BACKGROUND: Inflammation plays a critical role in severe cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) pathogenesis, but the benefits of anti-inflammatory therapies remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between steroid therapy combined with anticoagulation and the prognosis of acute/subacute severe CVT patients. METHODS: A prospective cohort study enrolled patients with acute/subacute severe CVT at Xuanwu Hospital (July 2020-January 2024). Patients were allocated into steroid and non-steroid groups based on the treatment they received. Functional outcomes (modified Rankin scale [mRS]) were evaluated at admission, discharge, and 6 months after discharge. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IL-6, and intracranial pressure were measured at admission and discharge in the steroid group. Fundoscopic Frisén grades were assessed at admission and 6 months after discharge. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluat associations between steroid use and favorable outcomes (mRS ≤2) at the 6-month follow-up. Paired tests assessed changes in hs-CRP and other variables before and after treatment, and Spearman's correlations were used to analyze relationships between these changes and functional improvements. RESULTS: A total of 107 and 58 patients in the steroid and non-steroid groups, respectively, were included in the analysis. Compared with the non-steroid group, the steroid group had a higher likelihood of achieving an mRS score of 0-2 (93.5% vs . 82.5%, odds ratio [OR] = 2.98, P  = 0.037) at the 6-month follow-up. After adjusting for confounding factors, the result remained consistent. Pulsed steroid therapy did not increase mortality during hospitalization or follow-up, nor did it lead to severe steroid-related complications (all P  >0.05). Patients in the steroid group showed a significant reduction in serum hs-CRP, IL-6, CSF IL-6, and intracranial pressure at discharge compared to at admission, as well as a significant reduction in the fundoscopic Frisén grade at the 6-month follow-up compare to at admission (all P  <0.001). A reduction in serum inflammatory marker levels during hospitalization positively correlated with improvements in functional outcomes ( P  <0.05). CONCLUSION: Short-term steroid use may be an effective and safe adjuvant therapy for acute/subacute severe CVT when used alongside standard anticoagulant treatments, which are likely due to suppression of the inflammatory response. However, these findings require further validation in randomized controlled trials. TRAIL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT05990894.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use* ; C-Reactive Protein/metabolism* ; Interleukin-6/metabolism* ; Intracranial Thrombosis/drug therapy* ; Prospective Studies ; Steroids/therapeutic use* ; Venous Thrombosis/drug therapy*

Objective To systematically evaluate the risk factors for new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) after off-pump coronary bypass grafting (OPCABG). Methods PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Wanfang data, CBM, VIP, and CNKI databases were systematically searched by computer to collect studies related to the risk factors for NOAF after OPCABG from the establishment of the database to July 2023. Literature screening and quality evaluation were conducted independently by two researchers. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. RevMan 5.3 and Stata15.0 were used for meta-analysis. Results Finally, 19 case-control studies related to the risk factors for NOAF after OPCABG were included, all of which were high-quality literature with NOS score≥6 points, with a total of 7019 subjects. The results of meta-analysis showed that the following factors were associated with NOAF after OPCABG: (1) the patient’s own factors: age (MD=3.51, 95%CI 2.39 to 4.63, P<0.01); (2) preoperative factors: history of hypertension (OR=1.17, 95%CI 1.04 to 1.32, P=0.01), history of myocardial infarction (OR=1.21, 95%CI 1.06 to 1.38, P<0.01), history of percutaneous coronary intervention (OR=2.22, 95%CI 1.03 to 4.77, P=0.04), EuroSCOREⅡ score (MD=0.59, 95%CI 0.25 to 0.94, P<0.01), low-density lipoprotein (MD=0.11, 95%CI 0.02 to 0.20, P=0.02), left atrial diameter (MD=1.64, 95%CI 0.24 to 3.04, P=0.02); (3) postoperative and treatment factors: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (MD=1.16, 95%CI 0.33 to 1.99, P<0.01), left ventricular ejection fraction (MD=0.90, 95%CI 0.07 to 1.73, P=0.03), mechanical ventilation time (MD=2.78, 95%CI 1.65 to 3.90, P<0.01), B-type natriuretic peptide (MD=219.67, 95%CI 27.46 to 411.88, P=0.03), ICU retention time (MD=7.07, 95%CI 5.64 to 8.50, P<0.01). Conclusion The existing evidence shows that age, history of hypertension, history of myocardial infarction, history of percutaneous coronary intervention, preoperative EuroSCOREⅡscore, preoperative low-density lipoprotein, preoperative left atrial diameter, postoperative left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, postoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, postoperative mechanical ventilation time, postoperative B-type natriuretic peptide, and postoperative ICU retention time are risk factors for NOAF after OPCABG. Clinical attention should be paid to the above factors to achieve early identification, thereby reducing the incidence of NOAF after OPCABG and improving the clinical prognosis of patients.

