Objective: To establish a prenatal non-invasive method for combined detection of fetal ABO, RhD, and RhCE blood group genotypes based on fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR) technology, and to evaluate its clinical value in the early prenatal diagnosis of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). Methods: A total of 200 high-risk singleton pregnant women who underwent prenatal examinations in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2024 were prospectively enrolled. They were divided into four groups: the ABO incompatibility group (n=100), the RhD incompatibility group (n=50), the RhCE incompatibility group (n=50), and the control group (n=200). FQ-PCR technology was used to detect cell-free fetal DNA (cff-DNA) in maternal plasma, targeting the ABO system (261delG, 796C>A), exons 5/7 of the RHD gene, and the key loci of RhCE system (C/c, E/e). After delivery, the blood group of newborn was verified by serological testing of umbilical cord blood., and the hemolysis panel tests (direct antiglobulin test, free antibody test, and antibody release test) were performed to evaluate the detection consistency and identify high-risk factors. Results: The detection coincidence rates for ABO, RhD, and RhCE blood groups were 98.0% (98/100), 100.0% (50/50), and 96.0% (48/50), respectively. The incidence of HDFN in the ABO incompatibility group was 69.0% (69/100), which is significantly higher than that in the RhD incompatibility group (10.0%, 5/50) and the RhCE incompatibility group (2.0%, 1/50). Multivariate analysis identified maternal blood type O (OR=3.021), maternal RhD-negative (OR=5.253), and maternal age ≥35 years (OR=1.950) as independent risk factors for HDFN (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Prenatal non-invasive combined detection of multiple blood group antigen genotypes can significantly improve the efficiency of early diagnosis of HDFN and provide accurate early warning for high-risk pregnant women.

Objective To analyze dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) radiomic features using machine learning algorithms, and to develop and validate a predictive model for HER-2 status in breast cancer. Methods The DCE-MRI images of 272 treatment-naive female patients with breast cancer between 2020 and 2022 were included in this study. Regions of interest (ROIs) were manually segmented using 3d-Slicer software, and radiomic features were extracted. All patients were randomly divided into training sets or validation sets at a ratio of 4∶1. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was used for feature screening on the training set, followed by the development of predictive models using six machine learning algorithms. Internal cross-validation was performed to compare the performance differences between the models. The best-performing model was selected, trained on the training set, and evaluated on the validation set. Evaluation metrics included area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, precision, and recall rate. Results The clinical data of patients in the training set and validation set showed no significant differences. Five features were identified by the LASSO algorithm. With these features, six machine learning models were developed on the training set, and their predictive performance was internally cross-validated using the bagging method. XGBoost model had the highest mean AUC (0.696), followed by RF model (0.690); XGBoost model had the highest mean precision (0.756), followed by LR and RF models. Therefore, XGBoost was the optimal model. An HER-2 predictive model was built using the XGBoost algorithm on the training set and applied to the validation set. The AUC, precision, sensitivity, and specificity of the predictive model on the validation set were calculated, and ROC curves, precision-recall curves, calibration curves, and decision-making curves were plotted. Conclusion This study constructed and evaluated different DCE-MRI radiomics-based machine learning models for predicting HER-2 status in breast cancer. Among them, XGBoost algorithm performed the best and has the potential to become a new non-invasive method for preoperative prediction of HER-2 status, providing reliable evidence for personalized clinical diagnosis and treatment.

The scientific interpretation of the theory of medicinal properties of TCM is a research hotspot in the modernization of TCM. It is of great value to clarify the property and degree of cold and heat in Chinese materia medica for guiding clinical precise medication. In recent years, the research on the cold and heat properties of Chinese materia medica has been carried out at the animal, cell and molecular levels. Based on the objective material basis of medicinal properties, from the perspective of biological effects such as thermodynamics and multiomics; with the help of infrared thermal imaging and other technologies for analysis; forming a variety of research models such as "property-structure relationship". Related research has developed from a single material component or index to a new model that tends to integrate multi-source information and multi-dimensional data. However, how to deal with the problems of large sample size, strong redundancy, high heterogeneity, and how to integrate multi-dimensional information are still research difficulties. With its powerful computing and learning ability, machine learning can show good discrimination and prediction ability in the study of cold and hot properties of Chinese materia medica, and play an important role in the study of cold and hot properties of Chinese materia medica. At present, the most widely used algorithms are linear discriminant analysis, Logistic discriminant analysis, support vector machine, decision tree, random forest and so on. The data dimension of the existing research needs to be enriched, the algorithm has room for further optimization, and a more detailed discriminant model of cold and hot properties of Chinese materia medica needs to be established.

