Intestinal fibrosis is a significant clinical challenge in inflammatory bowel diseases, but no effective anti-fibrotic therapy is currently available. Glucagon receptor (GCGR) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R) are both peptide hormone receptors involved in energy metabolism of epithelial cells. However, their role in intestinal fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Herein GCGR and GLP1R were found to be reduced in the stenotic ileum of patients with Crohn's disease as well as in the fibrotic colon of mice with chronic colitis. The downregulation of GCGR and GLP1R led to the accumulation of the metabolic byproduct lactate, resulting in histone H3K9 lactylation and exacerbated intestinal fibrosis through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Dual activating GCGR and GLP1R by peptide 1907B reduced the H3K9 lactylation in epithelial cells and ameliorated intestinal fibrosis in vivo. We uncovered the role of GCGR/GLP1R in regulating EMT involved in intestinal fibrosis via histone lactylation. Simultaneously activating GCGR/GLP1R with the novel dual agonist peptide 1907B holds promise as a treatment strategy for alleviating intestinal fibrosis.

Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

OBJECTIVE: Recombination events are common and serve as the primary driving force of diverse human adenovirus (HAdV), particularly in children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs). Therefore, continual monitoring of these events is essential for effective viral surveillance and control. METHODS: Respiratory specimens were collected from children with ARIs between January 2022 and December 2023. The penton base, hexon, and fiber genes were amplified from HAdV-positive specimens and sequenced to determine the virus type. In cases with inconsistent typing results, genes were cloned into the pGEM-T vector to detect recombination events. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was performed to characterize the recombinant HAdV genomes. RESULTS: Among 6,771 specimens, 277 (4.09%, 277/6,771) were positvie for HAdV, of which 157 (56.68%, 157/277) were successfully typed, with HAdV-B3 being the dominant type (91.08%, 143/157), and 14 (5.05%, 14/277) exhibited inconsistent typing results, six of which belonged to species B. The penton base genes of these six specimens were classified as HAdV-B7, whereas their hexon and fiber genes were classified as HAdV-B3, resulting in a recombinant genotype designated P7H3F3, which closely resembled HAdV-B114. Additionally, a partial gene encoding L1 52/55 kD was identified, which originated from HAdV-B16. CONCLUSION A novel recombinant, P7H3F3, was identified, containing sequences derived from HAdV-B3 and HAdV-B7, which is similar to HAdV-B114, along with additional sequences from HAdV-B16.
Humans ; Adenoviruses, Human/isolation & purification* ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology* ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Recombination, Genetic ; Male ; Beijing/epidemiology* ; Infant ; Female ; Phylogeny ; Adenovirus Infections, Human/epidemiology* ; Acute Disease ; Genome, Viral

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to analyze the biomechanics of three kinds of rigid internal fixation methods for condylar head fractures. METHODS: A three dimensional finite element model of the normal mandible was constructed. It was then used to prepare condylar head fracture finite element model and three kinds of rigid internal fixation finite element model (unilateral tension screw, bilateral tension screw, tension screw+titanium plate). The mechanical characteristics and changes of the mandible condyle under the same mechanical conditions were compared among the three different rigid internal fixation methods. RESULTS: The maximum equivalent stress and displacement of the non-free end of condyle under the rigid internal fixation method of unilateral tension screw were 71.03 MPa and 4.72 mm, respectively. The maximum equivalent stress and displacement of the free end of condyle were 78.45 MPa and 4.50 mm, respectively. The maximum stress of fracture suture was 3.27 MPa. The maximum equivalent stress and displacement of the non-free end of condyle under the rigid internal fixation method of bilateral tension screw were 70.52 MPa and 4.00 mm, respectively. The maximum equivalent stress and displacement of the free end of condyle were 72.49 MPa and 3.85 mm, respectively. The maximum stress of fracture suture was 2.33 MPa. The maximum equivalent stress and maximum displacement of the non-free end of condyle under the rigid internal fixation method of tension screw+titanium plate were 67.26 MPa and 2.66 mm, respectively. The maximum equivalent stress and maximum displacement of the free end of condyle were 69.66 MPa and 2.50 mm, respectively. The maximum stress of fracture suture was 2.18 MPa. CONCLUSIONS The tension screw+titanium plate rigid internal fixation method is the most conducive to biomechanical distribution for condylar head fractures.
Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation* ; Mandibular Condyle/surgery* ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Screws ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Mandibular Fractures/surgery* ; Bone Plates ; Titanium ; Stress, Mechanical

