ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the non-fasting triglyceride and glucose （TyG） index and hyperglycemia in pregnancy during the third trimester in high altitudes. MethodsThis study selected clinical and laboratory data of 774 Tibetan singleton pregnant women who delivered at Chaya People's Hospital of Qamdo city in Xizang autonomous region， from January 2023 to April 2025. The non-fasting TyG index was calculated from non-fasting triglyceride （TG） and random plasma glucose （PG）. Based on the tertiles of the non-fasting TyG index values， the individuals were split into three groups （corresponding to non-fasting TyG index of 8.89 and 9.21， respectively）. The baseline clinical characteristics， lipid levels and the occurrence of developing hyperglycemia in pregnancy were compared among the three groups. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA， Kruskal-Wallis H test， Chi-square test， or Fisher exact test and the relationship between the non-fasting TyG index and hyperglycemia in pregnancy were examined using multivariate logistic regression models and curve fitting. ResultsA total of 774 Tibetan singleton pregnant women were included， with a average age of 27.3 ± 6.1 years， a pre-delivery body mass index （Pre-BMI） of （25.2±2.3）kg/m² ， a proportion of 26.7% （207/774） primigravid women， the mean non-fasting TyG index was 9.1 ± 0.4。Thirty pregnant women were diagnosed with hyperglycemia in pregnancy， with a detection rate of 3.9% （30/774）. Statistically significant differences in serum total cholesterol （TC）， TG， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） levels were identified when comparing different non-fasting TyG groups （all P values <0.05）. Subsequent trend test analysis indicated that the levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， and PG gradually increased with elevated the non-fasting TyG index （ F_{trend TC}=95.61， P<0.001； F_{trend TG}=1 051.91， P<0.001； F_{trend LDL-C} = 97.20， P < 0.001； F_{trend TG}=195.20； P<0.001）. After adjustment for maternal age， pre-delivery BMI， altitude， TC， LDL-C， and HDL-C， multivariate Logistic regression models revealed independent positive associations between non-fasting TyG index and hyperglycemia in pregnancy （Model 1： OR=2.72， 95% CI： 1.13-6.53， P=0.026； Model 2： OR=2.56， 95% CI： 1.01-6.50， P=0.048； Model 3： OR=2.72， 95% CI： 1.06-6.97， P=0.037； Model 4： OR=4.02， 95% CI： 1.42-11.40， P=0.009） and the incident of hyperglycemia in pregnancy showed an increasing tendency as increasing with the non-fasting TyG index， however， this association did not statistical significance （P _trend >0.05）. Curve fitting by restricted cubic splines （RCS） were used to assess linearity between non-fasting TyG and hyperglycemia in pregnancy， and there was a linear dose-response relationship between non-fasting TyG and hyperglycemia in pregnancy （P _{for non-linear} = 0.515）. ConclusionNon-fasting TyG index in the third trimester is a risk factor for hyperglycemia in pregnancy among the Tibetan singleton pregnant women at high altitudes and there was a possible linear dose-response relationship between the non-fasting TyG index and hyperglycemia in pregnancy.

