Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Shanxi Province from 2012 to 2024, and predict the incidence trend for 2025, and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies. Methods Based on the surveillance data of HFMD in Shanxi Province from 2012 to 2024, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and time trends of the disease were analyzed. The ARIMA model was constructed and used to predict the incidence trend in 2025. Results From 2012 to 2024, a total of 254 028 HFMD cases were reported in Shanxi Province, with an average annual incidence rate of 54.17 per 100 000 population, a severe case rate of 0.56%, and a case fatality rate (CFR) of 12.60 per 100 000 population. Joinpoint regression analysis showed that the incidence rate, severe case rate, mortality rate, and case fatality rate all presented a downward trend. The epidemic exhibited obvious seasonal distribution characteristics, with the peak period from April to November, and two incidence peaks in June-July and October-November. The male-to-female incidence ratio was 1.41:1. Children aged 1-5 years accounted for 89.24% of the total cases, among which scattered children (58.48%) and nursery children (33.54%) were the high-risk groups. Linfen City (96.06 /100 000) and Taiyuan City (88.54 /100 000) had relatively high incidence rates. After 2017, the proportion of enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) decreased, while coxsackievirus A16 (Cox-A16) and other enteroviruses became the main epidemic strains. The ARIMA(1,0,1)(0,1,1)₁₂ model predicted that the incidence of HFMD in 2025 would remain at the level of 2023-2024, and the dual-peak characteristic would continue. Conclusion From 2012 to 2024, the overall HFMD epidemic in Shanxi Province generally shows a significant downward trend. The high-risk population includes scattered children and nursery children under 5 years old, with high-incidence areas concentrated in the central and southern regions, requiring focused attention. The seasonal ARIMA model can effectively fit the evolutionary trend of HFMD incidence in Shanxi Province and possesses short-term predictive capability.

Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory systemic disease in dermatology. Its high prevalence， recurrence rate， and numerous comorbidities impose a significant physical and mental burden on patients. With the continuous advancement of modern medicine， the emergence of biological agents has improved clinical efficacy， making it possible to overcome psoriasis， in addition to classical treatments. However， in clinical practice， adverse reactions， drug resistance， recurrence rates， and immune drift cannot be ignored. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has a history of thousands of years in treating psoriasis， demonstrating good efficacy， high safety， and a low recurrence rate， but a standardized management system is lacking. Therefore， the 25^th Clinical Diseases Responding Specially to TCM Treatment Series （Psoriasis） Youth Salon， hosted by the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine and organized by the Youth Committee of the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine， invited 29 experts and scholars from TCM， Western medicine， and interdisciplinary fields to actively discuss the "Advantages， Challenges， and Clinical Transformation of TCM and Western Medicine in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Psoriasis". The experts at the meeting concluded that the advantages of TCM in the treatment of psoriasis are as follows. Firstly， in the TCM-led treatment plan， TCM's understanding of psoriasis follows the principle of combining the differentiation of disease and syndrome. This approach distinguishes the basic contradiction from the current main contradiction and enables a clear grasp of the dynamic process of psoriasis development. Based on the system of syndrome differentiation and treatment， TCM intervention is applied to address the current main contradiction， and the optimal TCM treatment plan is formulated by combining internal and external treatments. Adhering to the principle of "what is visible outside must be addressed inside"， TCM can prevent and treat psoriasis comorbidities early by differentiating syndrome types. Secondly， in the integrated TCM and Western medicine treatment plan， the combination of both methods not only enhances efficacy but also reduces the adverse reactions of immunosuppressants and biological agents， lowering the recurrence rate. This conference provides a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis using TCM and integrated TCM and Western medicine， opening up new ideas for clinical and basic research and guiding future research directions.

Objective The purpose of the study is to breed homozygous interferon-γ knockout(IFN-γ-/-)mice and optimize the breeding strategies to achieve continuous and stable reproduction of IFN-γ-/-mice,which could be used as an ideal animal model for fundamental research.Methods Initially,heterozygous IFN-γ knockout(IFN-γ+/-)C57BL/6J mice were used as the parental generation for breeding.Subsequently,3 breeding strategies were employed using the offspring:(1)female heterozygotes mated with male heterozygotes;(2)male homozygotes mated with female heterozygotes;(3)female homozygotes mated with male homozygotes.The number and survival rate of IFN-γ-/-mice were compared across the three breeding strategies to determine the optimal breeding strategy.Under the optimal strategy,the effects of female mating age and diet type on the reproductive performance of IFN-γ-/-mice were further evaluated.Data from the first three litters of 60 IFN-γ-/-female mice,including litter size,number of weaning survivors,and weaning survival rate,were recorded and analyzed.In addition,the effects of dietary supplementation of pregnant mice and environmental optimization measures,such as the provision of shelters,were evaluated.Results Under conditions where the nutritional needs of pregnant mice were adequately met by supplementation with egg yolk and sunflower seeds,mating of female and male IFN-γ-/-mice result ed in a litter size of five to eight IFN-γ-/-mice,demonstrating higher efficiency compared to other breeding strategies.In addition,diet type and mating age significantly influenced female reproductive performance.When 7～9 weeks old female IFN-γ-/-mice were mated to male IFN-γ-/-mice and fed a high-protein breeding diet,litter size(6.9±1.7),weaning survival number(6.5％±2.0％)and weaning survival rate(93.2％±17.8％)were higher than those under other conditions.In addition,providing shelters to prevent fighting between breeding pairs further improved reproductive outcomes.Conclusions By adopting an optimized breeding strategy,combined with a high-protein diet,nutritional supplementation,and standardized mating age management,the breeding efficiency and stability of IFN-γ-/-mice can be significantly improved.This provides a reliable animal model for related research.

