Objective:To investigate the correlation among sex hormones, body mass index (BMI) , serum bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP-15) and bone metabolism parameters in adolescent patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) .Methods:A total of 168 PCOS patients admitted from Aug. 2022 to Aug. 2023 were included in PCOS group, and 170 healthy adolescent women during the same period were included in the non-PCOS group. At the same time, the patients in PCOS group were divided into the obese group (n=81, BMI≥28 kg/m 2) and non-obese group (n=87, BMI < 25 kg/m 2) according to the BMI level. The levels of sex hormones, BMP-15 and bone metabolism indexes in all subjects were determined, and the correlation among sex hormones, BMI, BMP-15, bone metabolism indexes of PCOS patients was analyzed by Pearson correlation. Results:The levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) in PCOS group were higher ( t = 25.80, 27.99, P < 0.05) , and there was no statistically significant difference in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels between the two groups ( t = 1.73, P > 0.05) . The levels of LH and T in obese group were higher than those in the non-obese group ( t = 8.24, 23.90, P < 0.05) , and there was no statistically significant difference in FSH between the two groups ( t = 0.29, P > 0.05) . The BMP-15, osteocalcin and amino terminal propeptide (PINP) of type I collagen in PCOS group were lower than those in non-PCOS group ( t = 68.16, 65.89, 11.25, all P < 0.05) , and the cross-linked C-terminal peptide (CTX) of type I collagen was higher than those in non-PCOS group ( t = 13.01, P < 0.05) . BMP-15, osteocalcin and PINP in obese group were lower than those in non-obese group ( t = 14.74, 7.36, 7.90, all P < 0.05) , and CTX was higher ( t = 8.55, P < 0.05) . Pearson correlation analysis showed that LH was negatively correlated with BMP-15, osteocalcin and PINP in adolescent PCOS patients ( r= -0.42, -0.51, -0.42, P < 0.05) , and positively correlated with CTX ( r= 0.44, P < 0.05) . T was negatively correlated with BMP-15, osteocalcin and PINP ( r= -0.50, -0.49, -0.42, P < 0.05) , and positively correlated with CTX ( r= 0.48, P < 0.05) ; BMI was negatively correlated with BMP-15, osteocalcin and PINP ( r= -0.60, -0.66, -0.69, P < 0.05) , and positively correlated with CTX ( r= 0.70, P < 0.05) . Conclusions:In adolescent PCOS patients, LH, T and BMI is negatively correlated with BMP-15, osteocalcin and PINP, while positively correlated with CTX, indicating that PCOS and BMI can affect BMP-15 and bone metabolic markers, which has a certain correlation with ovarian function and abnormal bone metabolism.

Objective:To investigate the correlation among sex hormones, body mass index (BMI) , serum bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP-15) and bone metabolism parameters in adolescent patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) .Methods:A total of 168 PCOS patients admitted from Aug. 2022 to Aug. 2023 were included in PCOS group, and 170 healthy adolescent women during the same period were included in the non-PCOS group. At the same time, the patients in PCOS group were divided into the obese group (n=81, BMI≥28 kg/m 2) and non-obese group (n=87, BMI < 25 kg/m 2) according to the BMI level. The levels of sex hormones, BMP-15 and bone metabolism indexes in all subjects were determined, and the correlation among sex hormones, BMI, BMP-15, bone metabolism indexes of PCOS patients was analyzed by Pearson correlation. Results:The levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) in PCOS group were higher ( t = 25.80, 27.99, P < 0.05) , and there was no statistically significant difference in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels between the two groups ( t = 1.73, P > 0.05) . The levels of LH and T in obese group were higher than those in the non-obese group ( t = 8.24, 23.90, P < 0.05) , and there was no statistically significant difference in FSH between the two groups ( t = 0.29, P > 0.05) . The BMP-15, osteocalcin and amino terminal propeptide (PINP) of type I collagen in PCOS group were lower than those in non-PCOS group ( t = 68.16, 65.89, 11.25, all P < 0.05) , and the cross-linked C-terminal peptide (CTX) of type I collagen was higher than those in non-PCOS group ( t = 13.01, P < 0.05) . BMP-15, osteocalcin and PINP in obese group were lower than those in non-obese group ( t = 14.74, 7.36, 7.90, all P < 0.05) , and CTX was higher ( t = 8.55, P < 0.05) . Pearson correlation analysis showed that LH was negatively correlated with BMP-15, osteocalcin and PINP in adolescent PCOS patients ( r= -0.42, -0.51, -0.42, P < 0.05) , and positively correlated with CTX ( r= 0.44, P < 0.05) . T was negatively correlated with BMP-15, osteocalcin and PINP ( r= -0.50, -0.49, -0.42, P < 0.05) , and positively correlated with CTX ( r= 0.48, P < 0.05) ; BMI was negatively correlated with BMP-15, osteocalcin and PINP ( r= -0.60, -0.66, -0.69, P < 0.05) , and positively correlated with CTX ( r= 0.70, P < 0.05) . Conclusions:In adolescent PCOS patients, LH, T and BMI is negatively correlated with BMP-15, osteocalcin and PINP, while positively correlated with CTX, indicating that PCOS and BMI can affect BMP-15 and bone metabolic markers, which has a certain correlation with ovarian function and abnormal bone metabolism.

Purpose To study the clinicopathological features of lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM) of pelvis lymph node.Methods A patient with endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma and LAM was analyzed including clinical data and pathological features.HE and immunohistoehemistry of EnVision stainings were used,and the literatures were reviewed.Results Well-moderately differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinoma could be observed in the endometrium.Proloferation of LAM cells were seen in the capsule and medulla of the pelvic lymph node.The LAM cell was spindle,epitheliod and polygonal cells with oxyphilic or clear cytoplasm which arranged surrounding lacunes.The LAM cells showed no atypia and mitosis could not seen.The tumor cells showed diffusely positive for SMA,Caldesmon,desmin,vimentin,ER and PR,the cells lining the lacunes were positive for CD34 and D2-40.The epitheliod cells were positive for HMB-45 and negative for Melan-A.The Ki-67 immunostaining showed a proliferation index of ＜ 1％.Conclusion LAM is an uncommon neoplastic multisystem disease that affects the lungs mostly.Endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma with LAM of pelvic lymph node is extremely rare.The diagnosis can be made according to the histological characteristics and immunohistochemical features.Moreover this conclusion will provide the clinicopathological materials for the future study about LAM.