Objective The objective of this study is to investigate whether there is a correlation between a high TyG index(serum triglyceride glucose index)and higher mortality rates among patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis(PD).Methods This study utilized a single-center retrospective cohort as the basis for its methods..From January 1,2007 to December 31,2015,a total of 519 PD patients kept under observation until December 31,2018.There searchers employed the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards modelsto examine the cor-relation between TyG index levels and mortality.Results Over a period of 40.5 months,104(20.0%)individuals with Parkinson's disease passed away,with 55(52.9%)of these deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease(CVD).The serum median TyG index at baseline was 8.44(6.48,11.94).Through Cox regression analysis subject to the adjustments of such parameters as gender,age,body mass index(BMI),presence of cardiovascular disease,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,hemoglobin,serum albumin,serum Ferritin,total cholesterol,renal residual function(RRF),An increased risk of all-cause mortality(HR = 2.22,95%CI:1.43～3.44,P＜0.001)and CVD mortality(HR = 2.50,95%CI:1.34～4.65,P = 0.004)was observed with a higher baseline TyG index(8.44).A comparable impact was observed in the correlation between the average TyG index over time(TA-TyG index)and both all-cause mortality and CVD mortality.(HR = 1.90,95%CI:1.25～2.90,P = 0.003;HR = 2.05,95%CI:1.14～3.70,P = 0.017,respectively).Conclusion PD patients with a higher serum TyG index have a greater risk of all-cause mortality and mortality related to cardiovascular disease.

Objective To analyze and explore the analgesic effect of Angelica dahurica in neuropathic pain and its regulatory effect on the Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member D(MrgprD)-transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)signaling pathway,using a mouse model of sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury(CCI).Methods A CCI mouse model was prepared by sterile surgical ligation and wrapping of the sciatic nerve in 30 mice.Pain-related behavioral changes induced by mechanical stimulation were detected by the VonFrey method,and the thermal hyperalgesic effects of Angelica dahurica were evaluated by thermal radiation experiments.The effects of Angelica dahurica on the protein expression levels MrgprD and TRPA1,the number of dorsal root ganglion(DRG)positive neurons,and mRNA levels of MrgprD and TRPA1 in mice were detected by Western Blot,immunofluorescence,and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,respectively.Differences in fluorescence signal intensity in HEK293 cells after single transfection and co-transfection with MrgprD and TRPA1 plasmids,respectively,were analyzed by calcium imaging experiments.Results A total of 25 CCI mouse models were successfully prepared,with a modeling rate of 83.33％(25/30).The mechanical threshold and foot retraction latency were significantly higher in CCI mice treated with Angelica dahurica compared with the control group(P＜0.05).Expression levels of MrgprD and TRPA1 proteins were significantly lower in CCI mice treated with Angelica dahurica than in the control group(P＜0.05).The number of MrgprD-and TRPA1-positive neurons in the DRG was significantly lower group(P＜0.05)and the mRNA levels of MrgprD and TRPA1 were also significantly lower in CCI mice treated with Angelica dahurica than in the control group(P＜0.05).The fluorescence intensity was significantly higher in HEK293 cells co-transfected with MrgprD and TRPA1 plasmids than in single-transfected and blank control cells(P＜0.05).Conclusions This study demonstrated that the MrgprD-TRPA1 pathway is an important target for neuropathic pain,and indicated that Angelica dahurica can inhibit neuropathic pain by regulating this signal transduction pathway.These result provide a foundation for further research on the development of new clinical analgesic drugs and analgesic mechanisms.