Objective : To investigate the effects of acarbose and pioglitazone on the levels of sex hormones in adult female rats ，and to explore their regulatory effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis ( HPOA) and its mechanism． Methods : Adult female SD rats aged 2 months were randomly divided into 0．9% sodium chloride so- lution control group (NS) ，acarbose low (AL) ，medium (AM) and high (AH) dose groups and pioglitazone low (PL) ，medium (PM) and high (PH) dose groups．AL，AM and AH groups were given 20，40 and 60 mg / (kg · d) acarbose，and PL，PM and PH groups were given 5，10 and 15 mg / (kg · d) pioglitazone，respectively．Af- ter 28 days of intervention，serum gonadotropin (FSH，LH) and ovarian secreted hormone ( E2，P，T) were de- tected by ELISA，and the effects of acarbose and pioglitazone on HPOA were investigated by organ index analysis and histopathological observation of pituitary gland and ovary． Results : Compared with the NS group，the serum FSH in the PL，PM and PH groups decreased ( all P＜0. 01) ，the serum LH in the PL，PM and PH groups de- creased (P＜0. 05，P＜0. 01，P ＜0. 01) ，and the organ indices in the PM and PH groups decreased ( all P < 0. 01) ．HE staining of the adenohypophysis in the PL，PM and PH groups showed an increase in eosinophils，a de- crease in basophils，and an expansion and increase in the number of blood sinuses．In the PM and PH groups，HE staining of the ovaries showed that there were no significant differences in follicles at all levels，but the development was poor，the number of primordial follicles decreased，and the number of corpus luteum increased．Compared with the NS group，the serum P in the AM and AH groups decreased ( all P ＜0. 01) ，and serum E2 in AM and AH groups decreasd (all P＜0. 05) ． Conclusion Pioglitazone affects HPOA by regulating pituitary function directly． However，the effect of acarbose on HPOA may be mediated through the gut-brain axis，and has no direct correlation with the ovarian structure．

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of microRNA-93-5p (miR-93-5p) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods A total of 60 patients with T2DM (T2DM group), 57 patients with T2DM complicated with CHD (T2DM with CHD group), and 60 healthy individuals (control group) were enrolled in this study from August 2019 to May 2021. The general information, serum miR-93-5p, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were compared among the T2DM with CHD group, control group and T2DM group; the relationships of serum miR-93-5p and IL-6 levels with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting insulin (FINS), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and total cholesterol (TC) were analyzed in T2DM with CHD patients; the influencing factors of T2DM complicated with CHD were analyzed; the predictive value of serum miR-93-5p and IL-6 for T2DM complicated with CHD was evaluated. Results The levels of LDL-C, FINS, TG, FPG, TC, HbA1c, serum miR-93-5p, and IL-6 in the T2DM with CHD group and T2DM group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the HDL-C level was significantly lower (P < 0.01); the levels of LDL-C, FINS, TG, FPG, TC, HbA1c, serum miR-93-5p, and IL-6 in the T2DM with CHD group were significantly higher than those in the T2DM group, while the HDL-C level was significantly lower (P < 0.01). The serum miR-93-5p and IL-6 levels in T2DM with CHD patients were positively correlated with LDL-C, FINS, HbA1c, TC and FPG (P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with HDL-C (P < 0.01); the expression level of miR-93-5p in serum was positively correlated with IL-6 (P < 0.05). LDL-C, FINS, FPG, HbA1c, TC, miR-93-5p, and IL-6 were the influencing factors of T2DM complicated with CHD (P < 0.05); the area under the curve (AUC) of serum miR-93-5p and IL-6 for predicting T2DM complicated with CHD was 0.888 and 0.898 respectively, with cut-off values of 2.59 and 77.98 ng/L respectively, sensitivity of 75.4% for both serum miR-93-5p and IL-6, and the specificity was 89.2% for miR-93-5p and 85.8% for IL-6; the AUC of the combined prediction of miR-93-5p and IL-6 for T2DM complicated with CHD was 0.939, with sensitivity and specificity of 91.2% and 83.3% respectively. Conclusion The serum miR-93-5p level is elevated in patients with T2DM complicated with CHD, and miR-93-5p together with IL-6 may participate in the process of T2DM complicated with CHD. The combined detection of IL-6 and miR-93-5p is expected to serve as an auxiliary method for prediction of T2DM complicated with CHD.

Objective:To review the scope of research on the application of blood flow restriction training in the rehabilitation of patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.Methods:According to the research method of scoping review, computer searches were conducted on China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, China Biology Medicine disc, VIP, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, with the search period was from eatablishment of databases to December 31, 2022. The included literatures were screened, summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 16 literatures were included, all of which were randomized controlled trials. The basic content of blood flow restriction training intervention included 8 aspects, such as intervention time, training intensity, training amount, training mode, frequency, interval time, training cycle and blood flow restriction pressure. The effect evaluation mainly involved two kinds of indexes, namely safety indicators and efficacy indicators.Conclusions:Blood flow restriction training can effectively enhance muscle strength and improve knee joint function in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. Future studies should focus on exploring the best intervention strategy, formulating standardized and unified evaluation criteria and providing the best blood flow restriction training program for patients undergoing ACL reconstruction.