Objective:To investigate the impact of ginseng alcohol extract(GEE)on improving sleep quality in the aged Drosophila model by regulating the redox balance,and to elucidate its associated mechanism.Methods:Thirty-two male drosophila melanogaster(7-days-old)were randomly selected as young group,while 64 male Drosophila melanogaster flies(35-days-old)were randomly assigned to aged model group(n=32)and GEE group(n=32).The sleep parameters,including total sleep duration,daytime sleep duration,night sleep duration,0-4 h of sleep duration after lights off(ZT0-4 sleep duration),deep sleep duration,sleep episodetimes,sleep fragmentation,and the activity parameters such as the total number of locomotor activity daytime locomotor activity amount and nighttime locomotor activity amount were analyzed using the DAM2 Drosophila behavioral analysis system 7 d after administration.The grouping of the drosophila was as above,and there were 100 drosophila ineach group.The differentially expressed proteins in drosophila brain tissue were screened,identified,and functionally analyzed using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis(2D-DIGE)and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS)proteomic methods.The grouping of the drosophila was as above,and there were 100 drosophila in each group.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and the levels of lipid peroxidation product(MDA)in brain tissue of the drosophila were determined using assay kits.Results:Compared with young group,the total sleep duration daytime sleep duration and night sleep cluration of the drosophila in agaed group were decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);and the sleep rhythm amplitude was shortened.Compared with aged group,the total sleep duration and daytime and nighttime sleep durations of the drosphila in GEE group were lengthened(P<0.01).Compared with young group,the ZT0-4 sleep duration deep sleep duration and sleep fragment of the drosophila in aged group were decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the sleep rhythm amplitude was shortened.Compared with young group,the ZT0-4 sleep duration,deep sleep duration,and single sleep fragment of the drosphila in GEE group were significantly prolonged(P<0.01),and the sleep amplitude was increased.Compared with young group,there was no significant difference in diurnal spontaneous activity or total spontaneous activity of the drosophila in aged group(P>0.05),while the nocturnal spontaneous activity was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with aged group,the diurnal spontaneous activity,nocturnal spontaneous activity,and total spontaneous activity of the drosophila in GEE group were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).A total of 47 differentially expressed proteins were selected in the 2D-DIGE electrophoretic mapping.Compared with young group,the expressions of 47 differentially expressed protein sites in aged group were down-regulated mainly including glutathione S-transferase,peroxiredoxin 1 and dihydrolipoic dehydrogenase,which were related to redox balance.Compared with young group,the activities of SOD,CAT and GSH-Px in brain tissue of the drosophila in aged group were decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the level of MDA was increased(P<0.01);compared with aged group,the activities of SOD,CAT and GSH-Px in brain tissue of the drosphila in GEE group were increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the MDA level was decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:GEE has improvement effect on the sleep quality of aged drosophila,and its possible mechanism may be related to upregulating the activities of antioxidant enzymes,inhibiting the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products,and maintaining redox balance.

Objective To investigate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI)parameters in evaluating the short-term prognosis of laryngeal cancer patients after postoperative radiotherapy.Methods A case-control study was performed on 127 laryngeal cancer patients admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to December 2023.The patients underwent different tumor treatment followed by radical radiotherapy.According to tumor recurrence or not,they were divided into a recurrence group(n=50)and a non-recurrence group(n=77).DCE-MRI parameters,such as volume transfer constant(Ktrans),rate constant(Kep),and volume fraction of extracellular extravascular space(Ve),and clinical data were compared between the 2 groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify influencing factors for short-term prognosis after radiotherapy.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive efficacy of DCE-MRI parameters,and the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated.Results The recurrence group had significantly larger proportions of positive surgical margins,preoperative maximum lesion diameter≥4 cm,ulcerative lesions,stages N1～N3,and advanced stages Ⅲ～Ⅳ,and obviously higher Ktrans and Kep values but lower Ve valus than the non-recurrence group(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that positive surgical margins,stages N1～N3,Ktrans,and Kep were independent risk factors for short-term prognosis,while Ve was a protective factor(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC value of combination of Ktrans,Kep and Ve and of above 5 indicators in predicting short-term prognosis of postoperative radiotherapy for laryngeal cancer was 0.920(95%CI:0.858～0.961)and 0.923(95%CI:0.862～0.963),respectively.Though the AUC value of combined 3 parameters was significantly higher than that of the single indicator alone(P<0.05),there was no difference in the value between the combination of 3 parameters and the combined application of the 5 indicators.Conclusion DCE-MRI parameters Ktrans,Kep,and Ve are closely associated with short-term prognosis of postoperative radiotherapy for laryngeal cancer.Their combination has a good predictive efficacy for the short-term prognosis of the patients.

Iron is involved in several activities in the brain, including energy metabolism, neurotransmitter transmission, and myelination. Disorder of peripheral iron metabolism and excessive iron accumulation in the brain can reduce cognitive and behavioral ability through pathological mechanisms such as inflammatory response and abnormal protein expression, leading to cognitive disorders. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), as a new non-invasive magnetic resonance technique, can quantitatively measure brain iron deposition, clarify the relationship between cognitive disorders and iron homeostasis imbalance, and provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of the diseases. This article reviews the latest research progress of QSM in brain iron deposition associated with cognitive disorders.

Turning to critical illness is a common stage of various diseases and injuries before death. Patients usually have complex health conditions, while the treatment process involves a wide range of content, along with high requirements for doctor′s professionalism and multi-specialty teamwork, as well as a great demand for time-sensitive treatments. However, this is not matched with critical care professionals and the current state of medical care in China. Telemedicine, which shortens the distance of medical professionals and the gap of disease diagnosis and treatments in various regions through electronic information, can effectively solve the current problem. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a standardized, high-quality visualization telemedicine round system .Therefore, experts have been organized to search domestic and foreign literature on telemedicine round for critically ill patients and to form this consensus based on clinical experiences so as to further improve the level of critical care treatments in regions.