Objective:To observe the feelings of listening to music and the importance of music in the daily life of post-lingual deaf adults with cochlear implants, and to explore the relevant influencing factors.Methods:This was a cross-sectional survey study. From January 2021 to August 2021,the Music-Related Quality of Life Scale was used to evaluate the music needs and music experiences of 63 post-lingual deaf adults who met the inclusion criteria, including 27 males and 36 females, aged (40.7±12.3) years, at the time of surgery (36.8±13.1) years, and with a preoperative hearing aid ineffective time of (3.9±5.8) years. Indicators analyzed included age, duration of ineffective preoperative hearing aid wear, preoperative music preference, duration of postoperative cochlear implant use, current hearing aid modality, and auditory rehabilitation outcomes. Whether the six factors mentioned above constituted an influence on the subjects′ music listening was investigated using SPSS 25.0 statistical software.Results:All of the observations in the scale were correlated with a single factor. The two sub-dimensions of music experience section were related to the effect of auditory rehabilitation. In the importance section, the effect of auditory rehabilitation was the influential factor of the dimension of "participation importance", and the preoperative enjoyment of music was the relevant influential factor of the dimension of "perceived importance". There was a significant difference between the groups when they were grouped by the above factors ( P value<0.05), while there was no statistically significance between the groups when they were grouped by other factors ( P value>0.05). Conclusions:Post-lingual deaf adults show the need and attempt to listen to music after cochlear implantation. The effectiveness of auditory rehabilitation and the degree of music preference preoperatively are two important factors that influence music listening in implant recipients. Once the level of auditory communication has been restored to a certain degree, it is important to pay more attention to the needs of music for implant recipients and train them in time, especially for those with music preferences preoperatively.

Objective To systematically review the efficacy and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)combined with agomelatine in the treatment of depression.Methods PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CNKI,VIP,WanFang Data,SinoMed and Yiigle databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of comparison between rTMS combined with agomelatine(combined group)and agomelatine or combined pseudostimulation(control group)in the treatment of depression from inception to May 10,2024.Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.4 software,GRADE grading system for evaluating the level of evidence for observational indicators,and TSA 0.9.5.lBeta software for trial sequential analysis.Results A total of 15 RCTs involving 1 196 patients were included.Meta-analysis showed that compared with control group,combination group had a higher effective rate(RR=1.24,95％CI 1.15 to 1.34,P＜0.001),lower depression scale score(SMD=-2.95,95％CI-3.71 to-2.19,P＜0.001),anxiety scale score(SMD=-2.21,95％CI-3.29 to-1.14,P＜0.001),PSQI score(MD=-1.69,95％CI-2.79 to-0.59,P=0.003).There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of NE level,5-HT level and incidence of adverse reactions(P＞0.05).GRADE quality grading of the evidence showed moderate-quality evidence for the effectiveness rate and incidence of adverse reactions,with the depression scale score and the NE level of the evidence being low-quality,and the level of evidence for the anxiety scale score,the PSQI score,and the 5-HT content was very low.The trial sequential analysis results showed that in terms of effective rate,the analysis results of combination group superior to control group were reliable,and the conclusion could exclude false positives.Conclusion The rTMS combined with agomelatine in the treatment of depression has advantages in improving effective rate,depression scale score,anxiety scale score and PSQI score compared with agomelatine alone or combined pseudostimulation,incidence of adverse reactions were equivalent to those of agomelatine aloneor or combined pseudostimulation.

Objective To investigate the effect of thalidomide combined with infliximab (IFX) in treatment of refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its effects on insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Methods A total of 120 patients with refractory IBD were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. The two groups were given conventional treatment (mesalazine), the control group was given IFX, and the experimental group was given IFX combined with thalidomide, continuous treatment for two months. The efficacy, intestinal flora disturbance rate, adverse reactions, Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI), Lewis score, serum IGF-1, TGF-β1 levels and nutritional status indexes[albumin (ALB), transferrin (Tf)]before and after treatment for 1 month and 2 months of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). After one month and two months of treatment, CDAI and Lewis scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05); the serum levels of IGF-1, TGF-β1 as well as ALB and Tf in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The improvement of intestinal flora disturbance rate in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of oral and nasal mucosa dryness, throat discomfort, nausea and vomiting between two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of refractory IBD patients, thalidomide combined with IFX can regulate serum IGF-1 and TGF-β1 levels, effectively relieve clinical manifestations, inhibit inflammatory activities, and improve nutritional status and intestinal flora disorders of patients, and it has high safety.