Objective To explore the joint contact force, ligament tensile force and force transmission mode of foot internal structure in Down’s syndrome child (DSC) during standing. Methods The finite element models of foot were constructed based on CT image data from one DSC and one typically developing child (TDC). The models were validated by plantar pressure measurement during static standing. To simulate foot force during standing, the ground reaction force and the triceps surae force were applied as the loading condition. Contact pressure of the tibiotalar, talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints, tensile force of the spring and plantar calcaneocuboid ligaments, and force transmission mode in transverse tarsal joints were calculated and analyzed. Results The finite element models of foot were validated to be reliable. Compared with the TDC, the DSC showed higher contact pressure at the tibiotalar joint and lower contact pressure at the talonavicular joint. The tensile force of spring and plantar calcaneocuboid ligaments of DSC was 10 times and 58 times of TDC, respectively. The forces transmitted through both mediate and lateral columns in DSC were lower than those in TDC. Conclusions Abnormal contact pressure of the tibiotalar joint, larger tensile force of midfoot ligaments and smaller force of the transverse tarsal joint were found in DSC during standing. The abnormal alteration of stress patterns in foot internal structure of DSC should be fully considered in clinical rehabilitation, so as to provide theoretical references for screening and making intervention plans for early rehabilitation, as well as designing individualized orthopedic insoles.

Objective: To compare the hyoid bone position among patients with different sagittal skeletal malocclusions to provide a reference for clinicians to formulate treatment plans. Methods: Lateral cephalograms of 284 orthodontic patients were selected. According to ANB angles, the types of skeletal malocclusion of patients were determined as follows: Class Ⅰ (1° ≤ ANB ≤ 5°), Class Ⅱ (ANB>5°) and Class Ⅲ (ANB<1°). Ten parameters were used to determine hyoid positions. After comparing the hyoid positions of the three groups, stratified analyses based on sex and age were conducted. Results : No significant differences in demographic and vertical facial type features among skeletal Classes Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients were observed (P>0.05). The angle between the Gonion-hyoid point line and the hyoid point-Menton line (Go-Hy-Me) of Class Ⅱ patients was significantly smaller than that of Class Ⅰ patients, and the angle between the most anterior and inferior point of the third cervical vertebra-hyoid point line and the hyoid point-Sella line (C3-Hy-S) of Class Ⅲ patients was smaller than that of Class I patients (P<0.05). Age-stratified analysis showed that in the juvenile group, the C3-Hy-S of Class Ⅲ patients was significantly smaller than that of Class Ⅰ patients in males and females (P<0.05). In the adult female group, the Go-Hy-Me of Class Ⅱ patients was significantly smaller, and the distance from the hyoid point to the mandibular plane (Hy-MP) was larger than that noted in Class Ⅰ patients (P<0.05); no significant difference in hyoid position between male Class Ⅱ and I patients was observed (P>0.05). Conclusions Compared with Class Ⅰ patients, the hyoid bone of Class Ⅱ patients in adult females was farther away from the mandible and that of Class Ⅲ patients in juveniles was farther away from the cervical vertebra and posterior cranial base.

Pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) is a prototypical member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. PXR can be activated by both endobiotics and xenobiotics. As a key xenobiotic receptor, the cellular function of PXR is mostly exerted by its binding to the regulatory gene sequences in a ligand-dependent manner. Classical downstream target genes of PXR participate in xenobiotic responses, such as detoxification, metabolism and inflammation. Emerging evidence also implicates PXR signaling in the processes of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, proliferation, angiogenesis and oxidative stress, which are closely related to cancer. Here, we discussed, in addition to the characterization of PXR , the biological function and regulatory mechanism of PXR signaling in cancer, and its potential for the targeted prevention and therapeutics.

Objective:To observe and compare the changes of pulmonary function in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis regular treatment for 3 months.Methods:From April 2018 to June 2019, 500 tuberculosis patients who received regular anti tuberculosis treatment in our hospital were selected.The pulmonary function of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was measured before treatment and at the end of three months; the results of pulmonary ventilation function, lung volume, diffusing capacity, and the value of forced vital capacity (FVC), maximum expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1), maximum expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity (FEV 1/FVC), total lung volume (TLC), residual volume (RV), carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (D LCO) were compared. Results:252 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were included. Before treatment and at the end of three months, the abnormal pulmonary function results were 204 cases (80.95%) and 193 cases (76.59%), respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Among them, abnormal pulmonary ventilation function is the most common, especially with obstructive, followed by abnormal diffusing capacity. At the end of three months, the proportions of patients with normal pulmonary ventilation function and normal lung volume were higher than that before treatment ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the proportion of normal diffusing capacity before and after treatment ( P>0.05). The values of FVC, FEV 1, TLC and D LCO at the end of three months were higher than those before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-6.414, -6.754, -3.863, -3.311, all P<0.01). Conclusions:Most patients with pulmonary tuberculosis have abnormal pulmonary function. At the end of the three months treatment, the normal rates of the pulmonary ventilation function and lung volume as well as the values of FVC, FEV 1, TLC and D LCO in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were significantly improved compared with those before treatment.