Objective The Hybrid Education Competence Instrument(HybridEduCom)was sinicized,and its reliability and validity were tested.Methods The translation,cultural adjustment and pre-investigation of HybridEduCom were followed by the Brislin translation model.The reliability and validity of the HybridEduCom was tested by surveying 553 educators in medical and nursing related fields by convenience sampling from March to April 2024.Results The Chinese version of HybridEduCom consisted of 46 items in 5 dimensions:planning and resourcing competence,technology competence,interaction competence,digital pedagogy competence,and ethical competence in the hybrid education.The confirmatory factor analysis resulted in the second-order five-factor model,with the chi-square and degree of freedom ratio being 1.274,approximate root mean square error being 0.022,goodness of fit index being 0.913,and standard fit index(NFI)being 0.934,and Tucker-Lewis and comparative fit index being 0.985.All main evaluation indexes were within the acceptable range of the judgment criteria.The item-content validity index was 0.833-1.000,and the scale-content validity index was 0.968.The Cronbach's α for the whole scale was 0.982,while varied from 0.892 to 0.936 for each dimension.The test-retest reliability of the scale was 0.978.Conclusion The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of HybridEduCom were satisfactory,and it can serve as a valid assessment instrument for the implementation of hybrid education competence of Chinese higher medical and nursing educators.

To verify whether the two B-cell epitopes Pep1 and Pep4 in the FAdV-4 WZ fiber can be used as candidate epitopes for multivalent epitope vaccines,epitopes Pep1 and Pep4 were tandemly linked with the chicken infectious bronchitis virus strain M41 S1 protein gene in different patterns,and a recombinant fusion plasmid was constructed and expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3).It was confirmed by Western blot and ELISA tests that all four expressed fusion proteins reacted specific-ally with anti-M41 whole virus serum and WZ strain anti-Fiber 2-knob protein serum.After purifi-cation and immunization of BALB/c mice,specific antibodies against the peptide epitopes were de-tected in mouse sera.The results showed that the Pep4 epitope induced a stronger immune re-sponse than the Pep1 epitope.When Pep1 was connected with the amino and carboxyl termini of the fusion protein,respectively,both resulted in the production of the same level of anti-Pep1 anti-bodies in the immunized animals,whereas when Pep4 was connected with the carboxyl terminus of the fusion protein,the immunized animals produced a higher level of anti-Pep4-specific antibodies.This research indicates that the B cell epitopes Pep1 and Pep4 of the reactive WZ strain Fiber 2,when conjugated with proteins to form fusion proteins,can enhance the immunogenicity of Pep1 and Pep4 without affecting the antigenicity of the carrier protein.This study provides technical support and serves as a reference for the design and development of a multivalent epitope vaccine for FAdV-4.

This study aims to investigate the isolate and identify of infectious bronchitis virus(IBV)in chickens,and study its genetic variation and pathogenicity.In 2023,two strains named CK/CH/HN/SQ202301 and CK/CH/HN/SQ202302 were obtained from suspected infectious bronchitis(IB)infected materials collected in a region of Henan Province,China.Further analysis showed that the two isolates belong to the G Ⅰ-13 and GⅥ genotypes,respectively.The cleavage sites of S protein were all RRSRR.The prediction of glycosylation sites showed that the two isolates had 18 and 12 N-glycosylation sites respectively,but no O-glycosylation site.Recombinant analysis shows that C2023-1 was a recombinant strain.Pathogenicity was assessed by infecting 1-day-old SPF chicks with the two isolates,and the results showed that C2023-1 strain infection could cause clini-cal symptoms such as depression and head shaking,as well as death in chicks,with a mortality rate of 37.5％.There were no clinical symptoms or deaths after infection with C2023-2 strain.Viral load test results showed that both isolates continued to detoxify until the 10th day,and had strong rep-lication capacity in the kidney,trachea and bursa of Fabricius.The results indicate significant differences in the genetic characteristics and pathogenicity of the two isolates due to their different genotypes.This study not only provides new epidemiological data on IB,which contributes to a bet-ter understanding of IBV's epidemiological features and control challenges,but also adds valuable bioinformatics resources for IBV by analyzing its variation mechanisms and biological information.

To verify whether the two B-cell epitopes Pep1 and Pep4 in the FAdV-4 WZ fiber can be used as candidate epitopes for multivalent epitope vaccines,epitopes Pep1 and Pep4 were tandemly linked with the chicken infectious bronchitis virus strain M41 S1 protein gene in different patterns,and a recombinant fusion plasmid was constructed and expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3).It was confirmed by Western blot and ELISA tests that all four expressed fusion proteins reacted specific-ally with anti-M41 whole virus serum and WZ strain anti-Fiber 2-knob protein serum.After purifi-cation and immunization of BALB/c mice,specific antibodies against the peptide epitopes were de-tected in mouse sera.The results showed that the Pep4 epitope induced a stronger immune re-sponse than the Pep1 epitope.When Pep1 was connected with the amino and carboxyl termini of the fusion protein,respectively,both resulted in the production of the same level of anti-Pep1 anti-bodies in the immunized animals,whereas when Pep4 was connected with the carboxyl terminus of the fusion protein,the immunized animals produced a higher level of anti-Pep4-specific antibodies.This research indicates that the B cell epitopes Pep1 and Pep4 of the reactive WZ strain Fiber 2,when conjugated with proteins to form fusion proteins,can enhance the immunogenicity of Pep1 and Pep4 without affecting the antigenicity of the carrier protein.This study provides technical support and serves as a reference for the design and development of a multivalent epitope vaccine for FAdV-4.