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of cy cloastragenol （CAG） on carbon tetrachloride （CCl4）-induced hepatic fibrosis（HF）and glycolysis in mice. METHODS Male ICR mice were randomly divided into blank group ，model group ，CAG low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose groups （60，120，240 mg/kg），with 6 mice in each group. Except that blank group was given olive oil intraperitoneally ，the mice in other groups were intraperitoneally injected with 10％CCl4-olive oil solution （5 mL/kg） three times a week for 8 weeks to induce HF model. From the 4th week after modeling ，mice in each drug group were given corresponding drug solution intragastrically （10 mL/kg），and mice in blank group and model group were given 0.5％ sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution intragastrically （10 mL/kg），once a day for 4 weeks. During the experiment ，the body weight of mice were weighted ；after last gastrogavage ，the liver weight was weighted and liver indexes of mice were calculated. The changes of hepatic injury indexes [aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）]， related indexes of HF [hematoxylin-eosin （HE）staining score ，Masson and Picrosirius red staining collagen volume fraction ，collagen Ⅰ，α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）] and related indexes of glycolysis [lactic acid （LD），hexokinase（HK），phosphofructokinase（PFK）， pyruvate kinase （PK）] were all detected. RESULTS Compared with model group ，the collagen deposition and fibrosis of mice in each drug group were reduced ，and the body weights of mice （except for CAG low-dose group ）were increased to some extent （P＜0.05）. Liver indexes ，serum levels of ALT and AST ，HE staining score of liver histopathology ，Masson and Picrosirius red staining collagen volume fraction ，protein expression of collagen Ⅰ and α-SMA，serum content of LD ，the levels of HK ，PFK and PK in serum and hepatic tissues （except for hepatic tissue of CAG low-dose group ）were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS CAG can improve HF in mice induced by CCl 4，and reduce the levels of key enzymes and products of glycolysis.

Background::High sodium intake is an important risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, the association between gut microbiota composition and metabolomic profiles with dietary sodium intake and blood pressure (BP) is not well-understood. The metabolome, microbiome, and dietary salt intervention (MetaSalt) study aimed to investigate microbial and metabolomic profiles related to dietary sodium intake and BP regulation.Methods::This family-based intervention study was conducted in four communities across three provinces in rural northern China in 2019. Probands with untreated prehypertension or stage-1 hypertension were identified through community-based BP screening, and family members including siblings, offspring, spouses, and parents were subsequently included. All participants participated in a 3-day baseline examination with usual diet consumption, followed by a 10-day low-salt diet (3 g/d of salt or 51.3 mmol/d of sodium) and a 10-day high-salt diet (18 g/d of salt or 307.8 mmol/d of sodium). Differences in mean BP levels were compared according to the intervention phases using a paired Student's t-test.Results::A total of 528 participants were included in this study, with a mean age of 48.1 years, 36.7% of whom were male, 76.8% had a middle school (69.7%) or higher (7.1%) diploma, 23.4% had a history of smoking, and 24.4% were current drinkers. The mean arterial pressure at baseline was 97.2 ± 10.5 mm Hg for all participants, and significantly decreased during the low-salt intervention (93.8 ± 9.3, P < 0.0001) and subsequently increased during the high-salt intervention (96.4 ± 10.0, P < 0.0001). Conclusions::Our dietary salt intervention study has successfully recruited participants and will facilitate to evaluate the effects of gut microbiota and metabolites on BP regulation in response to sodium burden, which will provide important evidence for investigating the underlying mechanisms in the development of hypertension and subsequent cardiovascular diseases.Trial registration::The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry database (ChiCTR1900025171).

Background::High sodium intake is an important risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, the association between gut microbiota composition and metabolomic profiles with dietary sodium intake and blood pressure (BP) is not well-understood. The metabolome, microbiome, and dietary salt intervention (MetaSalt) study aimed to investigate microbial and metabolomic profiles related to dietary sodium intake and BP regulation.Methods::This family-based intervention study was conducted in four communities across three provinces in rural northern China in 2019. Probands with untreated prehypertension or stage-1 hypertension were identified through community-based BP screening, and family members including siblings, offspring, spouses, and parents were subsequently included. All participants participated in a 3-day baseline examination with usual diet consumption, followed by a 10-day low-salt diet (3 g/d of salt or 51.3 mmol/d of sodium) and a 10-day high-salt diet (18 g/d of salt or 307.8 mmol/d of sodium). Differences in mean BP levels were compared according to the intervention phases using a paired Student's t-test.Results::A total of 528 participants were included in this study, with a mean age of 48.1 years, 36.7% of whom were male, 76.8% had a middle school (69.7%) or higher (7.1%) diploma, 23.4% had a history of smoking, and 24.4% were current drinkers. The mean arterial pressure at baseline was 97.2 ± 10.5 mm Hg for all participants, and significantly decreased during the low-salt intervention (93.8 ± 9.3, P < 0.0001) and subsequently increased during the high-salt intervention (96.4 ± 10.0, P < 0.0001). Conclusions::Our dietary salt intervention study has successfully recruited participants and will facilitate to evaluate the effects of gut microbiota and metabolites on BP regulation in response to sodium burden, which will provide important evidence for investigating the underlying mechanisms in the development of hypertension and subsequent cardiovascular diseases.Trial registration::The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry database (ChiCTR1900025171).

