OBJECTIVE: To provide the experience and demonstration for the transformation of acupuncture-moxibustion techniques standards from Chinese national standards to international standards. METHODS: Questionnaire research, literature research, semi-structured interviews and expert consultation were used. RESULTS: The safety of acupuncture-moxibustion techniques was evaluated through literature research, and based on the results of the questionnaire survey, expert interviews, and expert consultation, 11 main bodies and structure of the former Chinese national standard, Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion: General Rules for Drafting, were adjusted and optimized in accordance with the requirements of international standard (including the language, normative references, purpose, scope, applicable environment, target population, work team, terms and definitions, general principles and basic requirements, structural elements and text structure, and compilation process); and the first international standard, World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societis (WFAS) Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion: General Rules for Drafting was formulated to specify the general rules for drafting. CONCLUSION The 3 key questions, "international compatibility", "technical operability" and "safety" should be solved technically on the basis of explicit international requirements. It is the core technical issue during transforming the national standards of technical benchmark of acupuncture and moxibustion into international standards.
Moxibustion/methods* ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Humans ; Translational Research, Biomedical/standards* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; China ; Benchmarking/standards*

This review aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the etiology, epidemiology, pathology, and conventional treatment of heterotopic ossification (HO), especially emerging potential therapies. HO is the process of ectopic bone formation at non-skeletal sites. HO can be subdivided into two major forms, acquired and hereditary, with acquired HO predominating. Hereditary HO is a rare and life-threatening genetic disorder, but both acquired and hereditary form can cause severe complications, such as peripheral nerve entrapment, pressure ulcers, and disability if joint ankylosis develops, which heavily contributes to a reduced quality of life. Modalities have been proposed to treat HO, but none have emerged as the gold standard. Surgical excision remains the only effective modality; however, the optimal timing is controversial and may cause HO recurrence. Recently, potential therapeutic strategies have emerged that focus on the signaling pathways involved in HO, and small molecule inhibitors have been shown to be promising. Moreover, additional specific targets, such as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and non-coding RNAs, could be used to effectively block HO or develop combinatorial therapies for HO.
Humans ; Ossification, Heterotopic/genetics*

Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

Objective To investigate the current situations of economic toxicity in hematological malignancies patients,and explore it's correlation with quality of life and psychological resilience.Methods A total of 135 hematological malignancies patients admitted in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University from December 2022 to October 2023 were selected as subjects.Patients were surveyed by using general information and disease-related information questionnaires,comprehensive scores for financial toxicity,European organization for research and treatment of cancer core questionnaire,connor-davidson resilience scale,social support rating sale.Correlation analysis was performed by using the Pearson method.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors of economic toxicity after controlling for confounding factors.Results Economic toxicity score of 135 hematological malignancies patients was(15.95±0.84)points,of which 82.2％of them had economic toxicity.It was positively correlated with functional quality of life(r-0.464,P=＜0.001)and psychological resilience(r=0.232,P=0.007),and negatively correlated with symptomatic psychological quality(r=-0.440,P＜0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that quality of life,knowledge of the treatment cost,course of treatment,patient personality and have no second caregiver were influencing factors of economic toxicity of hematological malignancies(P＜0.05).Conclusion Hematological malignancies patients have a higher level of economic toxicity,which can affect their quality of life and psychological resilience.

Patients with leukemic non-nodal mantle cell lymphoma (nnMCL) typically exhibit an indolent clinical course, and when asymptomatic and without treatment indications, a watchful observation follow-up can be adopted. This article presents a retrospective summary of a case of nnMCL, misdiagnosed as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and carrying a TP53 mutation, along with a literature review. The case highlights the importance of differential diagnosis between nnMCL and CLL, and suggests that for nnMCL patients, the presence of high-risk biological markers such as TP53 mutations does not necessarily indicate an immediate need for treatment; rather, a strict watch-and-wait strategy may be a more appropriate option.

Objective:To explore the impact of age on the genetic variant spectrum and prognosis of patients with previously untreated Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data and follow-up information of 254 previously untreated DLBCL patients from 14 hospitals in the Jiangsu Cooperative Lymphoma Group (JCLG) enrolled from July 2018 and July 2023. Following extraction of DNA from tumor tissue samples, next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique was employed to analyze the genetic variant spectrum of the DLBCL patients, with an evaluation of the relationship between age and genetic variants as well as prognosis. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University (Ethics No.: 2023-K048-01).Results:The median age of the 254 DLBCL patients was 62 years old, with 55% of patients aged 60 years or above. Clinical evaluation showed that younger (< 60 years) patients had higher complete response (CR) (70% vs. 59%), and objective response rate (ORR) (88% vs. 79%) than older patients, though the difference between the two groups was not statistically. Survival analysis indicated that both the five-year overall survival (OS) (82.7% vs. 71.7%, P=0.006) and progression-free survival (PFS) (70.6% vs. 50.2%, P<0.05) rates were significantly higher in younger patients. NGS showed that 99.6% of the patients harbored genetic variants, with PIM1, KMT2D, TP53, MYD88, and CD79B being the most common genes. Age significantly affected the variant frequency of certain genes, with MYC variants serving an adverse prognostic factor for OS in younger patients ( P=0.001), while TP53 ( P=0.024) and BCL2 ( P=0.002) variants significantly impacted OS in older patients. Prognostic analysis identified age ≥ 60 years ( HR=3.439, 95% CI=1.318~9.874), presence of B symptoms ( HR = 2.871, 95% CI=1.133~7.307), and elevated lactate dehydrogenase ( HR=3.528, 95% CI=1.231~10.66) as independent adverse prognostic factors. Conclusion:Age, genetic variants, and clinical factors may significantly affect the prognosis of the DLBCL patients. Younger patients have better survival compared to older patients. Variants of the MYC, BCL2, and TP53 genes are closely associated with poor prognosis.