This study aims to investigate the isolate and identify of infectious bronchitis virus(IBV)in chickens,and study its genetic variation and pathogenicity.In 2023,two strains named CK/CH/HN/SQ202301 and CK/CH/HN/SQ202302 were obtained from suspected infectious bronchitis(IB)infected materials collected in a region of Henan Province,China.Further analysis showed that the two isolates belong to the G Ⅰ-13 and GⅥ genotypes,respectively.The cleavage sites of S protein were all RRSRR.The prediction of glycosylation sites showed that the two isolates had 18 and 12 N-glycosylation sites respectively,but no O-glycosylation site.Recombinant analysis shows that C2023-1 was a recombinant strain.Pathogenicity was assessed by infecting 1-day-old SPF chicks with the two isolates,and the results showed that C2023-1 strain infection could cause clini-cal symptoms such as depression and head shaking,as well as death in chicks,with a mortality rate of 37.5％.There were no clinical symptoms or deaths after infection with C2023-2 strain.Viral load test results showed that both isolates continued to detoxify until the 10th day,and had strong rep-lication capacity in the kidney,trachea and bursa of Fabricius.The results indicate significant differences in the genetic characteristics and pathogenicity of the two isolates due to their different genotypes.This study not only provides new epidemiological data on IB,which contributes to a bet-ter understanding of IBV's epidemiological features and control challenges,but also adds valuable bioinformatics resources for IBV by analyzing its variation mechanisms and biological information.

Objective The Hybrid Education Competence Instrument(HybridEduCom)was sinicized,and its reliability and validity were tested.Methods The translation,cultural adjustment and pre-investigation of HybridEduCom were followed by the Brislin translation model.The reliability and validity of the HybridEduCom was tested by surveying 553 educators in medical and nursing related fields by convenience sampling from March to April 2024.Results The Chinese version of HybridEduCom consisted of 46 items in 5 dimensions:planning and resourcing competence,technology competence,interaction competence,digital pedagogy competence,and ethical competence in the hybrid education.The confirmatory factor analysis resulted in the second-order five-factor model,with the chi-square and degree of freedom ratio being 1.274,approximate root mean square error being 0.022,goodness of fit index being 0.913,and standard fit index(NFI)being 0.934,and Tucker-Lewis and comparative fit index being 0.985.All main evaluation indexes were within the acceptable range of the judgment criteria.The item-content validity index was 0.833-1.000,and the scale-content validity index was 0.968.The Cronbach's α for the whole scale was 0.982,while varied from 0.892 to 0.936 for each dimension.The test-retest reliability of the scale was 0.978.Conclusion The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of HybridEduCom were satisfactory,and it can serve as a valid assessment instrument for the implementation of hybrid education competence of Chinese higher medical and nursing educators.

Pleural mesothelioma （PM） is a rare malignant tumor originating from the pleura. Most patients are already in the advanced stage at the time of diagnosis， resulting in a low overall survival rate. MicroRNA （miRNA）， as key regulators of tumor epigenetic modification， have an intertwined interactive network with PM drug resistance. The mechanisms of drug resistance in PM to chemotherapeutic drugs include increasing drug efflux， reducing drug intake， enhancing DNA repair， and altering drug targets. The mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapy drugs include activating alternative signaling pathways， establishing a favorable tumor microenvironment， and triggering epithelial-mesenchymal transition. MiRNA plays a key part in the aforementioned resistance mechanisms， with some miRNAs promoting the drug sensitivity of cancer cells， while others contribute to increased drug resistance. In light of these key regulatory functions， targeting the dysregulated expression of endogenous miRNAs in the process of resistance formation using miRNA antagonists or miRNA mimics may be an effective therapeutic strategy to reverse drug resistance in PM.