Objective To investigate status of postoperative kinesiophobia in patients with ankle fracture and to identify the factors influencing kinesiophobia,thereby offering references for developing targeted nursing interventions.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2023 and May 2024.With convenience sampling,338 first-time ankle fracture patients who received surgical treatment were recruited from a Tier-IIIA orthopaedic hospital in Xinjiang.Data was collected among the patients at 24 hours after surgery through the general information questionnaire,kinesiophobia scoring scale,pain visual analogue scale,hospital anxiety and depression scale,social support rating scale and general self-efficacy scale.Logistic regression was employed to identify factors influencing kinesiophobia.Results A total of 320 patients completed the study.The prevalence among the patients with kinesiophobia was 38.1%,and scored at(39.6±1.5).Logistic regression analysis identified that the pain,social support and self-efficacy were the independent risk factors of kinesiophobia(all P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with ankle fractures have a high prevalence of postoperative kinesiophobia.Pain,social support and self-efficacy are the key factors that influence kinesiophobia.Intervention strategies should be adopted in response to the influencing factors in order to promote the recovery of patients.

Objective To investigate status of postoperative kinesiophobia in patients with ankle fracture and to identify the factors influencing kinesiophobia,thereby offering references for developing targeted nursing interventions.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2023 and May 2024.With convenience sampling,338 first-time ankle fracture patients who received surgical treatment were recruited from a Tier-IIIA orthopaedic hospital in Xinjiang.Data was collected among the patients at 24 hours after surgery through the general information questionnaire,kinesiophobia scoring scale,pain visual analogue scale,hospital anxiety and depression scale,social support rating scale and general self-efficacy scale.Logistic regression was employed to identify factors influencing kinesiophobia.Results A total of 320 patients completed the study.The prevalence among the patients with kinesiophobia was 38.1%,and scored at(39.6±1.5).Logistic regression analysis identified that the pain,social support and self-efficacy were the independent risk factors of kinesiophobia(all P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with ankle fractures have a high prevalence of postoperative kinesiophobia.Pain,social support and self-efficacy are the key factors that influence kinesiophobia.Intervention strategies should be adopted in response to the influencing factors in order to promote the recovery of patients.

Objective To systematically evaluate the current status of quality of life in infertile patients and its influencing factors.Methods Computer search of PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Embase,CBM,Knowledge Network,Wanfang,and Wipu,with a search timeframe from the establishment of the library to December 2023,and meta-analysis using CMA 3.3 software.Results A total of 33 literatures were included in the current status of quality of life,which showed that the level of quality of life was 60.841[95％CI(58.029,63.654),P＜0.001]for the FertiQoL scale and 67.630[95％CI(59.541,75.718),P＜0.001]for the SF-36 scale.A total of 45 papers were included in the literature on factors influencing quality of life,and the results showed that personal trait factors of young age(r=0.181,P=0.006)and history of pregnancy(r=0.258,P＜0.001)were lowly positively correlated with quality of life,and that long years of infertility(r=-0.267,P＜0.001),a history of treatment failure(r=-0.292,P＜0.001),and long duration of treatment(r=-0.213,P＜0.001)had a low negative association with quality of life.Behavioural factors such as anxiety(r=-0.547,P＜0.001),depression(r=-0.556,P＜0.001),and stigma(r=-0.530,P＜0.001)were highly negatively correlated with the quality of life;high fertility stress(r=-0.333,P=0.010)was moderately negatively correlated with the quality of life;and good psychological resilience(r=0.383,P＜0.001)and high self-esteem(r=0.343,P=0.001)were moderately positively associated with quality of life.Interpersonal network factors of good relationship with husband(r=0.337,P＜0.001)were moderately positively correlated with quality of life,and having a reproductive history(r=0.124,P＜0.001)was lowly positively correlated with quality of life.Good occupation(r=0.149,P=0.002)was low positively associated with quality of life among the factors of work and living conditions;high annual household income(r=0.307,P＜0.001)was moderately positively associated with quality of life.Having health insurance in the policy environment(r=0.131,P＜0.001)was low positively associated with quality of life.Conclusion The level of quality of life of infertile patients is impaired to some extent and there are many influencing factors,so healthcare professionals should comprehensively assess the quality of life of patients and adopt targeted and personalised interventions to improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effect of lipocalin 2(LCN2)on epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)phosphorylation and its impact on inflammatory damage in human fallopian tube epithelial cells.Methods Human fallopian tube epithelial cells were isolated and a lipopolysaccharide(LPS)intervention was applied to establish an in vitro cell model.The cells were randomly assigned into the following groups:a blank control group(Control),a model group(Model),experimental groups(Model+si-LCN2 or Model+oe-LCN2),and negative control groups(Model+si-NC or Model+oe-NC).Changes in cell viability,apoptosis rates,inflam-matory levels,as well as the expression of EGFR mRNA,LCN2,EGFR,p-EGFR,and the ratio of p-EGFR/EGFR proteins were evaluated.Results Compared to the Model group,the Model+si-LCN2 group exhibited enhanced cell viability,a reduced apoptosis rate,and decreased expression of inflammatory factors(P＜0.05).Immunopre-cipitation analysis confirmed a direct interaction between LCN2 and EGFR.In comparison with the Model group,the Model+oe-LCN2 group demonstrated elevated levels of p-EGFR and the p-EGFR/EGFR ratio(P＜0.05),while no significant change was observed in total EGFR expression(P＞0.05).Conclusion Inhibition of LCN2-mediated EGFR phosphorylation enhances cell viability,reduces apoptosis,and mitigates inflammatory responses,thereby ameliorating LPS-induced inflammatory injury in human fallopian tube epithelial cells.

