivalent educational backgrounds were prospectively selected from the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University and Beijing Biliansheng Medical Beauty Clinic from January to December 2023. All the physicians were right-handed. Based on prior experience in eyebrow transplantation surgery, they were divided into two groups: an observation group [ n=20; 10 males, 10 females; aged (27.8±3.9) years] without experience in personalized eyebrow transplantation surgery, and a control group [ n=10; 5 males, 5 females; aged (29.6±4.0) years] with at least 2 years of experience in personalized eyebrow transplantation surgery. All the physicians received 2 hours of theoretical instruction on personalized eyebrow shape design and 8 hours of simulated operation training. Differences in personalized eyebrow design scores between the two groups were compared before and after training. After the assessment, physicians in the observation group performed eyebrow shape design on 20 eyebrow transplantation patients with randomly assigned face shapes, and patient satisfaction was evaluated. Results:Before training, personalized eyebrow design scores were 1.16±0.29 for the observation group and 3.75±0.22 for the control group, showing a statistically significant difference ( P<0.001). After operation training, the scores were 4.51±0.11 for the observation group and 4.89±0.08 for the control group, with no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05). The difference between pre- and post-training scores within the observation group was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Physicians in the observation group designed eyebrow shapes for male and female patients with various face shapes. Immediately after surgery, 80% (16/20) of patients were very satisfied, and 20% (4/20) were satisfied. Conclusion:After training of combined theoretical lectures, simulated practice, and hands-on patient design, physicians in the observation group demonstrate improved ability in personalized eyebrow shape design and achieve high patient satisfaction.

“Deficiency cause， cold accumulation， and qi stagnation” originates from Essentials from the Golden Cabinet （《金匮要略》）， which is a guiding principle for the pathogenesis of women's diseases， pioneering the differentiation and treatment of women's diseases based on patterns， and having a profound influence on future generations. Following the classical principles and simplifying the complexities， this paper explored the pathogenesis and mechanism of polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） from the perspective of “deficiency cause， cold accumulation， and qi stagnation”， and believed that depletion of essence and blood， long-term accumulation of internal cold， and qi constraint and blood stasis are the causes of PCOS， with depletion of essence and blood， and lack of nourishment of zang-fu （脏腑） organs as the root， and cold pathogen invasion， qi constraint and blood stasis as the branch. The main treatment principle is “treating deficiency with supplementation”， and dispelling pathogen while reinforcing healthy qi， along with “treatment of cold by warming” and “treatment of stagnation by dispersing”. This is of great significance for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Clinically， these methods can be used flexibly to guide treatment and formula selection for PCOS， with the goal of harmonizing qi and blood and regulating menstruation.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of dot matrix laser combined with subcutaneous separation in the treatment of depressed acne scar.Methods A total of 86 patients with depressed acne scar admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from February 2022 to August 2023 were selected and divided into dot matrix group and combined group according to random number table method,with 43 cases in each group.The patients in dot matrix group were treated with dot matrix laser,and the patients in combined group were treated with dot matrix laser combined with subcutaneous separation.The visual analogue scale(VAS)score,echelle d'evaluation clinique des cicatrices d'acne(ECCA)score,pigmentation area,scar area,treatment satisfaction and adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results There was no significant difference in VAS scores between two groups after the first treatment and the second treatment(P>0.05).Three months after treatment,the ECCA score of combined group was significantly lower than that of dot matrix group,and the pigmentation area and scar area were significantly smaller than those of dot matrix group(P<0.05).The total satisfaction of patients in combined group was significantly higher than that in dot matrix group(χ2=4.746,P=0.029).There was no significant difference in the occurrence of adverse reactions between two groups(χ2=0.453,P=0.501).Conclusion Dot matrix laser combined with subcutaneous separation in the treatment of depressed acne scar can effectively promote scar repair,reduce skin pigmentation area and scar area,and do not increase pain,with good safety and high patient satisfaction.