Objective:To investigate the protective effects of Elabela(ELA) on the renal injury of db/db mice and its possible mechanism.Methods:Sixteen eight-week-old male db/db mice were intraperitoneally injected with ELA(5 mg·kg -1·day -1) or equivalent normal saline( n=8) for 8 weeks. Eight age-matched male db/m mice received equivalent normal saline injection as normal control. At the end of the experiment, blood and urine samples were obtained for HbA 1C and urinary albumin/creatinine(ACR) measurements. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expression of ELA. Histopathological changes in kidney tissue were observed by HE staining and Masson staining. The levels of collagen type Ⅳ(Col-Ⅳ) and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) as well as Yes-associated protein(YAP) phosphorylation in kidney tissue were examined by western blot. Results:Immunohistochemistry results showed that ELA expression was decreased in the renal tissue of db/db mice as compared with that of db/m mice( P<0.05). After ELA treatment, ACR and blood pressure were markedly decreased in db/db mice( P<0.05), but without significant changes in the body weight and HbA 1C. Renal tubular epithelial cells edema, basement membrane thickening, and increased collagen fiber in db/db were improved by ELA administration. Compared with db/m mice, the levels of TGF-β1 and Col-Ⅳ expression, as well as YAP phosphorylation were significantly increased in renal tissue of db/db mice(0.98±0.08 vs 0.68±0.10, 1.10±0.14 vs 0.51±0.08, 3.38±0.72 vs 0.81±0.13, all P<0.05), which were down-regulated after ELA administration(0.80±0.06, 0.51±0.05, 2.21±0.22, all P<0.05). Conclusion:ELA may improve the renal injury of db/db mice by regulating the signaling pathway of YAP, thereby delaying the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in 34 adult patients and to improve the level of diagnosis of this disease.Methods The clinical manifestations,laboratory results and radiological features of 34 adult patients with JE in our hospital from July 2017 to September 2017 were summarized and the progonsis was observed.The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the progonsis.Results Eighteen patients were males and 16 patients were females with the average age of (45.39 ± 16.34) years in 34 patients who were diagnosed as JE.The major clinical features of JE patients included fever (34,100％) with the average temperature of (39.4 ± 1.1) ℃ on admission,headache (26,76％),seizures (7,21％),decreased consciousness (25,74％) on day 2.6 ± 1.4 after the onset,respiratory failure (9,26％) on day 3.8 ± 1.6 after the onset.The major features of laboratory results included white blood cells increase (15,44％),blood hematocrit decrease (25,74％),eosinophil absolute value decrease (29,85％),cerebrospinal fluid pressure increase (12,35％),cerebrospinal fluid protein increase (27,79％),cerebrospinal fluid white blood cells increase (30,88％).Brain MRI scan of abnormal signal was found abnormal in up to 54％patients (14/26),involving the thalamus,basal ganglia,mesencephalon,temporal lobe,hippocampus and occipital lobe,especially in the area of bilateral thalamus and mesencephalon.The follow-up showed three cases were dead;mRS score was 0 in twenty-one cases,1 or 2 in five cases,3 or 4 in three cases,5 in two cases five-six months after onset;the sequelaes were cognitive impairment in nine patients and movement disorder in five patients.Conclusions The clinical symptoms of JE in adults are severe.The main clinical manifestations of JE are hyperthermia,disturbance of consciousness,seizures and respiratory failure,with characteristic imaging findings on brain MRI.JE is a disease with high mortality and severe long-term sequelae.

Objective To explore the treatment effect on cervical Paiteling cervical high-risk human papiloma virus(HPV) infection outcome.MethodsRandomly selected from our hospital during January 2014 to January 2016 in 120 cases of cervical high-risk HPV infection patients as the research object, of which 40 cases were treated with Paiteling treatment (Paiteling group), 40 patients were treated with foscarnet sodium (foscarnet sodium group).Another 40 patients without intervention (control group).The outcome of HPV infection in three groups was compared.ResultsPatients with negative rate of special spirit (87.50%) and foscarnet sodium group (55.00%) and control group (50.00%) was statistically significant(P<0.05), and the special spirit Group continued the positive rate (2.50%) was significantly lower than the control group (42.50%) and foscarnet sodium group (37.50%).However, there was no significant difference between the groups in the rate of improvement and the incidence of new infections.There was no significant difference between the control group and the positive rate (50.00%) in the control group (42.50%) compared with that in the control group.ConclusionPaiteling treatment of clinical effect of cervical high-risk HPV infection, can effectively improve the symptoms of HPV infection, which can shorten the HPV clearance time, has positive clinical significance.