Objective To explore the impact of an intelligent puncture navigation used by different physicians with varying years of experience to perform the lung puncture biopsy surgery.Methods A retrospective selection was conducted of 182 patients who completed lung puncture biopsy surgery.The primary parameters were recorded included puncture time,the number of needle adjust-ments,dose length product(DLP),and complications.The physicians were categorized into high-experience and low-experience groups based on their years of clinical practice.The differences of navigation guidance and manual puncture were compared between the two groups.Results The use of navigation guidance significantly reduced the procedure time for both groups of physicians(P<0.05).Additionally,for the low-experience group,navigation guidance notably decreased the number of needle adjustments(P<0.05)and reduced the radiation dose received by patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of intelligent puncture navigation can shorten the procedure time,reduce the number of needle adjustments,and lower the radiation dose received by patients in lung puncture biopsy procedures.It also bridges the operational performance gap between low-experience and high-experience physicians,making it a val-uable imaging-guided tool for widespread adoption.

To implement the Opinions of the State Council of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Promoting the Inheritance and Innovative Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine， delve into the diseases specifically responding to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， and serve the building of advantageous specialties， clinical talent cultivation， national research layout， and academic innovation， the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine sponsored the salons in multiple fields to discuss the diseases specifically responding to TCM. On August 26， 2023， the 25^th salon on the diseases specifically responding to TCM was held in Shanghai. In view of the advantages of TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis， Chinese and western medicine experts and interdisciplinary researchers carried out extensive and in-depth discussions and formed specific suggestions and consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis with TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. However， there was still a lack of detailed research path. Under the guidance of the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine， this paper analyzes the problems in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis from the occurrence and development of psoriasis. According to the advantages and characteristics of TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis， this paper puts forward the main points of research layout for psoriasis from the three aspects of psoriasis diagnosis and treatment， comorbidity prevention， and chronic disease management as follows： ① optimization of the syndrome differentiation system for psoriasis， ② optimization of assessment indicators for psoriasis， ③ recurrence mechanisms of psoriasis， ④ construction and research of TCM prevention and treatment of psoriasis recurrence， ⑤ construction of the comorbidity spectrum and TCM theoretical system of psoriasis， ⑥ comorbidity mechanisms of psoriasis. Furthermore， this article proposed the research layout and directions， expected goals and values， and funding priorities. Therefore， on the basis of the series of salons about psoriasis as a disease specifically responding to TCM， this article puts forward the research paradigm of psoriasis， aiming to facilitate the high-quality development of TCM and provide reference for the national research layout， the research and development of new TCM preparations， the selection of research topics， and the formulation of guidelines and consensus.

Sonodynamic therapy（SDT）has garnered significant attention in cancer treatment modalities due to its superior tissue penetration capabilities，non-invasive approach，and controllability. SDT operates by utilizing sonosensitizers and ultrasound-responsive devices to induce the production of reactive oxygen species（ROS）under ultrasound stimulation，thereby eliciting immunogenic cell death（ICD）in tumor cells and the release of damage-associated molecular patterns，which in turn trigger an immune response against the tumor.However，the tumor microenvironment often results in a relatively weak immune response post-cancer treatment. To address this issue，extensive research is being conducted on combining SDT with immunotherapy，particularly focusing on immune checkpoint blockade（ICB）therapies. This review synthesizes the mechanisms of SDT，its integration with immunotherapy，especially ICB therapies，and the current state of research，with the objective of providing strategic guidance for the advancement of sonodynamic immunotherapy.