Inflammatory caspase-11 senses and is activated by intracellular lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leading to pyroptosis that has critical role in defensing against bacterial infection, whereas its excess activation under pathogenic circumstances may cause various inflammatory diseases. However, there are few known drugs that can control caspase-11 activation. We report here that scutellarin, a flavonoid from Erigeron breviscapus, acted as an inhibitor for caspase-11 activation in macrophages. Scutellarin dose-dependently inhibited intracellular LPS-induced release of caspase-11p26 (indicative of caspase-11 activation) and generation of N-terminal fragment of gasdermin D (GSDMD-NT), leading to reduced pyroptosis. It also suppressed the activation of non-canonical nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome as evidenced by reduced apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) speck formation and decreased interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and caspase-1p10 secretion, whereas the NLRP3-specific inhibitor MCC950 only inhibited IL-1β and caspase-1p10 release and ASC speck formation but not pyroptosis. Scutellarin also suppressed LPS-induced caspase-11 activation and pyroptosis in RAW 264.7 cells lacking ASC expression. Moreover, scutellarin treatment increased Ser/Thr phosphorylation of caspase-11 at protein kinase A (PKA)-specific sites, and its inhibitory action on caspase-11 activation was largely abrogated by PKA inhibitor H89 or by adenylyl cyclase inhibitor MDL12330A. Collectively, our data indicate that scutellarin inhibited caspase-11 activation and pyroptosis in macrophages at least partly via regulating the PKA signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE：To study th e improvement effect and mechanism of Dajianzhong decoction on irritable bowel syndrome（IBS）visceral pain model rats. METHODS ：Totally 48 male non-weaning rats were randomly divided into normal control group ，model group ，pinaverium bromide group （positive control ，45 mg/kg）and Dajianzhong decoction high-dose ， medium-dose and low-dose groups （2.16，1.08，0.54 g/kg，by crude drug ），with 8 rats in each group. Except for normal control group，IBS visceral pain model was established by mother and child separation ，acetic acid enema ，ovalbumin intraperitoneal Remote limb precondition - ing protects against ischemia induced neuronal death through ameliorating neuronal oxidative DNA damage injection in other groups for 57 d. On the 58th day ，the rats in administration groups were given the corresponding drugs intragastrically，and model group and normal control group were given constant volume of purified water ，once a day ，for consecutive 14 d. The general condition of rats was observed ；abdominal wall withdrawal reaction （AWR）was adopted to evaluate the visceral sensitivity of rats in each group under 20，40，60，and 80 mmHg （1 mmHg＝0.133 kPa）pressure；HE staining method was used to observe the colon pathological features of rats in each group. Western blotting assay was used to detect the protein expression of intestinal glial cells markers fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP），nerve growth factor （NGF）and its receptor TrkA in colon tissue. RESULTS ：The mucosal layer of colon tissue in rats of model group was discontinuous ，gland edema was observed and lymphocytes ，neutrophils and eosinophils were scattered in the lamina propria. In Dajianzhong decoction low-does group，the mucosal layer of colon tissue was incomplete ，some glands were slightly edematous ，and a few lymphocytes ， neutrophils in the lamina propria. The colonic mucosa epithelial structure was intact ，glands arranged regularly ，and no degenerative necrosis and inflammatory cells were observed in Dajianzhong decoction medium- and high-dose groups and pinaverium bromide group. Compared with normal control group ，AWR scores under 20，40，and 60 mmHg pressure ，relative protein expression of GFAR ，NGF and TrkA were all increased significantly in model group and Dajianzhong decoction low-does groups（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with model group ，AWR scores under 20，and 40 mmHg pressure in Dajianzhong decoction medium- and high-dose groups and pinaverium bromide group ，AWR scores under 60 mmHg pressure in Dajianzhong decoction high-dose group and pinaverium bromide group ，relative protein expression of GFAP ，NGF，TrkA in colon tissue in Dajianzhong decoction medium- and high-dose groups and pinaverium bromide group were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：Dajianzhong decoction could improve the visceral pain of IBS model rats by inhibiting the activation of intestinal glial cells and reducing the expression of NGF and TrkA.