【Objective】   As the main active ingredient of Tibetan medicine Hongjingtian (Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma), salidroside (Sal) has a good anti-apoptotic potential. Currently, there are some conflicting results on the anti-apoptotic mechanisms of Sal. Here we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide the preclinical evidence of its anti-apoptotic properties in preventing and treating hypoxic-ischemic cerebral damage(HICD). 【Methods】   The literature on the anti-apoptotic potential of Sal in the treatment of HICD from January 1, 1980 to November 9, 2021 was searched online using Chinese databases including Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Wanfang Database, and English databases including PubMed and Web of Science. The quality of the included articles was evaluated by the Cochrane Collaboration network bias risk assessment criteria, and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. 【Results】  A total of 40 articles were finally included. Among the 40 articles, 30 were about in vivo animal experiments and 17 about in vitro cell experiments, and 7 of them included both animal and cell experiments. After analysis, it was found that Sal had significant effects on disease-related indicators of HICD (P < 0.05), such as cerebral infarctsize and brain water content. As to in vivo studies, Sal mainly affects the expressions of apoptotic factors through antiinflammation, anti-oxidation, activation of complement pathway, and regulation of signal transduction and autophagy, thus exerting anti-apoptotic potential in treating HICD. While for in vitro studies, Sal plays the anti-apoptotic role in HICD models mainly through anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, reduction of Ca2+ overload, regulation of mitochondrial function, signal transduction, and C3 complement. 【Conclusion】  Sal can take anti-apoptotic effects to prevent and treat HICD through mechanisms such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, enhanced autophagy, complement and signal transduction, regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduction of Ca2 + overload.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of regulatory T cells (Treg) in heat stroke (HS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). METHODS: Male SPF Balb/c mice were randomly divided into control group, HS group (HS+Rat IgG), HS+PC61 group, and HS+Treg group (n = 6). The HS mice model was established by making the body temperature of the mice reach 42.7 centigrade at room temperature 39.5 centigrade with relative humidity 60% for 1 hour. In HS+PC61 group, 100 μg PC61 antibody (anti-CD25) was injected through the tail vein in consecutive 2 days before the model was established to eliminate Tregs. Mice in HS+Treg group was injected with 1×10⁶ Treg via tail vein immediately after successful modeling. The proportion of Treg infiltrated in the kidney, serum creatinine (SCr) and histopathology, levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) both in the serum and kidney tissue, as well as proportion of neutrophils and macrophages located in the kidney were observed at 24 hours after HS. RESULTS: HS dampened renal function and exaggerated kidney injury, up-regulated levels of inflammatory cytokines both in local kidney and circulation, and increased infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages to the injured kidneys. The proportion of Treg (Treg/CD4⁺) infiltrated in kidney was significantly decreased in HS group, compared with control group [(3.40±0.46)% vs. (7.67±0.82)%, P < 0.01]. Compared with HS group, local Tregs in kidney were almost completely depleted via PC61 antibody [(0.77±0.12)% vs. (3.40±0.46)%, P < 0.01]. Depletion of Tregs could exacerbate HS-AKI, indicating by increased serum creatinine [SCr (mmol/L): 348.22±35.36 vs. 254.42±27.40, P < 0.01] and pathological injury (Paller score: 4.70±0.20 vs. 3.60±0.20, P < 0.01), incremental levels of IFN-γand TNF-α both in injured kidney and serum [serum IFN-γ (ng/L): 747.70±64.52 vs. 508.46±44.79, serum TNF-α (ng/L): 647.41±26.62 vs. 464.53±41.80, both P < 0.01], and more infiltrated neutrophils and macrophages in the injured kidney [neutrophil proportion: (6.63±0.67)% vs. (4.37±0.43)%, macrophage proportion: (38.70±1.66)% vs. (33.19±1.55)%, both P < 0.01]. On the contrast, adoptive transfer of Tregs could reverse the aforementioned effects of Treg depletion, indicating by incremental proportion of Tregs in the injured kidney [(10.58±1.19)% vs. (3.40±0.46)%, P < 0.01], decreased serum creatinine [SCr (mmol/L): 168.24±40.56 vs. 254.42±27.40, P < 0.01] and pathological injury (Paller score: 2.73±0.11 vs. 3.60±0.20, P < 0.01), reduced levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α both in injured kidney and serum [serum IFN-γ (ng/L): 262.62±22.68 vs. 508.46±44.79, serum TNF-α (ng/L): 206.41±22.58 vs. 464.53±41.80, both P < 0.01], and less infiltrated neutrophils and macrophages in the injured kidney [neutrophil proportion: (3.04±0.33)% vs. (4.37±0.43)%, macrophage proportion: (25.68±1.93)% vs. (33.19±1.55)%, both P < 0.01]. CONCLUSIONS Treg might be involved in HS-AKI, possibly via down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and infiltration of inflammatory cells.
Male ; Animals ; Mice ; Rats ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; Creatinine ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Heat Stroke ; Acute Kidney Injury ; Cytokines ; Interferon-gamma

Objective:To investigate the physical and mental experience, treatment compliance and use barriers of patients with insomnia in using digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (dCBT-I) in order to provide qualitative evidence for the development and application optimization of the dCBT-I technology paradigm.Methods:From July to November 2021, a semi-structured interview outline was used to conduct in-depth interviews with the dCBT-I users ( n=10) to record their original feelings about the use of dCBT-I. Interpretative phenomenology's text analysis was used to explore the participants' experience and cognition of dCBT-I. Results:Text analysis and key information calibration were carried out on the verbatim transcripts of semi-structured interview recordings, and three core themes were extracted, namely stickiness factor, use barrier and optimization direction, as well as eight sub-themes, namely professionalism, accessibility, benefit experience, difficulty in task execution, instruction generalization, difficulty in software operation, enrich treatment content and personalized guidance.Conclusion:The present study showed that participants were receptive to the dCBT-I intervention and would be benefited from it.However, dCBT-I still needs to be optimized and improved to reduce the operating difficulty and explore more appropriate timing of manual intervention.