ObjectiveTo explore the distribution patterns and correlations of pet-related cat/dog dander allergens and mold allergens in patients with allergic diseases， providing evidence for individualized diagnosis， treatment， and prevention strategies. MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 798 patients diagnosed with allergic diseases at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between April 2021 and October 2023. All patients underwent UniCAP platform testing for specific immunoglobulin E （sIgE） levels against cat dander， dog dander， and mold mix （mx1/mx2）， alongside total IgE （tIgE） quantification. Descriptive statistics， Mann-Whitney U tests， and chi-square analyses were employed to evaluate allergen distribution and interrelationships. ResultsAmong the 798 patients （395 males， 403 females， ratio 1∶1.02）， their ages ranged from 0.67 to 69 years （median 14 years， IQR 6-29）. A total of 63.2% （504/798） had a single allergic disease， with allergic rhinitis （AR， 49.2%） being the most common. The remaining 36.8% （294/798） had ≥2 allergic diseases， with AR combined with atopic dermatitis （AD， 10.7%） as the predominant comorbidity. The positivity rate for cat/dog dander sIgE was 24.1% （192/798）， with a significantly higher prevalence in females （30.8%） than males （16.7%， P＜0.05）. Cat dander sensitization increased with age in patients under 18 years. Among positive cases， cat dander sIgE level 2 was most frequent （25.9%）， while dog dander sIgE level 1 predominated （55%）. Patients with cat dander sIgE levels 4-6 had significantly higher tIgE than those with levels 1-3 （P＜0.05）. The positivity rate for mold mix （mx1/mx2） sIgE was 7.4% （59/798）， with mx2 as the primary sensitizer and level 2 being the most common. In mx2-positive patients， the cat/dog dander sIgE positivity rate （44.8%） was significantly higher than that in mx2-negative patients （17.9%， P＜0.05）， and tIgE levels were also higher （P＜0.05）. ConclusionCat dander sensitization increases with age in children. Cat/dog dander and mold allergens are closely linked to AR and AR combined with AD. Synergistic correlations exist between cat/dog dander sIgE and mold mx2 sIgE. Combined detection of these allergens is critical for precision diagnosis and management of pet-related allergic diseases.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of common respiratory viruses and atypical pathogens in late-term neonates during the pandemic period of Coronavirus Dis-ease 2019(COVID-19)and the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions(NPIs)on neonatal re-spiratory pathogens.Methods A total of 2,452 late-term hospitalized neonates caused by respirato-ry infection symptoms at the Children's Hospital of Soochow University from January 2018 to February 2023 were included in the study.Data from January 2018 to December 2019 were used as pre-pan-demic control group,and data from January 2020 to December 2021 were used as post-pandemic con-trol group.The changes in nucleic acid test results for eight common pathogens in hospitalized chil-dren during the pandemic period of COVID-19 were retrospectively analyzed.Data from March 2020 to February 2023 were compared to summarize the epidemiological characteristics of neonatal respira-tory pathogens in different seasons after the normalization of the pandemic period of COVID-19.Results Among the 2,452 hospitalized neonates,364(14.85％)tested positive for pathogens,with respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)having the highest detection rate of 262 cases(10.69％),followed by parainfluenza viruses(PIVS)with 64 cases(2.61％).The total number of positive cases for the eight pathogens before and after the pandemic control measures were 229(17.1％)and 96(12.3％)respectively.The detection rate after the pandemic control measures was significantly lower than be-fore(P＜0.05).The detection rates of all eight pathogens decreased after the pandemic control measures,but only the difference in the RSV detection rate was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The peak month for RSV-positive cases was delayed by one month after the pandemic control measures compared to pandemic control before,and there were two peaks in RSV incidence in 2022.PIVS was more prevalent in spring,summer,and autumn before the pandemic control measures,but became more prevalent in winter afterward,with a higher peak in positive cases detected after the control measures than pandemic control before;the seasonality of PIVS infection changed.Conclusion After the implementation of pandemic control measures for COVID-19,the detection rate and epidemiology of common respiratory pathogens in late-term neonates with respiratory infections in Suzhou have changed.NPIs such as wearing masks,hand hygiene,maintaining social distance,and avoiding un-necessary outings have a certain preventive effect on the outbreak of respiratory pathogens.

