Objective To investigate the relationship between the public's risk perception,behavioral patterns,and emotional responses during major public health emergencies,and to analyze the interaction mech-anisms.Methods Both paper and electronic questionnaires were used to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics,lifestyle habits,and psychological status from residents of different occupations and age groups living in Urumqi from January 2021 to December 2022.Pearson correlation analysis and mediation effect anal-ysis were then conducted.Results People with different sociological characteristics exhibited varying risk per-ceptions,behavioral patterns,and emotional responses during public health emergencies.Risk perception was positively correlated with emotional responses(r=0.190,P<0.001);anxiety was positively correlated with emotional responses(r=0.585,P<0.001)and risk perception(r=0.176,P<0.001);depression was posi-tively correlated with emotional responses(r=0.540,P<0.001)and anxiety(r=0.732,P<0.001).Behav-ioral patterns were negatively correlated with risk information(r=-0.329,P<0.001),emotional responses(r=-0.091,P<0.001),risk perception(r=-0.030,P=0.049);anxiety was negatively correlated with risk information(r=-0.046,P=0.003)and behavioral patterns(r=-0.065,P<0.001).Depression was also negatively correlated with risk perception(r=-0.148,P<0.001),and behavioral patterns(r=-0.092,P<0.001).Conclusion People with different sociological characteristics exhibit differences in risk perception,behavioral patterns,and emotional responses during public health emergencies,and there are com-plex correlations among these factors.Especially in emergencies such as pandemics,risk perception significant-ly influences individual behavioral patterns and mental health,with emotional responses playing an important mediating role.