Objective:To explore the role and mechanism of serum response factor (SRF) and lncRNA FGD5-AS1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).Methods:The plasma and tissue wax of LUAD patients treated in Tangshan People's Hospital from 2020 to 2022 and the plasma of healthy people were collected. The expression of SRF in LUAD tissues and cells, and the expression of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 in LUAD tissues, plasma and cells were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The expression levels of SRF and lncRNA FGD5-AS1 in LUAD tissue microarray were detected by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. LUAD cells A549, H1299 and H1975 were cultured in vitro and divided into si-NC and si-SRF groups, si-NC and si-lncRNA FGD5-AS1 groups, pcDNA3.1 and lncRNA FGD5-AS1 groups, si-NC+pcDNA3.1/si-SRF+pcDNA3.1/si-SRF+lncRNA FGD5-AS1 groups. The effects of the above groups on the proliferation, invasion and migration of LUAD cells were detected by CCK-8, cloning formation, EdU, Transwell and scratch test. The JASPAR database was used to predict the downstream lncRNA FGD5-AS1 that can be regulated by SRF; double luciferase experiment, chromatin Immunoprecipitation (CHIP) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) experiment were used to verify the regulatory effect between SRF and lncRNA FGD5-AS1, and the subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiment in nude mice was used to detect the effects of cells that stably knock down SRF and stably overexpress lncRNA FGD5-AS1 on the growth of transplanted tumors. Results:The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the mean optical density of SRF in LUAD tissues (1.49±0.33) was higher than that in adjacent tissues (1.00±0.00, P＜0.001). The expression level of SRF in paraffin tissues of LUAD patients was higher than that in normal tissues adjacent to cancer ( P=0.037). CCK-8, cloning, scratch and Transwell experiments showed that knockdown SRF could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells, respectively. [For A549 cells: The clone formation count, migration count, invasion count, and 48-h migration distance ratio were (233.70±18.50), (808.70±6.11), (489.70±53.00), and 1.00±0.03, respectively, in the si-NC group; and (131.30±22.50), (403.00±9.54), (372.70±26.27), and 2.14±0.09, respectively, in the si-SRF group. For H1299 cells: The clone formation count, migration count, invasion count, and 48-h migration distance ratio were (194.30±20.98), (988.70±64.52), (907.70±67.02), and 1.00±0.05, respectively, in the si-NC group; and (137.70±7.77), (665.70±157.10), (565.70±67.01), and 1.52±0.03, respectively, in the si-SRF group. All comparisons showed statistically significant differences ( P＜0.05)] JASPAR database prediction shows that SRF and lncRNA FGD5-AS1 have binding site. The double luciferase experiment, CHIP and EMSA experiments showed that SRF could regulate lncRNA FGD5-AS1. In situ hybridization showed that the mean optical density of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 in tissue microarray of LUAD patients (1.28±0.31) was higher than that in adjacent tissues (1.00±0.00, P＜0.001). The results of qRT-PCR experiment showed that the expression level of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 in wax tissues of LUAD patients was higher than that in normal tissues adjacent to cancer ( P=0.017). The expression level of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 in plasma of LUAD patients (3.48±2.62) was higher than that of healthy people (1.02±0.03, P＜0.001). CCK-8, cloning, EDU, scratch and Transwell experiments showed that overexpression of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 could promote cell proliferation [For A549 cells: The clone formation count, EdU-positive cell count, invasion count, and 48-h migration distance ratio were (22.67±5.86), (1.00±0.09), (135.70±13.20), and 0.35±0.02, respectively, in the pcDNA3.1 group; and (46.33±9.07), (1.65±0.10), (205.00±13.23), and 0.20±0.01, respectively, in the FGD5-AS1-overexpressing group. All comparisons showed statistically significant differences ( P＜0.05)], migration and invasion and vice versa [For H1975 cells: The clone formation count, EdU-positive cell count, invasion count, and 48-h migration distance ratio were (75.33±4.16), (1.00±0.02), (258.70±45.79), and 0.18±0.01, respectively, in the NC group; and (37.00±4.00), (0.52±0.07), (130.70±9.07), and 0.53±0.04, respectively, in the lncRNA FGD5-AS1 knockdown group (si-lncRNA FGD5-AS1 group). All comparisons showed statistically significant differences ( P＜0.05)]. Overexpression of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 could rescue the effect of knockdown SRF on the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells. The results of subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiment in nude mice indicated that the tumorigenicity of LUAD cells stably knockdown SRF was weakened and vice versa. Conclusion:SRF can promote the progress of LUAD by regulating lncRNA FGD5-AS1.