BackgroundThe prevalence of depressive disorder in adolescents is on the rise. There have been studies on the pairwise relations between dysfunctional attitude， negative automatic thoughts， positive coping style and depressive symptoms in the past. However， the impact of the intrinsic relations among dysfunctional attitude， negative automatic thoughts and positive coping style on depressive symptoms is still unclear. ObjectiveTo explore the influence of dysfunctional attitude on adolescent depressive symptoms and examine the action path of negative automatic thoughts and positive coping style on it， in order to provide references for intervention for adolescent patients with depressisve disorder. MethodsThis study involved 162 adolescent patients with depressive disorder， who met the diagnostic criteria for depressive episodes in the International Classification of Diseases， 10th edition （ICD-10） and received treatment in Taiyuan Psychiatric Hospital from October 1， 2022 to October 31， 2023. These patients were evaluated using Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）， Dysfunction Attitude Scale （DAS）， Positive Coping Style Subscale in Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire（SCSQ） and Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire （ATQ）. Pearson correlation analysis was adopted to examine the correlation among scores of scales above. Model 6 in Process 3.4.1 was adopted to test the acting path of negative automatic thoughts and positive coping style between dysfunctional attitude and adolescent depression symptoms. ResultsA total of 148 adolescent patients with depressive disorder completed an effective questionnaire survey， with a response rate of 91.36%. The direct effect value of dysfunctional attitude on depressive symptoms was 0.423 and the effect size was 63.32%. Negative automatic thoughts and positive coping style affected as acting path between dysfunctional attitude and depressive symptoms， with effect values of 0.156 （accounting for 23.35% of the total effect） and 0.045 （accounting for 6.74% of the total effect） respectively. Meanwhile， negative automatic thoughts and positive coping style affected as a chain reaction pathway between dysfunctional attitude and depressive symptoms， with an effect value of 0.044， accounting for 6.59% of the total effect. ConclusionDysfunctional attitude can not only directly affect the depressive symptoms of adolescent patients with depressive disorder， but also affect the depressive symptoms of adolescent patients with depressive disorder through the independent path or chain path of negative automatic thoughts and positive coping style.

“Deficiency cause， cold accumulation， and qi stagnation” originates from Essentials from the Golden Cabinet （《金匮要略》）， which is a guiding principle for the pathogenesis of women's diseases， pioneering the differentiation and treatment of women's diseases based on patterns， and having a profound influence on future generations. Following the classical principles and simplifying the complexities， this paper explored the pathogenesis and mechanism of polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） from the perspective of “deficiency cause， cold accumulation， and qi stagnation”， and believed that depletion of essence and blood， long-term accumulation of internal cold， and qi constraint and blood stasis are the causes of PCOS， with depletion of essence and blood， and lack of nourishment of zang-fu （脏腑） organs as the root， and cold pathogen invasion， qi constraint and blood stasis as the branch. The main treatment principle is “treating deficiency with supplementation”， and dispelling pathogen while reinforcing healthy qi， along with “treatment of cold by warming” and “treatment of stagnation by dispersing”. This is of great significance for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Clinically， these methods can be used flexibly to guide treatment and formula selection for PCOS， with the goal of harmonizing qi and blood and regulating menstruation.

Objective To explore the sufentanil by adjusting the adenosine monosodium phosphate activa-ted protein kinase(AMPK)/thioredoxin interacting proteins(TXNIP)/nucleotide-binding oligomerization do-main-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)signaling pathways of the alveolar epithelial cells induced by lipopo-lysaccharide to the dead.Methods Human alveolar epithelial type Ⅱ cell(AECⅡ)were cultured to logarith-mic phase.Then they were divided into control group(normal glucose culture),lipopolysaccharide group(li-popolysaccharide induced injury by 50 μg/mL),low concentration sufentanil group(20 μmol/L),high concen-tration sufentanil group(40 μmol/L),high concentration sufentanil(40 μmol/L)+AMPK-IN-3 group(50μmol/L AMPK inhibitors).MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation.Pyroptosis was detected by Ho-echst 33342 and propidium iodide(PI)double staining.The levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-18 and tumor nec-rosis factor-α(TNF-α)in cell supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of focal death related factors cysteinyl proteinase-1(Caspase-1),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC),and gasdermin D(GSDMD).The protein expres-sion of AMPK,phosphorylated adenosine monosodium phosphate activated protein kinase(p-AMPK),TXNIP and NLRP3 were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the control group,the survival rate of AEC Ⅱ cells in the lipopolysaccharide group decreased,the number of PI+positive cells increased,the release of