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of stilbene glucoside （TSG）on the proliferation and estrogen receptor （ER）of human breast cancer T- 47D cells ，and to explore its estrogen-like effect and potential mechanism. METHODS ：Taking ER positive human breast cancer T- 47D cells as subjects ，using β-estradiol（β-E2，1×10－8 mol/L）as positive control ，CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell proliferation after treated with different concentrations of TSG （1×10－8，1×10－7，1×10－6，1×10－5，1×10－4 mol/L）for 24，48，72 h；the cell proliferation rate was calculated. Western blotting assay and RT-PCR methods were adopted to detect the protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β in cells after treated with low，medium and high concentrations of TSG （1×10－8， 1×10－6，1×10－4 mol/L）for 48 h. RESULTS ：After treated with different concentrations of TSG for 24，48，72 h，the cell proliferation rate of each administration group at each time point （except for β-E2 group at 48 h）increased significantly ，compared with blank group ；those of TSG groups （1×10－5，1×10－6，1×10－7 mol/L）were significantly higher than β-E2 group（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. After treated with low ，medium and high concentrations of TSG for 48 h，protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β in cells were increased significantly，compared with blank group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；protein expression of ER-β in TSG low concentration group ，mRNA expression of ER-α in TSG groups as well as mRNA expression of ER-β in TSG low and high concentration groups were significantly higher than β-E2 group（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：TSG can induce the in vitro proliferation of T- 47D cells and exert estrogen-like effects by promoting protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β， which is stronger than that of β-E2 at a certain concentration.

OBJECTIVE： To investigate estrogen-like effect of tetrahydroxy stilbene glucoside （TSG） and its effects on the expression of estrogen receptor （ER） in uterus of sexually immature mice. METHODS： Totally 60 sexually immature Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal group， positive control group （estradiol valerate， 0.18 mg/kg）， TSG low-dose and high-dose groups （50， 150 mg/kg）， TSG low-dose and high-dose groups+estradiol valerate groups （same dose as medication alone group）. Normal group was given constant volume of water intragastrically， and administration groups were given relevant medicine 0.2    mL/10 g， once morning and night， for consecutive 5 d. The uterus index and body weight increase of mice in each group were determined and calculated the next day after the last administration. The contents of serum estrogen （E2， LH， FSH） were determined by ELISA. HE staining was used to observe the morphology characteristics of uterus， and uterine tube diameter and endometrial thickness were detected. The expression of ER（ER-α and ER-β） in uterus was detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS： The myometrium of the mice in normal group was parallel and compact， the epithelium of the uterus was columnar， and the expression of ER-α and ER-β was low. The uterine tube diameter， endometrium and epithelium of mice in each administration group increased， thickened or proliferated in varying degrees， and the expression of ER-α and ER-β changed. Compared with normal group， uterus indexes （positive control group， TSG high-dose group， TSG+estradiol valerate groups）， the increase of body weight （positive control group， TSG high-dose groups， TSG low-dose+estradiol valerate group）， uterine tube diameter and endometrial thickness （positive control group， TSG low-dose group， TSG+estradiol valerate groups）， the expression of ER-α （positive control group， TSG+estradiol valerate groups） and the expression of ER-β （postive control group， TSG high-dose+estradiol valerate group）were increased significantly， while serum contents of LH （positive control group， TSG high-dose group） and FSH （TSG low-dose+estradiol valerate group） were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The uterus index， uterine tube diameter， endometrial thickness and the expression in ER-α and ER-β of TSG+estradiol valerate groups， the increase of body weight and serum content of E2 in TSG low-dose+estradiol valerate group were significantly higher than same TSG dose alone groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The uterus index， uterine tube diameter， endometrial thickness and the expression of ER-α and ER-β in TSG groups， uterine tube diameter and the expression of ER-β in TSG+estradiol valerate groups， body weight increase of mice in TSG low-dose group were significantly lower than positive control group， while serum content of LH in TSG+estradiol valerate groups were significantly higher than positive control group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： TSG can increase uterus indexes and body weight of sexually immature mice to certain extent， regulate estrogen level， increase the diameter of uterine tube and endometrial thickness and up-regulate the expression of ER in the uterus， showing certain estrogen-like effect， which is weaker than that of estradiol valerate. Combined use of them may antagonize the effect of estradiol valerate.