Objective:To establish a method for detecting serum non-ceruloplasmin-bound copper (NCC) by immunoprecipitation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (IP-ICP-MS) and evaluate its clinical application.Methods:Methodological evaluation research. Immunoprecipitation was first used to separate serum ceruloplasmin, followed by detection of serum NCC levels using ICP-MS. Two levels of quality control serum were reconstituted to determine the limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), accuracy, and precision of the self-developed method. The serum samples of 131 healthy individuals (healthy group) and 69 first-time diagnosed Wilson′s disease (WD) patients(WD group) from November 2023 to June 2024 in the Affiliated Hospital of Institute of Neurology, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were collected. Using self-developed method detected the serum NCC levels, established the healthy reference intervals, and NCC levels between the two groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results:The calibration curve exhibited excellent lineary across the concentration range of 1.562 to 300.000 μg/L, as demonstrated by coefficient of determination ( R2) of 0.999. The self-developed NCC method exhibited that the LOD was 0.99 μg/L, the LOQ was 3.29 μg/L, the accuracy (spike and recovery experience) was 87.67%?106.27%, and the intra-batch and inter-batch imprecision expressed as coefficient of variation ( CV) was 2.8%?7.3%, and the healthy reference range was 34.31-71.79 μg/L. The serum NCC levels in the WD group were 102.39 (74.38, 144.04) μg/L, which was significantly higher than those in healthy group (51.45±10.34) μg/L ( Z=?7.967, P<0.01). Conclusions:The established IP-ICP-MS method for detecting serum NCC meets the required analytical performance criteria. It is simply operative, highly sensitive, and provides accurate and reliable results, which could be used for clinical detection.

Red blood cell (RBC) antibodies refer to antibodies targeting erythrocyte surface antigens, which can be classified by their origin and characteristics into autoantibodies (warm and cold antibodies), alloantibodies, drug-induced antibodies, and irregular antibodies. Among them, the autoantibody can induce and mediate the autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) which represents one of the most common acquired hemolytic disorders in clinical practice, characterized by accelerated RBC destruction and shortened erythrocyte lifespan. AIHA is primarily categorized into warm antibody type, cold antibody type, and mixed type based on its optimal reaction temperature.With advancements in immunology and molecular biology research, and clinical laboratory technologies, the clinical testing methods for autoantibodies have evolved from traditional agglutination tests to high-sensitivity techniques such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), flow cytometry, and molecular diagnostics. These technological improvements have not only enhanced the detection rate of anti-RBC antibodies but also significantly expanded their clinical applications.This article provides a critical review of the clinical significance of warm and cold antibodies in AIHA, encompassing their detection methods, pathogenic mechanisms, and therapeutic progress, aiming to serve as a reference for both clinicians and laboratory physicians.

Objective To evaluate the effect of pneumatic logistics transport system(PTS)on the trans-portation efficiency of the transferred samples and the accuracy of the results.Methods The transportation speed,temperature and humidity change of PTS were analyzed by temperature and humidity transmitter.Anti-coagulant samples containing disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate(EDTA-K2),sodium citrate,lithium hepa-rin and samples containing inert separation gel coagulant were selected.and used respectively for complete blood cell analysis,prothrombin time(PT),activated partial prothrombin time(APTT),troponin T(TnT)and other myocardial markers,as well as the detection of items such as glucose(Glu)and lactate dehydrogen-ase(LDH).According to the transfer mode,they were divided into the manual transfer group and the PTS transfer group,and according to the number of PTS transfers,they were divided into the one-time transfer group,the three-time transfer group and before transfer(control).The differences among each group were statistically analyzed,and 1/3 allowable total error(1/3TEa)was adopted as the criterion for determining the clinical application value.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the changes of tempera-ture and humidity during the transportation process of PTS compared with manual transportation(P＞0.05),but it was significantly faster than manual transportation in terms of transportation time(P＜0.05).Com-pared with before transfer,the differences between the PT,APTT,Glu and LDH items in the one-time trans-fer group and the three-time transfer group were statistically significant(P＜0.01),and their deviations were all much greater than 1/3TEa.However,in the plasma samples,compared with before transport,there were statistically significant differences in Glu and LDH between the one-time transfer group and the three-time transfer group(P＜0.05),but the deviations were all less than 1/3TEa.For the items of TnT,red blood cell count and hematocrit,compared with before transfer,there were statistically significant differences between some groups of the one-time transfer group and the three-time transfer group(P＜0.05),but the deviations were all less than 1/3TEa.Conclusion PTS can significantly improve the transportation efficiency of sam-ples,but it significantly affects the detection of Glu and LDH in plasma samples,which can be improved by u-sing serum sample transportation instead.In addition,PTS also affects the detection of PT and APTT,and it is not recommended to use PTS to transport coagulation specimen.