inflammatory factors IL-1β,IL-18 and TNF-α increased,the expression of Caspase-1,ASC and GSDMD mR-NA increased,the expression of p-AMPK/AMPK decreased,and the expression of TXNIP and NLRP3 in-creased(P＜0.05).Compared with the lipopolysaccharide group,the survival rate of AEC Ⅱ cells in the low concentration sufentanil group and the high concentration sufentanil group increased,PI+positive cells de-creased,the release of inflammatory factors IL-1β,IL-18 and TNF-α decreased,the expression of Caspase-1,ASC and GSDMD mRNA decreased,the expression of p-AMPK/AMPK increased,and the expression of TX-NIP and NLRP3 decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with the high concentration sufentanil group,the survival rate of AEC Ⅱ cells in the high concentration sufentanil+AMPK-IN-3 group decreased,the number of PI+positive cells increased,the release of inflammatory factors IL-1β,IL-18 and TNF-α increased,the expression of Caspase-1,ASC and GSDMD mRNA increased,the expression of p-AMPK/AMPK decreased,and the ex-pression of TXNIP and NLRP3 increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Sufentanil may improve lipopolysaccharide induced alveolar epithelial cell pyroptosis by regulating AMPK/TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of cup-stacking task based on the dyadic coping model in patients with ischemic stroke, in order to provide reference for clinical nurses to effectively rehabilitate these patients and improve their disease coping ability.Methods:This was a quasi-experimental study, a total of 90 patients with upper extremity motor function disorder after ischemic stroke admitted to the Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected as participants from October 2022 to March 2023. Among them, 45 patients admitted from October 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the control group, 45 patients admitted from January 2023 to March 2023 were selected as the experimental group. Patients in the control group received routine care and patients in the experimental group received cup-stacking task based on the dyadic coping intervention model. The dyadic coping between the two groups and their spouses were compared before intervention and after intervention(3 months after discharge), the upper extremity motor function, activities of daily living, anxiety, rehabilitation self-efficacy between the two groups were compared before the intervention and after intervention.Results:A total of 5 patients were dropped and 43 patients of the control group and 42 patients of the experimental group completed the study at last. In the control group, there were 28 males, 17 females, aged (61.84 ± 7.13) years old; while their spouses were 17 males, 26 females, aged (61.02 ± 6.79) years. In the experimental group, there were 28 males, 14 females, aged (62.36 ± 7.03) years old; while their spouses were 14 males, 28 females, aged (60.95 ± 6.81) years. After the intervention, the scores of the dyadic coping between the experimental group patients and their spouses were (135.05 ± 8.52), (139.24 ± 9.67) points, which were higher than (119.26 ± 12.23), (120.02 ± 12.34) points of the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t=6.92, 8.00, both P<0.05); the scores of the upper extremity motor function, activities of daily living, rehabilitation self-efficacy of the experimental group patients were (55.48 ± 4.78), (79.55 ± 6.83), (83.64 ± 10.30) points, which were higher than (51.44 ± 6.20), (72.74 ± 8.93), (70.28 ± 13.13) points of the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.36, 3.94, 5.21, all P<0.05); the score of anxiety was (13.26 ± 2.96) points, which was lower than (18.53 ± 3.35) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-7.69, P<0.05). Conclusions:The cup-stacking task based on the dyadic coping model can effectively improve the dyadic coping level of patients after ischemic stroke and their spouses, improve the patients′ upper extremity motor function and rehabilitation self-efficacy, so as to facilitate disease recovery and improve the quality of life, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective:To investigate the teaching effect of blended teaching mode based on BOPPPS in the teaching of Natural Medicinal Chemistry.Methods:The undergraduate students of grade 2019 majoring in pharmacy of a medical college were selected as the research objects and divided into 2 groups randomly.Students in class 2 were set as the control group(n=27)and students in class 1 were set as the experimental group(n=29).The students of the two classes were taught by the same group of teachers.The control group adopted traditional teaching methods and classroom teaching as the main teaching mode combines with multimedia teaching.The experimental group received blended teaching mode based on BOPPPS.The final examination scores,teaching effects and student satisfaction of the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results:The survey results showed that the teaching effect of the blended teaching model based on BOPPPS was recognized by 96.55%of the students in the experimental group.The final examination score in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).The teaching effect of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group(P＜0.05),and the satisfaction of students in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The application of blended teaching mode based on BOPPPS in the teaching of Natural Medicinal Chemistry can effectively stimulate students'learning interest and improve the teaching quality.