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of processed Polygonum multiflorum containing serum on the proliferation and the expression of estrogen receptor （ER） of human breast cancer T-47D cells， and to investigate its phytoestrogen （PE）-like effect. METHODS： Sexually immature SD rats were randomly divided into estradiol valerate （Ev） group （positive control， 0.12 mg/kg）， processed P. multiflorum low-dose and high-dose groups （0.75， 3 g/kg， by crude drug）， low-dose and high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev groups （same dose as single drug group）， with 10 rats in each group. Blank group was given constant volume of water intragastrically， and administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically； once day and night， for consecutive 4 days. Two hours after last administration， blank serum and containing serum were prepared. T-47D cells were also randomly divided into blank group， Ev group， low-dose and high-dose processed P. multiflorum groups， low-dose and high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev groups， and then were cultured in medium which contained 20％ blank serum or drug containing serum. CCK-8 assay was used to detect proliferation rate （PR）. Western blotting assay and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β. RESULTS： Compared with blank group， PR of administration groups [each administration group （24 h）， other administration groups （48， 72 h） except for high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group] were increased significantly； high-dose processed P. multiflorum group （72 h） was significantly higher than Ev group， and low-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group （72 h） was significantly higher than the same-dose processed P. multiflorum group； high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group （72 h） was significantly lower than the same-dose processed P. multiflorum group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Relative protein expression of ER-α in Ev group， high-dose processed P. multiflorum group and low-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group， relative mRNA expression of ER-α and protein expression of ER-β in administration groups， relative mRNA expression of ER-β in Ev group， low-dose processed P. multiflorum group and processed P. multiflorum+Ev groups were all increased significantly. Relative protein and mRNA expression of ER-α in Ev group were significantly higher than processed P. multiflorum groups and combination groups. Relative protein and mRNA expression of ER-β in Ev group were significantly lower than low-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group， but relative mRNA expression of ER-β was significantly higher than processed P. multiflorum groups and high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group. Relative protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β in low-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group as well as relative mRNA expression of ER-β in high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group were significantly higher than the same-dose processed P. multiflorum group. Relative protein and mRNA expression of ER-α in high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group were significantly lower than the same-dose processed P. multiflorum group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： The processed P. multiflorum containing serum can promote the proliferation of human breast cancer T-47D cells， and play the PE-like role through promoting protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β. However， the above effects are weaker than estrogen， and the combination of the two may antagonize the effect of estrogen.

Objective:To study the clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin type A injection in the treatment of upper facial dynamic wrinkles.Methods:A total of 35 patients with upper facial dynamic wrinkles treated in our hospital from February 2016 to October 2016 were selected as research objects.All the patients were treated with botulinum toxin type A.The excellence rate of 30min after treatment,3 d after treatment and 7 d after treatment were evaluated and compared.The facial wrinkles severity index of the patients were evaluated by the facial wrinkles scale (FWS),and the differences of the FWS index before treatment,4 weeks after treatment and 6 months after treatment were compared.The adverse reactions,like upper facial tension,fatigue and local injection of ecchymosis after treatment were observed and compared.Results:The excellence rate of the patients after treatment of 30 min,3 d and 7 d were gradually increased.The excellence rate of the patients after treatment of 3 d and 7 d were significantly higher than that of after treatment of 30 min,and the excellence rate of the patients after treatment of 7 d were significantly higher than that of after treatment of 3 d (P＜0.05).The FWS index of the patients after treatment of 4 weeks and 6 months were significantly lower than those of before treatment,and the FWS index of the patients after treatment of 4 weeks were significantly lower than that of 6 months after treatment(P＜0.05).After treatment,only 4 patients had slight discomfort and all of these symptoms were disappeared after 3-4 days,there was no effect on their normal work and life.Conclusion:Botulinum toxin type A injection has a remarkable clinical curative effect in the treatment of patients with upper facial dynamic wrinkles,can maintain tor a long time,and also has good safety,it is worthy clinical application.

Objective:To investigate the curative effect of botulinum toxin type A combined with plastic operation of pouches on patients with eye skin relaxation and its impact on patients' satisfaction,and to provide reference for clinical application.Methods:A total of 60 patients with eye skin relaxation,who were treated in Baoji Central Hospital from June 2015 to June 2016,were selected as subjects and divided into control group (n=28) and treatment group (n=32) according to the patients' choices.The patients of control group were treated with plastic operation of pouches,while the patients of treatment group were treated with botulinum toxin type A combined with plastic operation of pouches.The two groups were followed up for 6 months.The improvement of crow's feet,the relief of pouches and the improvement of eye skin gloss of the patients after operation were observed and recorded.The incidence of complications were also observed.At the end of the follow-up,the satisfaction degrees of the patients were investigated with the self-made questionnaire.Results:After treatment,the improvement rate(100％) of crow's feet of the treatment group was significantly higher than that(60.71％) of the control group;the improvement rate (96.88％) of pouches of the treatment group was significantly higher than that (32.14％) of the control group;the improvement rate (87.50％) of eye skin gloss of the treatment group was significantly higher than that (53.57％) of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).After treatment,there was no significant difference in the incidence of incision swelling,small amount of secretions and small hematoma between the two groups (P＞0.05),the operation eye swelling and incision bruises outer canthus in the control group were more than those in the treatment group (P＜0.05).The total satisfaction rate [93.75％ (30/32)] of the treatment group was significantly higher than that[67.86％ (19/28)] of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Botulinum toxin type A combined with plastic operation of pouches in the treatment of eye skin relaxation has a better efficacy and safety,which can significantly reduce the incidence of operation eye swelling and incision bruises outer canthus,and improve patients' satisfaction rate.It is worthy of clinical application.