Objective To observe the value of dual-energy CT(DECT)radiomics combined with clinical and CT features for predicting differentiation degree of gastric adenocarcinoma(GAC).Methods Totally 254 patients with GAC were prospectively analyzed and divided into high-grade group(low differentiation GAC,n=88)and low-grade group(middle-high differentiation GAC,n=166)according to pathological results.The patients were also divided into training set(n=203,including 70 high-grade and 133 low-grade GAC)and verification set(n=51,including 18 high-grade and 33 low-grade GAC)at the ratio of 8∶2.Radiomics features were extracted and screened based on venous phase single-level(40,70,100 and 140 keV)DECT,and a multi-energy radiomics model was constructed to predict GAC classification.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze clinical and CT features as well as DECT parameters in training set to construct a clinic-CT model.Then a combined model was constructed through combining clinic-CT model with radiomics model.The predictive efficacy of the models were evaluated,and the calibration degree of the combined model was assessed.Results The area under the curve(AUC)of clinic-CT model,multi-energy radiomics model and combined model was 0.74,0.75 and 0.78 in training set,and 0.73,0.77 and 0.78 in verification set,respectively.Except for AUC of combined model was higher than that of clinic-CT model in training set(P＜0.05),no significant difference of AUC was found among models in training set nor verification set(all P＞0.05).The calibration degree of combined model was good in both training set and verification set(both P＞0.05).Conclusion DECT radiomics combined with clinical and CT features could effectively predict differentiation degree of GAC.

Objective:To assess the quality of low-keV monoenergetic images using deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) algorithm combined with dual energy CT (DECT) in gastric cancer and to compare them with images from the conventional adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASiR-V) algorithm.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, DECT images of 31 gastric cancer patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were prospectively collected from September 2022 to March 2023. The 55 keV monoenergy images were reconstructed using the DLIR algorithm at low-, medium-, and high-intensity levels (DLIR-L, DLIR-M, and DLIR-H) based on arterial phase and venous phase images, respectively. The 70 keV 40% mixing coefficient (ASiR-V40%) images were reconstructed using the ASiR-V algorithm. In the objective evaluation of images, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for both lesions and muscle were calculated across four sets of reconstructed images. In the subjective evaluation of images, scores were assigned to the overall image quality, lesion visibility, and diagnostic confidence for each set of reconstructed images. Comparisons of SNR and CNR between the 4 groups were made by One-way repeated-measures ANOVA or Friedman′s test. Comparisons of scores were made by Friedman′s test. The P value of pairwise comparison was adjusted using Bonferroni correction methods. Results:In the objective evaluations, CNR lesion, SNR lesion and SNR muscle were highest on the 55 keV DLIR-H images in the arterial and venous phases, and showed a gradually increasing trend on the 70 keV ASiR-V40%, 55 keV DLIR-L, DLIR-M, DLIR-H images ( P<0.05). In subjective evaluations, compared to the 70 keV ASiR-V40% images, overall image quality scores were numerically higher for the 55 keV DLIR-H ( P>0.05), similar or slightly worse for the 55 keV DLIR-M, and significantly lower for the 55 keV DLIR-L ( P<0.05). The lesion visibility and diagnostic confidence on the 55 keV DLIR reconstruction images were higher in both arterial and venous phases than 70 keV ASiR-V40% images ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared to the conventional 70 keV ASiR-V40% images, the 55 keV DLIR-H images had higher lesion contrast and diagnostic confidence with lower image noise. The 55 keV DLIR-M images had comparable overall image quality to 70 keV ASiR-V40% images, but the former had higher lesion contrast and diagnostic confidence. The 55 keV DLIR-L was unable to improve image quality to the level of 70 keV ASiR-V40%.

Objective To observe the daily bladder and bowel preparation of patients with prostate cancer by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and analyze its impact on the precise implementation of radiotherapy for prostate cancer and side effects. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 38 patients with prostate cancer who underwent volumetric modulated arc therapy. The number of radiation fractions for each patient ranged from 25 to 35. A CBCT scan was performed before each daily radiation therapy, and the number of scans for each patient ranged from 25 to 40. Setup errors were adjusted to ensure that the tumor was targeted and the rectum wall was not in the high-dose target area of the prostate. There were 93 instances where treatment could not be successfully implemented and re-preparation and re-scanning were required. We calculated the success rate of treatment and setup errors, compared radiotherapist-adjusted error values under different bladder and bowel preparation conditions, and recorded radiotherapy-related side effects. Results The success rate of treatment in the 38 patients was (92.14 ± 5.25)%. Among the 93 instances of seriously inadequate preparation, 48.4% were due to insufficient bladder filling, and 30.1% were due to intestinal bloating. Radiotherapy side effects were negatively correlated with the success rate of treatment (r = −0.393, P = 0.015). When bladder filling was sufficient, there were no significant differences in radiotherapist-adjusted error values in the left-right (LR), superior-inferior (SI), and anterior-posterior (AP) directions between adequate and inadequate bowel preparation (P > 0.05). When the bladder was moderately or insufficiently filled, there were significant differences in radiotherapist-adjusted error values in the LR, SI, and AP directions between adequate and inadequate bowel preparation (P < 0.05). Conclusion Insufficient bladder filling and intestinal bloating are the main factors influencing the successful implementation of radiotherapy for prostate cancer. When the bladder is sufficiently filled, bowel preparation does not affect prostate position change.