Supracondylar humerus fractures represent the most prevalent type of upper limb fractures in pediatric patients. As a result of the interplay of external forces, muscular contractions, and periosteal reactions, these fractures are prone not only to axial displacement but also to rotational displacement in a certain degree. Rapid and accurate assessment of the rotational displacement holds a paramount importance for intraoperative realignment, choice of fixation modalities, and anticipation of postoperative function. Currently, methods to evaluate the rotational displacement involve X-ray, CT, and ultrasound, but the various assessment techniques and criteria often pose challenges in differentiation. This paper reviews the current diverse imaging modalities for assessment of the rotational displacement, aiming to translate the intricate three-dimensional spatial rotation into single-plane rotations within the coronal, sagittal, and horizontal planes, thereby aspiring to furnish those concerned with clinical guidance.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects and mechanisms of cycloartenol on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice.METHODS In vitro experiments,primary cardiomyocytes were extracted from 1-3 days SD mice.The hypoxia/reoxygenation model was established by incubating cells in a hypoxic culture box for 3 hours followed by reoxygenation in a normal culture box for 3 hours.The primary cardiomyocytes were divided into Control group,H/R group,low-dose(3 μmol·L-1)and high-dose(10 μmol·L-1)cycloartenol groups,and SB203580 group.CCK-8 was used to detect cell viability,the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry,and Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK in each group.In an in vi-vo experiment,7-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a Control group,an I/R group,and three doses of cyclo-artenol(0.2,0.5,1.0 mg·kg-1)groups.The mice were continuously administered for seven days before the surgery.The model was prepared by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD)for 30 minutes,followed by reperfusion for 24 hours to in-duce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),cardiac output(CO),left ventricular fractional shortening(LVFS)of each group of mice were detected by small animal ultrasound.TTC staining was used to detect the changes of is-chemic infarct size in each group.The changes of myocardial tissue in each group were observed by HE staining.The expression levels of p38 MAPK,p-p38 MAPK,IL-6 and TNF-α in myocardial tissue of mice were detected by Western blot.Serum levels of creatine ki-nase isoenzyme(CK-MB),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),cardiac troponin I(cTnI),interleukin-6(IL-6),and tumor necrosis fac-tor-α(TNF-α)were measured using ELISA kits.RESULTS In vitro experiments demonstrated that compared with the H/R group,both the cycloartenol and SB203580 pretreatment groups showed a significant increase in myocardial cell viability and the apoptosis rate decrease,which can downregulate the protein expression level of p-p38 MAPK and decrease the ratio of p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK(P<0.05).In vivo experiments confirmed that compared with the I/R group,cycloartenol pretreatment significantly improved LVEF,LVFS,and CO values(P<0.05),reduce myocardial ischemic infarct size,thereby enhancing myocardial function.The protein ex-pression level of p-p38 MAPK in myocardial tissue was down-regulated,the ratio of p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK was decreased,and the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were decreased.Additionally,cycloartenol pretreatment reduced the levels of CK-MB,LDH,cT-nI,IL-6,and TNF-α in mouse serum(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Pre-treatment with cycloartenol can protect mouse cardiac func-tion and alleviate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.Its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of p38 MAPK phos-phorylation,reducing inflammatory reactions.